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1、阅读理解推理判断题满分对策 原卷版阅读理解推理判断题命题规律探究一、推理判断题解题三步曲 1定位信息：通过寻读找到相关信息点。2字面理解：理解相关信息点字面意义。3深层理解：进而理解作者的言外之意。二、推理判断题干扰项特征1. 似是而非：只是对原文信息简单重述，而不是依据文章提供事实依据推断出来的结论。2. 夸大事实：对文章的事实或证据进行夸大；有时，选项内容与原文一致无需推断。3. 推理过度：选项往往过于绝对化或片面化(以偏概全)，有时会出现only, all等词语。4. 掺入常识：根据考生已有常识是正确的，但不是根据文章中的证据推断出来的结论。三、推理判断题五大解题技巧1抓特定信息，逆向或
2、正向推理。抓住关键词或短语利用逆向思维或正面推理。2整合全文(段)信息进行推断。整合与题目相关的信息，综合推理判断定结论。3利用语境的褒贬性进行推断。考虑主人公特定心理和情绪状态褒贬性来推断。4根据文章的结论推断作者的态度。作者思想倾向和感情色彩隐含在字里行间。5根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。严格根据文章中所陈述的事实论点例证来推理。阅读理解推理判断题分类点拨题型一：人物态度推断题词汇点拨：一是乐观支持类：positive肯定的favorable 支持的，赞同的supportive支持的approval赞成的 二是客观中立类：objective客观的neutral中立的cautious谨慎的 三是
3、消极反对类：negative否定的opposite相反的unfair公正的doubtful怀疑的indifferent漠不关心的critical批评的ironic讽刺的。方法点拨：第一，不要加入自己的态度。第二，要学会根据作者在文章中所运用词汇的褒贬性去判断作者的态度，尤其是动词、形容词和副词，如wonderfully, successfully, unfortunately, doubtfully 等。典例1: Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news? All I read about is murder, bribery(行贿), a
4、nd death. Frankly, Im sick of all this bad news.1. This authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _.A. complain B. apologize C. amuse D. inform典例2: Laughing is essential to keep your stress levels under control. Without humor we would find ourselves with a lot of psychological problems,
5、 or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy. There is too much sadness in this present world. It drives people crazy. We all need to find a way to bypass the sadness and bring a little light into our lives. So, I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have s
6、ome fun laughing together.2. What is the writers attitude towards the present world?A. Positive B. Critical C. Satisfied D. Indifferent典例3: The theories of modern psychology have stepped in to argue that we must understand the needs of our children. Children are not just small adults; they are child
7、ren who must be respected as such. Well, you may say, this is as it should be, and a good idea. But think further. What happens? “Education” becomes the responsibility not of teachers, but of psychologists. What happens then?3. What is the authors attitude toward the theories of modern psychology?A.
8、 Uninterested B. Tolerant C. Satisfied D. Critical典例4: New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has become smaller. Its now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communi
9、cations equipment is greatly increased by foreign language skills.4. What is the authors attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?A. Critical B. Prejudiced C. Indifferent.D. Positive典例5: (2021新高考全国D片段) Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research
10、 can reasonably support，the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis(重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of em
11、otional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life. 5. What is the authors attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence? A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear. 题型二：
12、文章出处推断题。技巧点拨：这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处：旅游指南类文章(a travel guide)：此类文章旨在介绍某一旅游景点的自然景观和人文特色，目的是吸引游客来访。广告英语类文章(an advertisement)：现代生活中广告无处不在，英语阅读理解也是如此。有时会考查微型海报、通知、启示、时刻表、图表等。课件展示类文章(a class presentation)：此类文章往往紧扣主题，口语性强、语言活泼，形式新颖，伴随有图片、图表、文字介绍等信息。网络网页类文章(an Internet page)：此类文章往往会提供超级链接标志，如For more informati
13、on, please click here.新闻报道类文章(a news report)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及人物、时政、教育、体育、科技等，突出新颖性、突发性和真实性。新闻呈“倒金字塔”结构，第一段概括全文内容，下面陈述细节。研究报告类文章(a research paper)：此类文章重点介绍科技领域最新研究成果：新发现、新思想、新发明。第一段概括介绍，然后分段陈述。文章结构严谨，语言规范，句式复杂。图书评论类文章(a book review)：书评、影评类文章涉及到作者介绍，内容梗概、人物性格评论，写作特色以及个人好恶等内容。科普杂志类文章(a science magazine)：此类文
14、章内容广泛，涉及到日常生活习惯、健康饮食、太空与海洋、创造与发明、计算机发展、人类未来、动物世界等。其重点是普及科学知识，提高科学素养。典例6: Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you know what is meant by “Take only as directed?” Read the following directions and see if you understand them.To reduce pain, take two tablets(药片) with water
15、, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief (缓解疼痛) take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours. For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount . For children under six years old, ask your doctors advice. Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.6. This text is most probably taken from a _. A. textbook B. newsreel(新闻电影) C. doctors notebook D. bottle of medicine 典例7: Want to know more about global warming and how you can
