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1、Unit1Unit1 LivingLiving withwith technologytechnology 语法讲解语法讲解Transitive verbs and intransitive verbs 动词的种类动词的种类 动词的种类比较复杂，大致可以根据其在句子中的功用分为及物动词与不及物动词， 连系动词介乎二者之间。 及物动词和不及物动词及物动词和不及物动词(Transitive(Transitive andand intransitiveintransitive verbs)verbs) 1. 及物动词要求有直接宾语。如：John Ford himself opened the doo
2、r to me. 2. 不及物动词则不需要宾语。如：The car stopped. 3. 及物动词可以有一个或两个（直接和间接）宾语或复合宾语。如：Mist clothed the hills. They gave him the first injection. 4. 只有及物动词可用于被动语态。如：The meeting will be held in the town hall. 5. 许多动词既可用作及物动词，又可用作不及物动词。如：He turned his horses head and rode away. Tom turned towards Maggie. 6. 有些不及物
3、动词有时可用作及物动词。如：He walked the horse to and fro. 7. 有些不及物动词用作及物动词时可后接同源宾语。如：Morell dreamed an extraordinary dream last night. 8. 有些动词形式相似，但一为及物动词，一为不及物动词，有 lay 与 lie，raise 与 rise，set 与 sit 等。如：Theyve raised a statue in memory of Robert Burns. The kite rises in the sky. 9. 有些及物动词常用作不及物动词以表示被动意义，这时主语往往是物
4、而不是人。如 The books sold out in a week.连系动词连系动词(linking(linking verbs)verbs) 1. 连系动词是一个表示谓语关系的动词。它必须后接表语。be 是最基本的连系动词。如：(1) It is not late. (2) Shelley was an atheist. (3) He had been in Germany for five years. (4) My idea is to go there right today. (5) The problem is finding the right house. (6) That
5、 was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 2. 常用的连系动词还有 appear，become，get，look，remain，seem 等。如：(7) Gradually he become silent. (8) Tennys face remained expressionless. (9) The dish smells good. (10) His explanation sounds all right. 3. 有些可以和形容词连用的动词也属于连系动词，有 blow open，blush red，break loos
6、e，grow worse，fall ill，stand quiet，turn pale 等。含被动意义的主动语态形式含被动意义的主动语态形式有些不及物动词（其主语大都指物）的主动语态可以表示被动意义。这种不及物动词有 下 列几种： 1）某些连系动词，如 smell，taste，sound，prove，feel 等。（1）The flowers smellsmell sweet.（2）The food tastestastes nice.（3）That soundssounds very reasonable.（4）The story provedproved quite false. 2）某些
7、与 cant，wont 等连用的不及物动词，如 move，lock，shut，open 等。（5）It cantcant move.（6）The door wontwont shut. 3）某些可和 well，easily 等副词连用的不及物动词，如 read，write，wash，clean，draw，burn，cook，photograph 等。（7）The cloth washeswashes well.（8）The poem readsreads smoothly.（9）The cistern doesnt cleanclean easily.（10）This kind of rice
8、 cookscooks more quickly than that kind. 4）某些可用于“主+谓+主补”结构中的不及物动词，如 wear，blow 等。（11）This material hashas wornworn thin.（12）The door blewblew open. 有些不及物动词的进行时亦具有被动意义。如：（13）Corn isis sellingselling briskly. 【注注】上述不及物动词有些亦可用作及物动词，但二者有所不同。如：上述不及物动词有些亦可用作及物动词，但二者有所不同。如：The door opened. The door was open
9、ed. 例强调 the door 本身内在的特性，表明“门”本身可开可关，不强调动作的执行者；例 则相反，强调“门被人打开了” ，与门本身的特性无关。练习：练习：1. Parents _ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift. A. attach B. pay C. link D. apply 2. How did you like Nicks performance last night?To be honest, his singing
10、 didnt_ to me much.A. appeal B. belong C. refer D. occur 3. The new movie_ to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time.A. promises B. agrees C. pretends D. opposes 4. Just as Professor Scotti often_ it, success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude.A. gets B. makes C. puts D. means 5. The Som
11、ali robbers frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to_ all nations to take immediate action.A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on 6. The good thing about children is that they_ very easily to new environments.A. adapt B. appeal C. attach D. apply 7. Are you happy with your ne
12、w computerNo, it is_ me a lot of trouble.A. showing B. leaving C. giving D. sparing 8. It was already past midnight and only three young men_ in the tea house.A. left B. remained C. delayed D. deserted 9. Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to_ a good teacher.A. make B. turn
13、 C. get D. grow 10. The doctor said jokingly that his own infection of the virus _ the discovery of a vaccine（疫苗）of the disease.A. stood for B. called for C. paid for D. contributed to 11.Shall I pick you up tonight?No, thanks. Dont _ to come. I can take a taxi.A. have B. bother C. worry D. annoy 12
14、. Many people are curious about what it was that _ you to leave America for China.A. led B. let C. made D. had 13. Now that you have accepted the task, the only thing you can de now is _ on how to fulfill it.A. reflect B. try C. think D. act 14. Why are the housing prices in big cities increasing？Be
15、cause people are _ in great numbers.A. breaking B. filling C. pouring D. hurrying 15. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _.A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made 16. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sounds at the end of the words _.A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped 17. Linda, make sure the tables _ before the guests arrive.A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting 18. Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blam
