返回目录,英,语,聚焦语法,第11讲名词性从句,思维导图,考点精讲,.,名词性从句的概念：,名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子，它的功能相当于名词词组，在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句名词性从句中连接词的使用问题,类别,词义,在句中充当的成分,附注,从属连词,that,无,无,有时可以省略,类别,词义,在句中充当的成分,附注,从属连词,whether/if,是否,无,下列情况只能用,whether,，不用,if,：主语从句置于句首时；介词的宾语从句；后有,or not,；动词不定式前；引导表语从句时,as if/as though,似乎，仿佛,无,表语从句的引导词之一,类别,词义,在句中充当的成分,附注,连接代词,who,谁,主语、宾语,源于疑问代词，指代人或事物其后可与ever组合加强语气（whose除外）例：whoever（无论谁）；whatever（无论什么，凡是的）；whichever（无论哪一个，无论哪些）,whom,谁,宾语,whose,谁的,定语,what,什么，,所的事物,主语、宾语、表语,which,哪个，哪些,主语、定语、表语,类别,词义,在句中充当的成分,附注,连接副词,when,何时，,的时候,时间状语,源于疑问副词，同样可与,ever,组合加强语气（,why,除外）。
例：,whenever,（无论什么时候）；,wherever,（无论何地）；,however,（无论如何）,where,（在）哪里，,的地方,地点状语,why,为什么，,的原因,原因状语,how,怎样，,的方式,方式状语,.,名词性从句的类型及用法说明,类别,讲解,例句,主语从句,为了使句子结构保持平衡，常用,it,代替主语从句作形式主语置于句首，而将主语从句移至句末（特别当,that,、,whether/if,等词引导主语从句时），由此形成几种句型，常见的有,4,种：,A,：,it is,n,.(a pity,a fact,a pleasure),that,B,：,it is,adj,.(necessary,strange,likely),that,C,：,it is,v,.ed(considered,supposed,hoped),that,D,：,it happened that,That,he will come to the discussion is certain.It is certain,that,he will come to the discussion.,他肯定会来参加讨论。
It is common knowledge,that,drug abuse leads to harmful consequences.,药物滥用会导致有害的结果，这是常识It is likely,that,you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.,如果你继续吸烟，你的健康可能会受到损害It is estimated,that,80%of all conversation in English is small talk.,据估计，英语中,80%,的谈话都是闲谈It happened,that,I was out when he came.,他来的时候碰巧我出去了名词性从句的类型及用法说明,类别,讲解,例句,主语从句,whether,、,if,引导主语从句时意思相同，但,if,从句不能置于句首,wh,词（即连接代词,/,副词）引导的名词性从句要用陈述句的语序,Whether,the school sports meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.,学校运动会是否会延期还没有决定下来。
Where,we shall do the test is still under discussion.,我们在什么地方做这个测验还在讨论中类别,讲解,例句,表语从句,as if/as though,作连词引导表语从句，谓语动词可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气,主句的主语为名词,reason,时，表语从句中的连接词要用,that,，不用,why,或,because,主句的主语是,idea,、,advice,、,suggestion,、,proposal,、,order,、,request,、,requirement,等名词时，表语从句的谓语常用虚拟语气,(should)do,的形式,The thick smog covered the whole city.It was,as if/as though,a great black blanket had been thrown over it.,厚重的烟雾覆盖着整座城市好像一张巨大的黑色毯子被扔到它的上面The reason for such a serious accident is,that,the driver was too careless and drank too much.,发生这样严重事故的原因就是司机太粗心而且喝了太多的酒。
My proposal is,that,you should make good use of your time.,我的建议是你该好好利用你的时间类别,讲解,例句,宾语从句,a.,作动词的宾语（动宾），即,“,动词宾语从句,”,b,.,动词（,advise,、,ask,、,inform,、,remind,、,show,、,promise,等）间接宾语宾语从句,作介词的宾语（介宾），即,“,介词宾语从句,”,，有时还会碰到,“,介词（短语）,it,that”,结构,作形容词的宾语，即,“,形容词宾语从句,”,I know,that,he is friendly and hospitable.,我知道他很友好而且好客She promised us,that,she would give us more help later on.,她答应我们她以后会给予我们更多的帮助I know nothing about the matter,except what,you told me.,除了你告诉我的情况以外，对此事我一无所知You may depend on,it that,they will support you.,你放心，他们会支持你的。
I am not certain,that,I have met him before.,我不敢肯定我以前见过他类别,讲解,例句,宾语从句,it,作形式宾语：,a,.,常见的动词（,believe,、,consider,、,feel,、,find,、,know,、,make,、,prove,等）,it,宾语补足语,that,引导的宾语从句,b,.,一些表喜怒哀乐的动词（,like,、,love,、,enjoy,、,appreciate,、,dislike,、,hate,等）,it,宾语从句,c,.,动词,it,介词短语,that,引导的宾语从句,I thought,it,strange,that,he didnt come yesterday.,让我感到奇怪的是，他昨天没来I enjoy,it when,the sun shines brightly and then I can take a walk on the beach.,我喜欢阳光灿烂时在海边沙滩上散步Id appreciate,it if,you would like to teach me how to use the computer.,如果你能教我如何使用电脑，我将不胜感激。
I hate,it that,everybody failed the exam.,我不喜欢大家考试都不及格Keep,it,in mind,that,you have to be home by ten oclock.,记住，你必须在十点前回家类别,讲解,例句,宾语从句,that引导的宾语从句：,that,引导宾语从句时，往往可以省略，但涉及多个并列宾语从句时，只有第一个,that,可以省略,否定转移：当谓语动词是,think,、,consider,、,suppose,、,believe,、,expect,、,guess,、,imagine,等，主句是第一人称的,一般现在时时，如果从句谓语是否定的，常将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句用肯定形式,如果宾语从句为一般客观事实、真理，不管主句什么时态，宾语从句一律用一般现在时,He said(that)you neednt worry and,that,he would help you.,他说你不必担心，他会帮助你的I,dont,think he can do it better than me.,我认为他不可能做得比我更好The teacher said,that,the sun,rises,in the east.,老师说太阳从东方升起。
类别,讲解,例句,同,位,语,从,句,同位语从句是解释其前面名词的内容，与名词构成平起平坐的关系后接同位语从句的往往是具有一定内容含义的抽象名词如,fact,、,belief,、,thought,、,truth,、,idea,、,news,、,hope,、,doubt,、,suggestion,、,evidence,、,promise,、,message,、,information,、,possibility,、,decision,、,conclusion,、,warning,、,order,、,rule,、,instruction,、,question,等,同位语从句通常由,that,引导，也可由,whether,、,when,、,which,、,who,、,how,、,what,、,why,等连接词引导,同位语从句有时不是紧跟在有关的名词后面，而是被其他的词隔开了,Ive got a belief,that,one day hell be famous.,我相信总有一天他会出名的I have no idea,what,hes talking about.,我不知道他在说些什么I have no idea,when,he will be back.,我不知道他何时回来。
I have no idea,which,dictionary is hers.,我不知道哪一本字典是她的The question came up at the meeting,whether,we had enough money for our research.,会上提出了我们的研究经费是否足够的问题。