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1、翻译二级笔译实务分类模拟题22汉译英请特别注意划线部分的译法。1. 每年春秋两季辽宁全省举办“爱鸟周”活动。 正确答案:A Love Birds Week is held every spri(江南博哥)ng and autumn throughout Liaoning Province.解析 “爱鸟周”的译法可以给我们以启发,比如,“爱民月”则可以照样译成Love the People Month。2. 华北与东北将有四至五级北风。 正确答案:Northerly wind of force 4-5(on a scale of 1-12) will hit North and Northeas
2、t China.解析 有两点值得一提。北风的“北”不是northern而是northerly。同理,东、南、西风分别是easterly/southerly/westerly wind。还有一点是四级风不必加上诸如degree或grade的词语,但后边必须注明on a scale of 1-12或on the Beaufort scale。3. 昨天,和平区拆除一批违章建筑。 正确答案:Some sheds and kiosks, which had been erected in violation of relevant regulations, were demolished yester
3、day in Heping District.解析 “拆除”词有人爱用dismantle,但dismantle是take a machine or article to pieces,只有“拆”而无“除”的意思。而demolish意为to destroy, pull or tear down,用在这儿正合适。4. 在最近结束的第五届全国生物奥林匹克竞赛中,本市新华中学的郑重获一等奖。 正确答案:The Fifth National Olympic Contest on Biology was recently concluded. Zheng Zhong of the citys Xinhua
4、 Middle School won the first prize.解析 同中文“奖”对应的英语词不止一个,这就为翻译带来了困难。关键是要弄清楚英语中各种“奖”之间细微的差别,只有这样,才能把原文的意思准确地传达过去。prize通常是在比赛等活动中赢来的,比如电视大奖赛。此外还有the Book prize for Literature(文学图书奖),Nobel Prize(诺贝尔奖)等等。award指某人做了某事后获得的回报,常以奖章、勋章的形式体现,如:award for industry(勤勉奖章)。我国的“国家科学技术奖”的正式译文是the state science and tec
5、hnology awards。reward也是做事得到的回报,但与award不同的是,award常常由一个组织、一个机构或一个委员会授予,而reward则往往是个人行为,比如失物复得后,失主对拾物者的酬谢,就是一种reward。 请看例句,注意其中细微的区别: 例1:本市100名教学楷模昨天受到市政府表彰并获得物质奖励。 100 Model Teachers were honoured by the Municipal Government and presented with cash awards. 例2:寻找宠物 丢失黑白花小猫一只,项圈上有姓名“Henry”。凡寻到者奖励十镑。 LOS
6、T A black-and-white cat with the name Henry on its collar. Ten pounds reward.5. 天津公安机关最近在火车站抓住了五名票贩子。 正确答案:Tianjin Security Authorities seized five scalpers at Tianjin Railway Station a few days ago.解析 “票贩子”英语中有个专门的名词叫scalper,原义是指倒卖戏票牟取不义之财的人,也可用来指倒卖其它票证获利的人。6. 谦德庄平房改造工程是本市规模最大的一项平房改造工程。 正确答案:The re
7、novation project of the Qiandezhuang shanty dwellings is the biggest of such projects in the city.解析 近年来,平房改造声势浩荡,席卷全国。“平房”应该怎么翻译便成了一个问题。翻成dilapidated bungalows有点过“直”,过“露”。shanty dwellings突出了这类房子破旧的特点,是比较好的译文。7. 一些参加改革试点的法院积累了成功的经验。 正确答案:Some courts involved in pilot reform programmes have had succe
8、ssful experiences.解析 “试点”人们立即会想到experiment,大概很少有人会把它同pilot联系起来。这其实是我们在翻译时常常犯的一个毛病,总认为一个词在另一种语言中只有一个唯一的对等词。另外,“改革试点”英语多了一个programme,“考研究生”也必须加上这个programme,说成apply for a postgraduate programme。这个例子再次告诉我们,学外语必须记词组,不能只孤立记忆单个的单词。8. 总理代表党中央和国务院向受灾群众,向与洪水搏斗、救助群众的解放军官兵、武警部队与公安部队表示慰问。 正确答案:The Premier, on be
9、half of the Chinese Communist Party Central Committee and the State Council, expressed regard for the people affected by the floods, as well as for the Peoples Liberation Army officers and soldiers, the armed police and the public security forces who are battling the raging waters to rescue resident
10、s.解析 “慰问”是很难译好的,好像英语中没有一个完全对等的词。在这个上下文中,译成了express regard,意思接近于“表示问候”。根据不同情况,有时把“慰问”译成express sympathy and solicitude或express concern也是可以的。例如:The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council also sent a message on Wednesday, expressing their deep sympathy and sincere solic
11、itude for the quake victims.9.以开放创新扩大区域经济合作 有哲人说过1,当问题出现的时候,不能用曾经制造问题的办法去解决它。老问题的解决,不能再从对抗、仇恨、封闭中谋答案2;新问题的应对,更要在对话、协商、合作中找出路3。我们要吸取历史经验,运用时代智慧,寻求各方利益的最大公约数4。人类在艰难时刻,总是能激起突破困境的勇气,迸发出变革创新的力量。 面对多元的世界文明,我们主张要共同促进和谐相处。面对多变的5经济形势,我们主张要大力推动开放创新。我们倡导顺势而为6,坚定不移推进自由贸易,旗帜鲜明反对保护主义,积极扩大区域经济合作,打造全球价值链,迎接新科技革命的到来
12、。宏观政策固然重要,但结构性改革势在必行,这是国际社会的共识7。尽管难度很大,但也应该坚持去做,这样才能形成全球创新合力,增强世界发展的新动能8。 正确答案:Increase Regional Economic Cooperation through Opening-up and Innovation A philosopher once observed that we cannot solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them Indeed. Old problems can n
13、o longer be solved by clinging to the outdated mindset of confrontation, hatred and isolation. Dialogue, consultation and cooperation must be explored to find solutions to new problems. It is important that we draw lessons from history, and pool our collective wisdom to maximize the convergence of i
14、nterests among countries. Fortunately, in time of hardship and trial, mankind has always been able to find the courage to get out of the predicament and move ahead through change and innovation. In a world of diverse civilizations, we should all seek to live in harmony. In a world facing volatile ec
15、onomic situation, we should all work to promote opening-up and innovation. We need to act along the trend of our time, firmly advance free trade, resolutely reject protectionism, and actively expand regional economic cooperation. We need to build global value chains, and seize the opportunity of a n
16、ew technological revolution. While the international community agrees on the importance of macro-policies to the economy, they also recognize the urgency to go ahead with structural reform. Structural reform must be carried through no matter how difficult it is, as it is an effective way to foster conditions