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1、Grammar动词的动词的- -inging形式形式形式主动动式被动动式一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done动名词动名词的否定形式：由动名词的否定形式：由not + not + 动名词动名词构成。构成。如：如：I regret not being able to help you.He was punished for not having finished his work.用法说明： (1)动名词的一般式表示动名词的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动 作之后或者两个动作同时发生。如：She likes watching footbal
2、l matches.I am looking forward to seeing you soon.(2)动名词的完成式表示动名词的动作发生在谓语动词表示的 动作之后前。如：I regret not having studied hard.He was praised for having done such rapid progress.(3) 动名词的主动式一般表示主动意义，即动名词的逻辑主语 和动名词之间是主动关系。如：I am interested in watching football matches.They think of going there in autumn.(4)动
3、名词的被动式表示被动意义，即动名词的逻辑主语和动 名词之间是被动关系。如：We hate being treated like that.He didnt regretted having been left alone at home by his father.(5) 动名词的复合结构：物主代词或名词所有 格与动名词连用，构成动名词的复合结构。 在口语和不太正式的英语中，这种结构如果不 用在句子开头，常用人称代词宾格代替 物主代词，用名词普通格代替所有格。如：He doesnt like me borrowing his bike.I dont remember my mother goi
4、ng there.(7)只能接动名词的及物动词：“霉咖啡不是”（megafeps）八个 词。mind, enjoy, give up, avoid, finish, excuse, practise, suggest.另外还有：miss, escape, advise. risk, appreciate, cant help, look forward to, stick to, devoteto, lead to, be used to, be worth doing, Its no use doing sth, It is no good doing sth. 等等。如：The wolf
5、missed being killed by the hunter.I couldnt risk missing the train.He couldnt help laughing at the words.It is not worth worrying about .It is no use talking.It is no good doing it.She devoted his life to teaching.（8）动词need, want, require, 和形容词worth 后 面的动名词的主动式表示被动意义。如：Your shoes need washing.The wi
6、ndows require cleaning.The book wants publishing,The film is well worth seeing.(9) 既可以接动名词也可以接不定式的动词如下：begin, start(意义相同), stop, remember, forget, regret, want, like, need, try.（意义不 同）(10) 动名词做定语表示名词的作用。如： a swimming pool, a sleeping car. 动名词练习 1.I suggest_(go) shopping this afternoon. 2.Do you enjo
7、y_(watch) TV? 3.We dislike _ (read) long articles. 4. Stop _(shout), its time for class. 5. I have finished _(write) the composition. 6. Do you mind my /me_(smoke) here? 7.They practise_(speak) English every day. 8. He is considering _(move) into the new house. 9.I advise _(go) to see a film. 10. Sh
8、e missed _(catch) the train.11.He escaped _(be) killed by the bad man. 12.They prefer _(walk) to _(cycle). 13.I hate _(tell) lies. 14. I remember_(see) the film last year. 15. He forgot _(lock) the door. He didnt need to have come back. 16.The little boy keeps _(cry) all the time. 17.My father is us
9、ed to _(live) in the country. 18. She is fond of _(play) the computer. 19. WE are good at _(describe) important events. 20.I dont feel like _(eat) anything.21. She is interested in _(organize) the meeting. 22. I dont care for _(travel) by bus. 23.He left home without _(say) anything. 24.He got down
10、to _(develop) his farm. 25.My uncle died from _(smoke). 26.The patient gave up _(eat) anything. 27.We came here in the hope of _(find) a job. 28. The gestures are accepted as _(have) the same meeting. 29.Men in China shake hands instead of _(kiss) 30. That will mean _(flood) some of our land.31.We a
11、re proud of _(be) Chinese. 32._(See) is believing. 33._(Collect) stamps is my hobby. 34._(Get) up early is very difficult, but going to bed is very easy. 35.It is no use_(argue) about it. 36. It is no good talking about it. 37.Please excuse my_(be) late. 38.He regret _(have) given you so much troubl
12、e. 39.He tried _(give) the little dog some milk. 40.The room needs _(clean). 41.The table requires _ (fix). 42.The film is worth _(see). 43 We are looking forward to _(see) you.现在分词（Present Participle）(又称-ing形式、现 在进行式) ，是分词的一种，分词又分为现在分词和 过去分词，它们都是非限定动词，即在句子里面不能 单独充当谓语，但能充当其它的一些成分（定语，表 语，补语和状语），并且它们具
13、有动词的性质，所以 又是类动词的一种。形式 主动动式被动动式一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done现在分词所有否定式都是在ing前面加not作定语 单个分词作定语时放在所修饰名词前; 分词短语作定语时放在 后,并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系, 这是区分 现在分词作定语和动名词作定语的判断方法之一 e.g. a running boy; the girl standing there 并且一般都可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句 e.g. a boy who is running a girl who is standing
14、there 注意：分词的完成时不可作定语 注意：在message letter sign news notice等词后 要用现在分词作定语 不用过去分词 这是考试的易错点 注意：某些现在分词作定语时 已不再表示动作 已经 从分词变为了形容词词性 interesting story an exciting match 这些也可以属于现在分词作定语 但是 不能转化为相应的定语从句 但是可以有三级变化（原级 比较级 最高级）和被某些副词如very修饰 作补语只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补 ）感官动词：see, hear, watch, feel, notice, observe, keep, fi
15、nd, listen to, look at ）使役动词：have, get, catch, leave, set值得注意的是：要想用现在分词来作宾补 只能是用于这 些词后 但是并不代表这些动词后的宾补形式都要用现在分 词（有些后面可以加不带to的不定式作宾补） eg.I saw him singing now. Dont have the students studying all day. 注意 ：宾语与作宾补充的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓 关系 即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者 至于 现在分词作主语补足语的情况只须知道上述动词的 被动语态形式中的现在分词作的是主补即可 无须深入 作表语(1) 分词作表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词作表 语，一种是过去分词作表语，究竟是用现在分词还 是用过去分词作表语是学生们经常困惑的地方。一 般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite，interest等 都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是 “使激动”、“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激 动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的” 和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人的”都是 ing形式，凡是表示“感到”都用ed形式。换句话 说，若人对感兴趣，
