听说专题1——语音语调一、高中英语听说测试考核目标※ 能掌握基础语言知识和技能，用清楚、正确的语音、语调朗读中等难度的文章；※ 能运用语言功能和意念正确、流利地来进行询问和回答问题，提出请求和要求，提供解释，表明态度等；※ 能根据自己的经历和经验，对熟悉的话题表达观点和看法；※ 能叙述和描述生活中一些常见的活动和现象，并对它们进行简单的评论听说测试题型Speaking※ 朗读句子 朗读段落※ 情景提问 看图说话Listening and speaking※ 快速应答 ※ 听短文回答问题Speaking --- 朗读句子、朗读段落※ 正确理解句子和语段※ 处理好：重读※ 意群划分及停顿※ 连读、失爆等音的变化※ 语音语调 连读：连读大体分为四种：辅音+元音；r/re+元音；辅音+半元音；元音+元音Φ 辅音+元音型连读My name is Ann.He has an American accent.I’m an English boy.It is an old book.Once upon a time...Let me have a look at it.You need to turn in your homework by June eight.Φ r/re+元音型连读There is a book under it.I looked for it here and there.Here is a letter for you.Where is your apple?Φ 辅音+半元音型连读当半元音[y]紧跟辅音[t]、[d]、[s]、[z]时，连读后发生变音。
t+y Not yet. Can’t you dance? Don’t you like it? You will come back, won’t you? d+yDid you graduate?Would you do me a favour?What did you do?Could you find it? z+yHow’s your family?Who’s your boyfriend?Where’s your bag? Φ 元音+元音型连读当前一个单词以元音结尾， 相邻的后一个单词以元音开头时，发音时，我们在后单词前加[w]或[y]We write it like this:too oftenwho isso Ido allWe say it like this:too woftenwho wisso wIdo wallWe write it like this:I amKay isthe endshe askedWe say it like this:I yamkay yisthe yendshe yasked 不完全爆破不完全爆破指的是句子中的爆破音（[p b t d k g]）在一定情况下不必爆破出来，就是说只需做好发音口型，气流在口腔中形成阻碍，稍作停顿后马上过渡到后面的音。
Φ 爆破音中的任意两个爆破音相邻时，前一爆破音失去爆破What a bi(g) car!Why do you still ride the ba(d) bike?Wha(t) time is it?The women in the re(d) coat was on a bla（ck）bike just now.Φ 爆破音中的任何一个后接摩擦音[f s θ ð]时，前一爆破音失去爆破He was asked to make u(p) for the loss.I didn’(t) say so.I don’t thin(k) that’s a bad theatre.Φ 爆破音后接[tʃ tr dr]We’d better seize the grea(t) chance.The shirt is qui(te) cheap.Would you like a cup of col(d) drink?Φ 爆破音后接[m n l]时，前一爆破音失去爆破Good morning, sir.The TV set is a bi(t） more expensive.The meeting ended a（t） nine las（t） night.单词重音英语和汉语不同，汉字都有声调，学好汉字必须先弄清楚每个字的声调。
而学好英语单词，除了掌握每个音怎么发外，还必须掌握英语单词的另一个特征，就是词重音句子中哪些单词该重读呢？通常我们将词汇归纳为两类，内容词汇(content words)和功能词汇(functional words)，内容词汇一般需要重读，功能词汇需要弱读内容词汇包括：·名词·动词（助动词除外，除非强调助动词的意义，如：I do have finished my job by myself.）·形容词·副词功能词汇包括：·限定词（the,a,some,a few）·助动词（don’t,am,can,were）·介词（before, next to,opposite）·连词（but,while,as）·代词（they,she,us）句子重音一句话的真正含义应包括词汇意义和语调意义同样一句话，说话者的语调发生变化，意思也随之变化要掌握英语句子的语调规则，最简单的就是重读你想要表达的成分，也就是在发音的长度和强度上相对提高，形成句子的语调波峰通常，只要确定一句话的波峰，我们就可以了解说话人的意思接下来，我们以两个句子为例，加深句子重音对句子意思界定的重要性This is the New York Times.·This is the New York Times.（表示这份，而不是那份。
·This is the New York Times.（强调这份确实是·This is the New York Times.（表示这是《纽约时报》，不是《娱乐周刊》或其他报刊杂志 May I see the comics? · May I see the comics?（加深请求的语气· May I see the comics?（不是别人，是我· May I see the comics?（能不能让我看漫画，而不是做别的事情· May I see the comics?（想看的连环漫画，而不是其他句子重音的归纳和运用 新信息X: I’ve lost an umbrella. Y: A lady’s umbrella?X: Yes. A lady’s umbrella with stars on it, red stars.这个例子充分体现了区别新、旧信息的意义和发音方法----重音很明显，umbrella在第一句话中是新信息，因此是该句的重音部分；a lady’s 在第二句中是新信息，童谣重读；第三句中，它们都变成旧信息，而stars 和red则因为是新信息而成为重音部分。
对比(1) A: Have you painted the living-room pink? B: No, I’ve painted the bathroom pink.(2) She found the exam very difficult, but he found it easy.重复 A：What job would you like to apply for?B: What job would you like to apply for?（↗）A: What about manager?B: Manager?（↗） Well, are you kidding me? I just graduated this year?A: It doesn’t matter.B: It doesn’t matter?（↗）重复整个句子或句子的某个部分，且文具读作声调，表示讯问或思考；如果读作升-降调，则表示感叹、吃惊重复除了表示疑问外，还可以表达惊叹、感叹的意思A: He’s got a five-million lottery prize.B: ↗↘Five million!语 调 陈述句(1) I’m going to ↘London next month.（陈述事实用降调。
2) I’m going to ↗↘London next month.（升-降调则表现出激动、兴奋的情绪3) 语调的变化还可以表达出说话人就事实是否跟自己的预料一致做出的反应A: Do you like skiing?B: Yes, I do.A: I ↘thought you ↗did. (句子读作降-升调，表示和我预想的一样)OR:A: Do you like skiing?B: Yes, I do.A: I ↗thought you ↘did. (句子读作升-降调，表示我以为你喜欢，但事实上你不喜欢，真出乎我的意料)反诘句(1) Isn’t it ↘beautiful?(言下之意是Of course it is beautiful.)(2) Didn’t I tell you that be↘fore?反诘句读作降调，它们是不需要回答的，因为答案显而易见它们多用来强调，近似于感叹3) If winter ↗comes, can spring be far be↘hind?祈使句(1) Open the↘ door, please.（命令）(2) Open the ↗door, please.（礼貌的请求）课堂精练： I. Practise the linking of words in the following sentences. Speaking out loud is best. Then listen and repeat.1. LA2. Line up.3. Not so good.4. 409025. My dog is a lovely one.6. Once upon a time...7. I’m afraid of a snake.8. And that is exactly what happened.9. He pulled a bunch of daisies from behind his back.10. On the top of the head of the table was a large pile of apples.11. Why are so many people so anxious to get away from the small town of village where they were brought up, and to make for the big cities.12. We start to get a clue about what i。