嘉兴英语教学网 收集整理 欢迎使用第22章 简单句和并列句一.概念 (一)简单句由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)所构成的句子叫简单句，其结构是主语+ 谓语(二)并列句由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句常用的连词有and,but,or not only...but also,neither...nor,either...or 二.相关知识点精讲(一)简单句 1.主语、谓语在人称与数上的一致性 and连接两个并列主语时为复数，谓语动词也相应地使用复数形式，但： (1)如果and连接的两个名词是不可数名词且前面都没有冠词，若两个词表示一个事物或一个概念，谓语动词要用单数；如果两个词表示的是两个事物或两个概念，谓语动词则要用复数 (2)如果and连接的是两个可数单数名词，前一个有冠词，后一个没有冠词，意味着一个人或 事物，谓语动词要用单数 (3)当and连接的两个名词前都有each，every，many a，no等单数概念的限定词修饰时(第二个名词前的修饰词有时可以省略)，谓语动词要用单数。
2.陈述句与疑问句的转换3.选择疑问句4.反意疑问句(1)陈述句+省略问句(2)祈使句+附加疑问句(1) 反意疑问句的回答(二)并列句 并列句分为:联合并列句,转折并列句,选择并列句和因果并列句1. 联合并列句常由并列词and, not only…but also…..等连接如: Use your hand, and you’ll find a way.2. 转折并列句常由并列连词but, while, yet, whereas, nevertheless等连接如:I would love to have gone to the 注:2,3,4点内容不在这里介绍,讲参阅相关章节party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.3. 选择疑问句常由并列连词or, otherwise, either…or…,等连接如:Either you leave this house or I’ll call the police4. 因果并列句由并列连词so, for, therefore 等连接.如: it was late, so we went home.5. 在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中,当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;前后意思为相反关系时,用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句,但必须将and 或or 去掉.如: Hurry up, and we’ll be there in time.= If we hurry up, we’ll be there in time.6. because和so; although, though和but 不能连用三.巩固练习1. I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer,＿＿＿? A. do I B. don’t I C. will they D. won’t they 2. ＿＿＿help if you can,and our country will improve more quickly and better. A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give 3. —— Lucy,you wash the dishes,＿＿＿ ? —— Mom,can’t Lily do it? It’s her turn to do it. A. don’t you B. can you C. shall you D. will you4. —— I will not take an umbrella with me today. — ＿＿＿＿＿it rains later on in the day? A. How B. What C. How about D. What if 5. —— You ought to stay up late tonight,＿＿＿＿ you? —— Yes. I’ve got too much homework. A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. won’t6. Nothing can stop us from serving the people heart and soul,＿＿＿＿? A. can it B. can’t it C. can they D. can’t they7. There used to be a church in the small town,＿＿＿＿＿? A. used there B. usedn’t there C. used it D. usedn’t it8. —— She isn’t your neighbour, is she? —— ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿. A. Yes,she isn’t B. No,she is C. Yes,she is D. No,isn’t she9. —— ＿＿＿＿＿＿ to be a PLA soldier when I was young. —— And now you are. A. How I wanted B. How did I want C. What I wanted D. What did I want10. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,＿＿＿＿was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of that 11. After ten years,she changed a lot and looked different from＿＿＿she used to be. A. that B. whom C. what D. who12. ＿＿＿＿is known to everyone,the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 13. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation＿＿＿he is likely to lose control over the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. why14. Information has been put forward＿＿＿more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as 15. What the doctors really doubt is＿＿＿＿my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. what 16. The students of the music school study ＿＿＿＿. A. music but also some other subjects B. some other subjects as well as music C. music as well as some other subjects D. some other subjects and music17. ＿＿＿air is to man,so is water to fish. A. Since B. Just C. Like D. As 18. There is plenty of rain in the south ＿＿ there is little in the north. A. while B. as C. when D. so 19. ＿＿＿several times about it,but he could not give the correct answer. A. Being asked B. Having been asked C. He would ask D. He had been asked 20. —— I don’t like chicken ＿＿＿ fish. —— I don’t like chicken,＿＿＿I like fish very much. A. and； and B. and； but C. or； but D. or； and21. ＿＿＿the days went on,the situation there got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As 22. ＿＿＿everybody is here,let’s set out right away. A. Now that B. Because C. For D. After 23. The science of medicine,＿＿＿progress has been very rapid lately, is perhaps the most important of all the sciences. A. to which B. in which C. which D. with which24. We must do the experiment carefully ＿＿＿Miss Liu told us. A. what 。