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1、课外古诗词诵读,式微 诗经邶风 子衿 诗经郑风 送杜少府之任蜀州 王勃 望洞庭湖赠张丞相 孟浩然,式微,式微：天黑了。式：语气助词。胡：为什么。 微君：(如果)不是君主。微：(如果)不是。 中露：即露中，露水中。 躬：身体。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
2、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
3、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,式微,式微式微，胡不归？,天黑了天黑了，为什么还不回家？,微君之故，胡为乎中露？,如果不是为君主，何以还在露水中？,式微式微，胡不归？,天黑了天黑了，为什么还不回家？,微君之躬，胡为乎泥中？,如果不是为了养活你们，何以还在泥浆中！,诗经邶风,这是一首劳役者的悲歌，以咏叹的方式、质问的语气，直抒胸臆，堪称“饥者歌其食，芳者歌其事”的经典之作。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
4、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
5、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,重章换字，押韵和谐。体现了一唱
6、三叹、余味无穷的特色。体现了诗经精巧凝练的语言，兼有长短的句式，节奏感强。式微诗短短32个字，就包含了三言、四言和五言等多种变化，工整与灵活相整合，参差错落，能极力地表达主人公,思想感情的起伏。而其句式的选择又是随着诗的内容和思想感情而灵活变化的，增强了诗的节奏感。总之，式微运用语言的艺术，非但韵律和谐优美，而且用词精巧。,子衿,子：男子的美称。 衿：衣领。 悠悠：深思的样子。 宁(nn)：岂，难道。 嗣(s)音：继续通音信。嗣：继续。 挑(to)兮达(t)兮：即挑达，往来相见的样子。 城阙：城门两边的高台。,子衿,青青子衿，悠悠我心。,青青的是你的衣领，悠悠的是我的心境。,纵我不往，子宁不嗣
7、音？,纵然我不曾去会你，难道你就此断音信？,青青子佩，悠悠我思。,青青的是你的佩带，悠悠的是我的情怀。,诗经郑风,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
8、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
9、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,纵我不往，子宁不来？,纵然我不曾去会你，难道你不能主动来？,挑兮达兮，在城阙兮。,我来回踱着步子呵，在这高高城楼上啊。,一日不见，如三月兮！,一天不见你的面呵，好像已有三月长啊！,这首诗写一个女子在城楼上等候她的恋人，表现了这位热恋中的女子焦急不安、情深意切的真挚感情。,全诗五十字不到，但女主人公等待恋人时的焦灼万分的情状宛然如在眼前。这种艺术效果的获得，在于诗人在创作中运用了大量的心理描写。诗中表现这个女子的动作行为仅用“挑”“达”二字，主要笔墨都用在刻画心理活动，如前两章对恋人
10、既全无音信、又不见影,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
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12、元成才路,状元成才路,儿的埋怨，末章“一日不见，如三月兮”的独白。两段埋怨之辞，以“纵我”与“子宁”对举，急盼之情中不无矜持之态，令人生出无限想象，可谓字少而意多。末尾的内心独白，则通过夸张修辞技巧，造成主观时间与客观时间的反差，从而将其强烈的情绪心理形象地表现了出来，可谓因夸以成状，沿饰而得奇。,相鼠,相鼠有皮，人而无仪！ 人而无仪，不死何为？ 相鼠有齿，人而无止！ 人而无止，不死何俟？ 相鼠有体，人而无礼， 人而无礼！胡不遄死？,注释 1.相；视。 2.仪：威仪，指人的举止作风大方正派而言，具有尊严的行为外表。3.何为：为何，为什么。 4.止：假借为“耻”，廉耻。5.俟：等。“6.体：肢体
13、。 7.礼：礼仪，指知礼仪，或指有教养。 8.胡：何，为何，为什么，怎么。 9.遄：快，赶快。,看那老鼠有张皮，却见有人没威仪。 却见有人没威仪，为何还活不倒毙！ 看那老鼠有牙齿，却见有人无廉耻。 却见有人无廉耻，活着不死等何时！ 看那老鼠有肢体，却见有人不懂礼。 却见有人不懂礼，何不赶快去断气！,读解鼠辈是丑陋的，令人厌恶的。中国人想出了众多词语来表达对鼠辈的厌恶感，比如贼眉鼠眼，鼠头鼠脑，鼠目寸光，老鼠过街人人喊打等等。可见老鼠是为人所不齿的。 用老鼠来说明讲礼仪守规矩的重要，把最丑的丑类同要庄严对待的礼仪相提并论，是极而言之。强烈的反差可以造成使人震惊的效果，而且还有一层特殊的幽默色彩，
14、仿佛是告诉人们：,你看看，你看看，连鼠辈这么丑陋的东西看上去都像模像样，形容虽然猥琐，可也是皮毛俱全啊！瞧它的小样儿，有胳膊有腿，有鼻子有眼睛，竟也无可挑剔！于是，鼠辈就成了一面镜子，让不讲礼貌、不守礼仪的人从鼠身上照见自己。,无衣（秦风） p4 岂曰无衣？与子同袍。王于兴师，修我戈矛， 与子同仇。 岂曰无衣？与子同 。王于兴师，修我 ， 与子 。,泽,矛戟,岂曰无衣？与子同 。王于兴师，修我 ，与子 。,裳,甲兵,偕行,偕作,背景简介,秦风无衣是一首秦国人民抗击西戎入侵的气势雄壮、激昂豪迈的出征歌。 秦国与居住在我国西北部的西戎接壤，他们经常发生战争。从秦国方面来看，这次战争具有保家卫国的正
15、义性质，诗中表现出了秦国人民同仇敌忾、踊跃参军，奋勇出征的爱国热情和精神。,重章叠唱,递 进,（统一思想）,（统一行动）,（统一征战）,同袍戈矛同仇 同泽矛戟偕作 同裳甲兵偕行,秦国人民抗击西戎入侵的军中战歌,团结友爱 不计困难,积极响应 齐心备战,同仇敌忾 勇赴战场,主题：,表现了秦国人民团结友爱、同仇敌忾、英勇抗敌的昂扬斗志和爱国精神,课外古诗词诵读,式微 诗经邶风 子衿 诗经郑风 送杜少府之任蜀州 王勃 望洞庭湖赠张丞相 孟浩然,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
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