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1、防松防松装置装置LOCKING AGENTSThepurposeoflocking防松的目的防松的目的Thepurposeoflockingistopreventstructuralpartsfromunwanteddisplacementasaresultofknockingand/orvibration,forexample.防松的目的是防止零件在震动和冲击载荷作防松的目的是防止零件在震动和冲击载荷作用下而产生不必要的移动。用下而产生不必要的移动。Typesoflocking防松的类型防松的类型-axiallocking轴向防松轴向防松-radiallocking径向防松径向防松 -com
2、binedlocking组合防松组合防松Lockingagents防松零件防松零件Tomakethelargevarietyoflockingagentssomewhatclearer,wedistinguishthefollowinggroups: 把各类防松零件分为以下几类把各类防松零件分为以下几类: -Lockingagentsforshaftsandbores. 孔和轴用防松零件孔和轴用防松零件.-Lockingagentsforscrewthreadjoints. 螺纹联接防松件螺纹联接防松件.Thefollowingagentscanbeusedforlocking:下列零件常用于
3、防松下列零件常用于防松:-lockingplates,止动垫片止动垫片- retaining rings; spring retainers for shaftsandbores,轴和孔用弹性档圈轴和孔用弹性档圈-springwashers,弹簧垫圈弹簧垫圈-springclips,弹簧夹弹簧夹-lockingnuts,锁紧螺母锁紧螺母-lockingpins,锁紧销锁紧销-lockingscrews,紧定螺钉紧定螺钉-liquidlockingagentsandadhesives.粘接剂粘接剂LOCKINGAGENTSFORSCREWTHREADJOINTSLockingplates 止动垫
4、片止动垫片Luglockingplatewithonelug单耳止动垫单耳止动垫片片LOCKINGAGENTSFORSCREWTHREADJOINTSLuglockingplatewithtwolugs双耳止动垫双耳止动垫片片LOCKINGAGENTSFORSCREWTHREADJOINTSRidgelockingplate外舌止外舌止动动垫片垫片LOCKINGAGENTSFORSCREWTHREADJOINTSThree-foldlockingplate三折止动垫片三折止动垫片Retainingrings 止动止动垫圈垫圈Ridgeretainingring内舌止动垫圈内舌止动垫圈LOCKI
5、NGAGENTSFORSCREWTHREADJOINTSLOCKINGAGENTSFORSCREWTHREADJOINTSSquare-holeretainingring方孔止动垫圈方孔止动垫圈LOCKINGAGENTSFORSCREWTHREADJOINTSSpringplates弹性垫片弹性垫片Toothedspringplate内齿弹性垫片内齿弹性垫片LOCKINGAGENTSFORSCREWTHREADJOINTSSpringwashers 弹性垫圈弹性垫圈Singlespringwasherwithbent-upwardends弹簧垫圈弹簧垫圈LOCKINGAGENTSFORSCRE
6、WTHREADJOINTSClosedarchedspringwasher鞍形弹性垫圈鞍形弹性垫圈LOCKINGAGENTSFORSCREWTHREADJOINTSCuppedspringwasher杯形弹性垫圈杯形弹性垫圈LOCKINGAGENTSFORSCREWTHREADJOINTSClosedcorrugatedspringwasher波形弹性垫圈波形弹性垫圈LOCKINGAGENTSFORSCREWTHREADJOINTSClosedflattoothedspringwasherwithinternaltoothing内齿锁紧垫圈内齿锁紧垫圈LOCKINGAGENTSFORSCREW
7、THREADJOINTSClosedflattoothedspringwasherwithinternaltoothing外齿锁紧垫圈外齿锁紧垫圈Locknuts锁紧螺母锁紧螺母LOCKINGAGENTSFORSCREWTHREADJOINTSSelf-lockingnut自锁螺母自锁螺母LOCKINGAGENTSFORSCREWTHREADJOINTSCastellatednut开开槽螺母槽螺母LOCKINGAGENTSFORSCREWTHREADJOINTSRoundsplitpin开口销开口销LOCKINGAGENTSFORSHAFTSANDACCESSORIESLockingplate
8、s止动垫片止动垫片Rectangularlockingplate矩形止动垫片矩形止动垫片Retainingrings 锁紧挡圈锁紧挡圈LOCKINGAGENTSFORSHAFTSANDACCESSORIESAdjustingring螺钉锁紧挡圈螺钉锁紧挡圈Springretainersforshafts,轴用弹性挡圈轴用弹性挡圈 axialmounting 轴向轴向固定固定LOCKINGAGENTSFORSHAFTSANDACCESSORIESFlatspringretainer平弹性挡圈平弹性挡圈LOCKINGAGENTSFORSHAFTSANDACCESSORIESCurvedspring
