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1、短文改错专题短文改错常见错误类型1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点 常见动词错误类型有 一般现在时与一般过去时错用； and 前后动词时态不一致; 主谓不一致; 缺少动词,特别是be动词; 第三人称单数形式错用; 主动语态和被动语态错用。1）They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies.（did 改为do 属于 ）2）As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and
2、told stories. (visiting 改为 visited错误类型属于) 3） There will an important game next month.(will后加be错误类型属于) 4）One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.( 主谓不一致)2. 名词的常见错误 单复数名词错用；注意区分名词是可数还是不可数；或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。 Ill get good marks in all my subject.（subject 改为subjects）
3、 Their word were a great encouragement to me.（word 改为words） Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well.（knowledges改为knowledge）3. 连词错误 连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/ or/but等（一般考查从句关系 who/ whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether ） I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式改为wh
4、ose) I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并列的关系而非转折，but改为 and) Clever as she is, but she works very hard. When I was a child, rain was a mystery. In one class, I learned it rained.4. 冠词错误 误用a和an（根据单词的因素来判定）；误用a 和the（固定搭配，各自单独使用的地方） 多余的冠词或则少冠词。 We may be one family and live u
5、nder a same roof. (a 改为the the same 是固定搭配) As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of pants.（mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以加 a ） My teacher advised me to keep my dairy. I hope you have pleasant journey.5. 形容词和副词错误1) 系动词后用形容词（be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词 smell /feel）2) 词性的误用 形容词修饰名词 修饰 实
6、义动词，形容词和副词，过去分词用副词 Im sure well have a wonderfully time together. （time是名词 所以要用形容词wonderful修饰） My pronunciation was terribly.6. 代词错误 1）代词的主格和宾格（I / me; He/him; She/ her; We/ us ;They/ them ）2）反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）3）代词的单数和复数4）多余的代词和少代词 Soon I began to enjoy talkin
7、g to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (express oneself, me 改为 myself ) One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (加it) If any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. Whats more , you have to be friends with yo
8、ur pupils and take good care of him.7. 非谓语动词的常见错误1）不定式，动名词作主语，宾语。2）and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时），3）介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语。4）某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was. (enjoy 后需接动名词 talk-talking) But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(作主语改为 go
9、ing ) Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees.8. 介词错误1）词组中的介词误用，2）介词意思理解偏差，3）介词的多用或少用 There are too many people among my family. （among 改为in
10、in my family 为固定搭配） I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. （去掉 at ）9 习惯用法要记住主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。 例如：It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and of We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves.
11、 of10 逻辑错误须关注与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。例如：The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. theirFirst, let me tell you something more about myself. 去掉more no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead. everyone除了上述错误类
12、型外，常考的错误形式还有：连词but, and, or和so的用法错误（可以归类为逻辑错误），以及冠词的用法错误等。例如：She was smiling but nodding at me. andIt looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. orWe may be one family and live under a same roof. the短文改错解题思路和检查原则 1）句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词；（句子结构与句子成分）2）谓语动词的时态、语态；3）非谓语动词的用法；4）名词的单、复数，
13、格的使用是否正确；5）定冠词和不定冠词是否正确；6）代词的格和性的使用是否有误；7）定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误；8）并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。短文改错解题四原则1）改动以最少为原则 2）虚词以添加或删除为原则 3）实词以改变词形为原则4）以保持句子原意为原则 短文改错解题步骤1）通读全文，掌握大意 2）整句分析，逐行推敲3）反复通读，复查验证 改错专项练习Passage 1It was 7:15 in the morning of February 8, 2007I was walking along Park Road towards the east
14、 whilean old man came out of the park on the other sides of thestreet Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third Street and madea right turn into Park Road The next moment the car hitthe man while she was crossing the road He fell with a cryThe car didnt stop and drive off at full speed heading westI no
15、ticed the driver was young woman wore a pair of glasses and the platenumber was AC864 After two minutes later, I stoppeda passed car and took the old man to the nearest hospital Passage 2I often quarrel about my mother over whether I can watch TV after school. She holds view that senior three students have to make fully use of every minute to work hard at their lessons. It seems to me that once I am allowed to do that,
