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1、第一节 名词,第一部分 语法精讲精练,考点突破,考点一 可数名词及其单复数 考点二 不可数名词 考点三 名词所有格,目录,考点突破,名词是表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念名称的词。从名词所表示的事物的性质看，可以分为可数名词和不可数名词两类。可数名词有复数形式，不可数名词一般没有复数形式。从名词的类别看，个体名词和集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词是不可数名词。可数名词的单数形式一般可以用不定冠词(a，an)修饰；不可数名词一般不能用不定冠词(a，an)修饰。,1.可数名词的复数形式的构成,3.个别名词单数形式和复数形式是一样的。如:sheep，deer，fish，Chinese等。 4
2、.“某国人”变复数口诀：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面。如： ChineseChinese, JapaneseJapanese; EnglishmanEnglishmen, FrenchmanFrenchmen; AmericanAmericans,German,5.集体名词:表示由若干个体组成的集合体。如：family，class，team，group，army等。 集体名词作主语，如视为整体，谓语动词用单数。如视为个体成员，谓语动词用复数。如: Our team needs money to play in another city.我们队需要钱去另一个城市比赛。,6.只能用复数形式的名词：
3、trousers，clothes，people, police, cattle。 7.由两个名词组成的复合名词常在最后一个名词变复数。如： a girl student two girl students an apple treefive apple trees 但如果第一个名词是man或woman时，两个名词都要变复数。如： a woman teacher ten women teachers a man nurse three men nurses,1. 不可数名词通常无复数形式。 2在没有量词的情况下，不可数名词前不能用a、an这两个不定冠词。 3.不可数名词的量 不可数名词要表示“一
4、件”、“一个”等“量”的概念时，要用“数词+表示数量的名词+of+名词”来表示。如： a piece of paper(一张纸) two pieces of paper(两张纸),five cups of tea(五杯茶) a bottle of juice(一杯果汁) four bottles of juice(四杯果汁) 4.某些名词，表示物质或抽象概念时是不可数的，而在表示个体概念时是可数的。如: A glass is made of glass.玻璃杯是由玻璃制成的。句中的第一个glass是玻璃杯，是个体名词，是可数的。第二个glass意思是玻璃，是物质名词，就是不可数的了。 再如:p
5、aper(纸)不可数，a paper(报纸，论文，试卷)可数。,名词所有格用来表示名词和名词之间的所属关系。 1.表示有生命名词的所有格，单数形式是加s，复数形式加s。如:students rooms，fathers shoes。 2.表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格用s。如:a twenty minutes walk，ten miles journey，two pounds weight，ten dollars worth。,3.无生命名词的所有格则用of结构。如:a map of China，the end of this term，the capital of
6、our country。 4.表示共同所有的名词，只需在最后一个名词后加s。如：Tom and Mikes room表示汤姆和迈克共有的一间房。 表示分别所有的名词，需在每个名词后都加s。如：Marys and Jennys bikes表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车。,5.双重所有格 a friend of my mothers我妈妈的一个朋友 a picture of Toms汤姆的一张图片 6.表示商铺、某人的家、诊所或餐馆等的名词所有格，其后的名词可以省略。如：at my uncles在我叔叔的家里 at the doctors在医生的诊所里,巧学妙记 名词所有格，某物是“谁的”。 构成有方
7、法，多数把s加。 复数词尾有s，只加“”即可。 名词无生命，常把of用。 时间、地点和距离，所有格多用s。,( )1.(导学号 44372000)(2016四川广安)Have you heard of Lin Zexu and Zhan Tianyou? Of course.They are our national _. A.hero B.heros C.heroes D.heros ( )2.(导学号 44372001)(2016云南昆明)Each couple in China can have two _from January 1st，2016. A.boy B.girl C.chi
8、ldren D.child,C,C,( )3.(导学号 44372002)(2016广西南宁)These _ in beautiful dresses will have a party this evening. A.man B.men C.woman D.women ( )4.(导学号 44372003)(2016四川绵阳)Do you want to be healthy? _ can help you stay healthy. A.Smile B.Smiling C.Smiles D.Smiled,D,A,( )5.(导学号 44372004)(2016湖北荆州)Can you te
9、ll me some_ about the Brazil Olympic Games? OK.Let me help you search the Internet. A.service B.information C.discussion D.success ( )6.(导学号 44372005)(2016新疆)This is _ bedroom.Its tidy and nice. A.Lilys and Lucys B.Lily and Lucys C.Lilys and Lucy D.Lily and Lucy,B,B,( )7.(导学号 44372006)(2016山东东营)Are
10、you sure this is a photo _, the famous comedy actress? It surprised you, didnt it? But she was once really thin. A.Jia Ling B.Jia Lings C.of Jia Ling D.of Jia Lings ( )8.(导学号 44372007)(2016重庆)Its sports time.Most _ students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground. A.boy B.boys C.boys D.boy
11、s,C,A,( )9.(导学号 44372008)(2016贵州安顺)Therell be a _ meeting next week，and my parents will _come for it. A.parents；all B.parents；both C.parents；all D.parents；both ( )10.(导学号 44372009)(2016甘肃天水)Its about _ from our school to my house. A.20 minutes walk B.20 minutes walk C.walk of 20 minutes D.20 minutes
12、 walks,B,A,( )11.(导学号 44372010)(2016安徽)Cathy has such a good _ that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year. A.sleep B.idea C.voice D.time ( )12.(导学号 44372011)(2016山东东营)Why do people never cut up the _ on their birthdays? Because they are a symbol of long life. A.eggs B.cakes C.noodles
13、 D.dumplings,C,C,( )13.(导学号 44372012)(2016湖北襄阳)Look! So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there. Theyre for public.This _ of green smart traffic is everywhere in Xiangyang City. A.number B.pair C.kind D.piece ( )14.(导学号 44372013)(2016重庆)Its hot today.Have some _, please. No, thanks.Im not thi
14、rsty at all. A.water B.potatoes C.bread D.cakes,C,A,( )15.(导学号 44372014)(2016江苏苏州)Steve Jobs was full of _always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society. A.instruction B.invitation C.introduction D.invention ( )16.(导学号 44372015)(2016天津)Every year many foreign friends come to s
15、ee the _of Tianjin, such as Tianjin Eye and Haihe River. A.concerts B.plays C.cartoons D.sights,D,D,( )17.(导学号 44372016)(2016山东泰安)What do you prefer for lunch, darling? Id like _ such as tomatoes, carrots or cabbages. A.meat B.eggs C.vegetables D.fruit ( )18.(导学号 44372017)(2016四川绵阳)He was born in Germany,but he has made China his _. A.Family B.address C.house D.home,C,D,( )19.(导学号 44372018)(2016湖北孝感)Mom, I will eat less fast food