9、retainer弯曲弹性挡圈弯曲弹性挡圈LOCKINGAGENTSFORSHAFTSANDACCESSORIESSpringretainerwithbevel带带斜面弹性挡圈斜面弹性挡圈LOCKINGAGENTSFORSHAFTSANDACCESSORIESRadialmounting径向固定径向固定 Flatspringretainer开口挡圈开口挡圈LOCKINGAGENTSFORSHAFTSANDACCESSORIESSpringretainersforbores孔用弹性挡圈孔用弹性挡圈Flatspringretainer平弹性挡圈平弹性挡圈LOCKINGAGENTSFORSHAFTSA
10、NDACCESSORIESSpringclips弹性夹弹性夹 Lockingpins定位销定位销 LOCKINGAGENTSFORSHAFTSANDACCESSORIESCylindricalpin圆柱销圆柱销LOCKINGAGENTSFORSHAFTSANDACCESSORIESTaperedpin圆锥销圆锥销LOCKINGAGENTSFORSHAFTSANDACCESSORIESFluted pin槽销槽销 cylindrical tapered 直槽销直槽销锥槽销锥槽销LOCKINGAGENTSFORSHAFTSANDACCESSORIESForkedflutedpin中心中心槽销槽销（
11、槽占全长（槽占全长1/3）Lockingscrews紧定螺钉紧定螺钉 LOCKINGAGENTSFORSHAFTSANDACCESSORIESBevelledconicalpointcraterendjournalAdjustingscrewswithinnerhexagon内六角紧定螺钉内六角紧定螺钉凹端锥端平端圆柱端LOCKINGAGENTSFORSHAFTSANDACCESSORIESAdjustingscrewswithsawcut开开槽紧定螺钉槽紧定螺钉bevelledconicalpointcraterendjournal平端锥端凹端圆柱端螺纹联接用防松零件的应用和操作螺纹联接用防
12、松零件的应用和操作 ApplicationandoperationoflockingagentsforscrewthreadjointsLockingbyexercisingaforce,inthelongitudinaldirectionorcrossdirection,orcombined.利用附加力（纵向、横向和组合的力）的方法防松。利用附加力（纵向、横向和组合的力）的方法防松。纵向纵向纵向和横向纵向和横向横向横向防松零件防松零件:弹性垫圈弹性垫圈防松零件防松零件:扣紧螺母扣紧螺母防防松松零零件件:自锁螺母自锁螺母Lockingbydeformationofthelockingagent
13、.通过锁紧零件的变形锁紧零件通过锁紧零件的变形锁紧零件锁紧零件锁紧零件Remainingtypesoflockingagent.其他类型其他类型.Lockingbyexercisingaforce利用附加力防松利用附加力防松Lockingbyexercisingaforcecanberealisedasfollows:Inthelongitudinaldirectionbyspringwashers.利用弹性垫圈进行纵向防松利用弹性垫圈进行纵向防松弹簧垫圈的应用弹簧垫圈的应用Spring washers with rectangular cross-section 矩形截面弹簧垫圈矩形截面弹簧
14、垫圈Round, arched and corrugated spring washers 球面垫圈，弓形垫圈和波形垫圈球面垫圈，弓形垫圈和波形垫圈Lockingbyexercisingaforce利用附加力防松利用附加力防松球面弹性垫圈球面弹性垫圈波形弹性垫圈波形弹性垫圈Toothed spring washers有齿有齿锁紧垫圈锁紧垫圈Lockingbyexercisingaforce利用附加力防松利用附加力防松有齿锁紧垫圈有齿锁紧垫圈锥形锁紧垫圈锥形锁紧垫圈Self-locking nuts自锁螺母自锁螺母Lockingbyexercisingaforce利用附加力防松利用附加力防松用自
15、锁螺母锁紧用自锁螺母锁紧锁紧锁紧未锁紧未锁紧Inthecrossdirectionbyself-lockingnuts.利用自锁螺母进行横向防松利用自锁螺母进行横向防松Lockingbyexercisingaforce利用附加力防松利用附加力防松InbothdirectionsbyDUBOlockingspringwashersorbypawlnuts用用DUBO弹簧垫圈或弹簧垫圈或扣紧扣紧螺母进行两个方向的防松螺母进行两个方向的防松用用扣紧螺母锁紧扣紧螺母锁紧DUBO锁紧弹性垫圈和杯形弹性垫圈锁紧弹性垫圈和杯形弹性垫圈紧固前紧固前Lockingbydeformingthelockingage
16、nt利用防松元件的变形防松利用防松元件的变形防松Lug locking plates带耳止动垫片带耳止动垫片止动垫片的应用止动垫片的应用截止截止Lockingbydeformingthelockingagent利用防松元件的变形防松利用防松元件的变形防松Lockingbydeformingthelockingagent利用防松元件的变形防松利用防松元件的变形防松止动垫片用于轴承装配中止动垫片用于轴承装配中Ridge locking plates外舌外舌止止动动垫片垫片Lockingbydeformingthelockingagent利用防松元件的变形防松利用防松元件的变形防松外舌止动垫片外舌止
