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1、翻译二级笔译实务分类模拟题32汉译英1. 单位GDP能耗同比下降4.2%，碳排放强度下降5%左右，是多年来降幅最大的。 正确答案：The per unit GDP energy consumptio（江南博哥）n dropped by 4.2 percent year on year, and carbon intensity was cut by about 5 percent, the largest drop in many years.2. 我们支持推动传统经济转型升级，挖掘绿色经济、蓝色经济、互联网经济等发展前景良好的新经济形态，走绿色、循环、低碳和高效发展之路。 正确答案：We s
2、upport the efforts to promote economic restructuring and upgrading in traditional industries, explore new and promising economic growth areas such as the Green Economy, the Blue Economy, and the Internet Economy, and promote green, circular, low-carbon and energy-efficient development.3. 稀土作为不可再生的战略
3、资源，在新能源、新材料、节能环保、航空航天及电子信息等领域的应用日益广泛。 正确答案：As a non-renewable strategic resource, rare earth is being widely used in new energy, new material, energy conservation and environment protection, aviation and space, electronic information and other industries.4. 在新能源、信息及节能减排领域，具有自主创新能力的中小企业发生了巨大变化。 正确答案：
4、In new energy, information and energy conservation and emission reduction, innovation-oriented SMEs have undergone tremendous changes.5. 据统计，将有近10万名科技人员进入企业、进入农村、进入各行各业，帮助中小企业渡过难关，帮助中小企业进行产品创新和技术改进。 正确答案：According to statistics, about 100,000 scientific and technological personnel are working in ent
5、erprises, rural areas and different sectors to help SMEs overcome difficulties, make innovations in products and promote the technological upgrading.6. 随着总量扩大，经济增长的就业容量扩大了，对波动的容忍度也提高了。 正确答案：As the economic aggregate continues to expand, growth will mean more jobs and there will be greater tolerance
6、to fluctuations.7. 稳增长是为了保就业，调控的下限是比较充分的就业。 正确答案：The governments important goal of maintaining stable growth is to ensure employment, and the floor of the proper range is to ensure relatively adequate employment.8. 我们更加关注结构调整等长期问题，不随单项指标的短期小幅波动而起舞。 正确答案：We focused more on structural readjustment and
7、 other long-term problems, and refrained from being distracted by the slight short-term fluctuations of individual indicators.9. 中国经济有巨大韧性、潜力和回旋余地。 正确答案：Chinas economy is highly resilient and has much potential and ample space to grow.10. 我们采取的措施既利当前、更惠长远，有能力防范出现大的起伏，更不会发生“硬着陆”。 正确答案：The measures we
8、 have taken are good both for now and for longer-term interests, and will therefore enable us to prevent major fluctuations and make a hard landing even less possible.11.数字、模拟和混合计算机1 数字计算机是对离散数据进行操作的计算设备。它直接对表示数字、字母或其它专用符号的数进行计算。正如数字表以秒、分来计算小时那样，数字处理器也对离散数值进行计算以获得所需的输出结果。 还存在一种与数字计算机相反的模拟计算机，它不直接对数进
9、行计算。模拟计算机处理在连续标度上测量的变量并按预先规定的精度进行记录。例如：测量时，温度可精确到1/10摄氏度，电压可精确到1/100伏，压力可精确到“磅/平方英寸”。模拟计算机系统常用于控制诸如炼油厂中的流量和温度测量过程。 有时把模拟和数字计算机的优点结合起来形成一个混合计算机系统。例如在医院重症监护室中，模拟部件可用于测量病号的心功能、体温和其它生理症状。然后把这些测量信号转换成数字并送给系统的数字部件，该部件用于监视病员生理症状，当检测到异常信号时，向护士值班室发出报警信号。 很明显，模拟和混合处理器用于完成重要的特定任务。但绝大多数商业和科学用的计算机是数字计算机。 正确答案：Di
10、gital, Analog, and Hybrid Computers A digital computer is a counting device that operates on discrete data. It operates by directly counting numbers (or digits) that represent figures, letters, or other special symbols. Just as digital watches directly count off the seconds and minutes in an hour, d
11、igital processors also count discrete values to achieve the desired output results. In contrast to digital processors, however, there are also analog computers that do not compute directly with numbers. Rather, they deal with variables that are measured on a continuous scale and are recorded to some
12、 predetermined degree of accuracy. Temperature, for example, may be measured to the nearest tenth of a degree on the Celsius scale, voltage may be measured to the nearest hundredth of a volt, and pressure may be measured to the nearest pounds per square inch value. Analog computing systems are frequ
13、ently used to control processes such as those found in an oil refinery where flow and temperature measurements are important. Desirable features of analog and digital machines are sometimes combined to create a hybrid computing system. In a hospital intensive-care unit, for example, analog devices m
14、ay measure a patients heart function, temperature, and other vital signs. These measurements may then be converted into numbers and supplied to a digital component in the system. This component is used to monitor the patients vital signs and to send an immediate signal to a nurses station if any abn
15、ormal readings are detected. Analog and hybrid processors obviously perform important specialized tasks. But the overwhelming majority of all computers used for business and scientific applications are digital devices.解析 1注意类比构词手法的运用，它对英译汉和汉译英都很有帮助。如：数字、模拟和混合计算机分别被译为digital computer, analog computer
16、和hybrid computer,其中hybrid computer还含有隐喻色彩。在各种构词法中，类比构词正受到人们越来越多的关注。类比构词的特点是依照原有的同类词创造出其对应词或近似词。通过这种方法创造出来的词往往易于接受，而且形象、生动，有时还有幽默诙谐的色彩，在很大程度上满足了造新词的需要。如telethon(冗长乏味的电视广播节目)由marathon(马拉松)一词类比而成，money star(大款、金星)系由singer star, dancer star 等词类比而来。类比构词大体可分为五大类，即色彩类比(如blue-collar worker与gray-collar worker)、数字类比(如the First World与