17、动垫片Multiple locking plates 多多折止折止动动垫片垫片Lockingbydeformingthelockingagent利用防松元件的变形防松利用防松元件的变形防松三折止动垫片三折止动垫片Ridge retaining rings 带舌定位环带舌定位环 Lockingbydeformingthelockingagent利用防松元件的变形防松利用防松元件的变形防松Remainingtypesoflockingagents 其它类型其它类型Castellated nut with split pin 开口销与带槽螺母开口销与带槽螺母开口销的应用开口销的应用 Locking
18、wire锁紧钢丝锁紧钢丝 Remainingtypesoflockingagents 其它类型其它类型锁紧钢丝的应用锁紧钢丝的应用 Remainingtypesoflockingagents 其它类型其它类型Liquid locking agents 粘合法防松粘合法防松Locking plates 止动垫片止动垫片Adjusting rings 调整环调整环Lockingagentsforshaftsandbores轴和孔用锁紧零件轴和孔用锁紧零件Lockingagentsforshaftsandbores轴和孔用锁紧零件轴和孔用锁紧零件弹性张开弹性张开Stretched弹性挡圈的弹性弹性挡
19、圈的弹性Spring retainers for shafts 轴用弹性挡圈轴用弹性挡圈Lockingagentsforshaftsandbores轴和孔用锁紧零件轴和孔用锁紧零件1.带斜角的孔用弹性挡圈带斜角的孔用弹性挡圈.2.轴用弯曲弹性挡圈轴用弯曲弹性挡圈.3.孔用弹性挡圈孔用弹性挡圈.4.轴用弹性挡圈轴用弹性挡圈.弹性挡圈的各类应用弹性挡圈的各类应用Lockingagentsforshaftsandbores轴和孔用锁紧零件轴和孔用锁紧零件Spring retainers for bores 孔用孔用弹性挡圈弹性挡圈孔用弹性挡圈孔用弹性挡圈 Lockingagentsforshafts
20、andbores轴和孔用锁紧零件轴和孔用锁紧零件Spring clips 弹性夹弹性夹装配与拆卸装配与拆卸Lockingagentsforshaftsandbores轴和孔用锁紧零件轴和孔用锁紧零件Lockingagentsforshaftsandbores轴和孔用锁紧零件轴和孔用锁紧零件弹簧夹的应用弹簧夹的应用弹簧夹的应用弹簧夹的应用Lockingagentsforshaftsandbores轴和孔用锁紧零件轴和孔用锁紧零件Locking pins销销Somepracticaltipswithassemblinganddisassemblingretainingrings弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸
21、工具弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具Springwashersandtoothedspringwashers弹性垫圈和有齿弹性垫圈弹性垫圈和有齿弹性垫圈Donotusespringwasherswithupwardbentendsunlesstheyarenecessary.Thedamageresultingfromthemillingactionwillonlyincreasewithrepeateduse.尽可能不要弯曲弹簧垫圈的开口端，否则会导致连接件表尽可能不要弯曲弹簧垫圈的开口端，否则会导致连接件表面被子划伤。面被子划伤。Somepracticaltipswithassemblingand
22、disassemblingretainingrings弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具Selectthecorrecttypeofspringwasherfortheconstruction.Cylindricalcounterboredboltsrequireadifferentspringwasherthancountersunkboltjoints.根据结构选择合适的弹性垫圈，圆柱沉头螺栓和圆锥沉根据结构选择合适的弹性垫圈，圆柱沉头螺栓和圆锥沉头孔所需要的弹性垫圈是不同的。头孔所需要的弹性垫圈是不同的。Somepracticaltipswithassemblingandd
23、isassemblingretainingrings弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具Payattentionthatthetoothingoftoothedspringwashersactuallymakecontactwiththecontactsurfacesofthepartstobejoined.Forexample,withtoolargeboltholes,useaflattoothedspringwasherwithinternalorexternaltoothing.必须注意把有齿弹性垫圈的齿与连接件的表面接触。如，必须注意把有齿弹性垫圈的齿与连接件的表面接触。
24、如，对于大螺栓孔，利用一个有内齿或外齿的平齿形弹性垫圈。对于大螺栓孔，利用一个有内齿或外齿的平齿形弹性垫圈。Somepracticaltipswithassemblinganddisassemblingretainingrings弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具DUBOlockingspringwashersDUBO弹性垫圈弹性垫圈Thenutmustbetighteneduntiltheouterthickeningoftheringisdeformedandhasrisenaroundthehexagonofthenut.Theboltthenhasthenormalpre
25、stressandthenutiscompletelylocked.Excessivetighteningofthenutiswrong!Castellatednutwithsplitpin开口销和带槽螺母开口销和带槽螺母Somepracticaltipswithassemblinganddisassemblingretainingrings弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具Somepracticaltipswithassemblinganddisassemblingretainingrings弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具Liquidlockingagents
26、液体防松剂液体防松剂The following applies to locking by means of liquid synthetic resin（合成树脂）:the better the contact faces touch each other, the thinner the adhesive layer becomes, and the better the joint is. Contact faces must be properly clean and free of grease. Cleaning can be done with specially product
27、s. A slightly rough surface increases the strength. Somepracticaltipswithassemblinganddisassemblingretainingrings弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具Springretainers弹性挡圈弹性挡圈Somepracticaltipswithassemblinganddisassemblingretainingrings弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具Thethicknessofspringretainers(s)hasatoleranceofh11,whil
28、etheinnerdiameterd3ofanexternalclampingringhasatoleranceofh12andtheoutsidediameterd3ofaninternalclampingringwithH12Somepracticaltipswithassemblinganddisassemblingretainingrings弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具对中边对中边心轴心轴Mandrel导套导套对中边对中边带对中边的辅助工具带对中边的辅助工具 Somepracticaltipswithassemblinganddisassemblingretaini
29、ngrings弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具带凹槽的心轴带凹槽的心轴 Somepracticaltipswithassemblinganddisassemblingretainingrings弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具PlacingspringretainersWhenthegroovefortheretainingringisclosetotheendoftheshaftorbore,theringendsarefirstplacedintothegroove,andtheremainingportionoftheringisthenpressedal
30、ongthecircumferenceofthegroove.Inthisway,theringdistorts(扭曲扭曲)leastintheradialdirection.Howtotightboltsorscrews如何拧紧螺栓和螺钉如何拧紧螺栓和螺钉1、螺钉或螺母与工件贴合的表面要光洁、平整。、螺钉或螺母与工件贴合的表面要光洁、平整。2、要保持螺钉或螺母与接触表面的清洁。、要保持螺钉或螺母与接触表面的清洁。3、螺孔内的脏物应清理干净。、螺孔内的脏物应清理干净。4、成组的螺母在拧紧时要按一定的顺序进行。、成组的螺母在拧紧时要按一定的顺序进行。Howtotightboltsorscrews
31、如何拧紧螺栓和螺钉如何拧紧螺栓和螺钉Howtotightboltsorscrews如何拧紧螺栓和螺钉如何拧紧螺栓和螺钉5、拧紧成组螺母时要做到分次逐步拧紧。（一般不、拧紧成组螺母时要做到分次逐步拧紧。（一般不少于三次）。少于三次）。6、必须按一定的拧紧力矩拧紧。、必须按一定的拧紧力矩拧紧。7、凡有振动或受冲击力的螺纹联接，都有必须采用、凡有振动或受冲击力的螺纹联接，都有必须采用防松装置。防松装置。Howtotightstufbolts如何拧紧双头螺柱如何拧紧双头螺柱1、应保证双头螺柱与机体螺纹的配合紧密性。、应保证双头螺柱与机体螺纹的配合紧密性。2、保证双头螺柱轴心线与机体表面垂直。、保证双头螺柱轴心线与机体表面垂直。3、装入双头螺柱时，必须先用润滑油将螺栓、螺孔进、装入双头螺柱时，必须先用润滑油将螺栓、螺孔进行润滑，以免拧入时产生咬住现象。行润滑，以免拧入时产生咬住现象。
