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1、学习目标 1.了解基本句式： 陈述句， 疑问句（一般，特殊，选择，反意）, 祈使句 和 感叹句 2.记住概念 直接引语-直接引用说话人原来的语句， 在书写时用引号。 间接引语-用自己的话来转述别人的话。 3. 理解连接词的选择，语序的调整，时态的改变，指称的改变，并做相关练习,直接引语-间接引语,直接引语改变为间接引语： 1、直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时注意： 不用引号,而用连接词that,但有时可省略。 人称作相应变化； 主句里的动词如果是过去时,在间接引语中作相应改变： 如：He says,I am from the USA.” He says that he is from th
2、e USA. Mr Smith said to his girl friend,“ I haven t seen you for a long time.” Mr Smith said to his girl friend that he had not seen her for a long time.,直接引语改变为间接引语,2、直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用从属连接词whether或if引导,词序要改变。 Lily said to Miss Green, Is it made in China?” Lily asked Miss Green if it was made
3、in China. 3、直接引语如果是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用疑问词引导, 词序是：连词+主语+谓语。 Lucy said to me, “How can I help?” Lucy asked me how she could help. 4、直接引语如是祈使句,变间接引语时,须变为动词不定式,并在动词不定式前用tell, ask, order. He said to the boy,“ Come here,young man! ” He asked the boy to go there.,讲解注意点,直接引语变间接引语要注意以下变化。 连接词 语序 时态 指代(人称、指示代词、时
4、间状语和地点状语),注意连接词的变化,1.直接引语为陈述句，用that做连接词。 He said, “Jim likes it very much.” He said that he liked it very much. 2.直接引语为一般疑问句，用if或wether做连接词。 He asks, “Is Jim tired ？” He asked me if Jim was tired. 3.直接引语为特殊疑问句，用特殊疑问句的疑问词做连接词。 The teacher said, “What are you doing?” The teacher asked me what I was do
5、ing.,注意语序变化 如果“直接引语”是疑问句时，我们必须要把疑问语序变为陈述语序（主语在谓语前面）。,She asked：“Where does Jim go every Sunday?” She asked where Jim went every Sunday. The robot asked: “Are you happy?” The robot asked if I was happy. She asked “Will they fly to China?” She asked if they would fly to China?”,时态变化 如果主句的谓语动词是现在时,从句的时
6、态不变。 She says her mother will come to see her. 若主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词相应变化。 She said her mother would come to see her. 1. He says to me: “they are playing football.” He says to me that they were playing football 2. He says : “they have finished the homework already” He said that they had finished the
7、 homework already 3.The teacher asks: “What did they do last night?” The teacher asked what they had done last night,由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:,1. 不变的真理 The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.” The teacher told the students that water freezes when the tempera
8、ture falls below 0.,2. 经常的习惯： He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.,3. 历史事件： The teacher said, “World War ended in 1945.” The teacher said that World War ended in 1945.,4. 部分情态动词, 如must, ought to, used to, had better等： She said t
9、o me: “You must hurry up.” She said that I must hurry up.,直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时（不变） 一般将来时 过去将来时 can could may might,人称的变化,在这方面英语和汉语有许多相似之处，要根据句义做相应的人称代词的变化。 通常情况下，直接引语中第一人称I/we 常变为其他人称（要根据句子的具体含义做变化）。 1.She said to me, “I broke your CD player.” She tol
10、d me that she had broken my CD player. 2.He said to her, “I broke your CD player.” He told her that he had broken her CD player.,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化,指示代词： this that these those 时间状语： now then today that day this week/month/year that week/month/year Yesterday he day before the day before yesterday t
11、wo days before last week/month/year the week/month/year before three days (a year) ago three days (a year) before tomorrow the next/following day the day after tomorrow two days later next week/month/year the next (following) week/month/year 地点状语: here there 动词: come go,祈使句变间接引语,若直接引语是祈使句，要将祈使句的动词原形
12、变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell, ask, order等动词，运用短语tell/ ask/order sb. to do sth.。 如果祈使句为否定句，在不定式前面加not。 1.“Make sure the door is shut.” He told his little son to make sure the door was shut. 2.“Dont cry any more.” He said to his little sister. He asked his little sister not to cry any more.,Michael
13、 Phelps,“I have a long body and long arms, a gift and love for swimming.”,Phelps said he had a long body and long arms, and a gift and love for swimming.,“I started swimming at an young age in order to treat my ADHD disease.”,Phelps said he had started swimming at an young age in order to treat his
14、ADHD disease.,“I receive a 5-hour training every day.”,Phelps said he received a 5-hour training every day.,“I always desire to be the winner, to win gold medals and to break world records.”,Phelps said he always desired to be the winner, to win gold medals and to break world records.,“One of my fav
15、orite things is to compete with the best swimmers in the world.”,Phelps said one of his favorite things was to compete with the best swimmers in the world.,“I have many goals, and all of them are high.”,Phelps said he had many goals, and all of them were high.,“I will always try my best to be Phelps
16、 No.1.”,Phelps said he would always try his best to be Phelps No.1.,Secrets of Phelps success?,gift interest determination courage hard work ambition ,做题技巧：判断句式，选对连接词去引号，整理成句根据主句的时态和人称，变语序和时态，变指代,1. Mum said, “I would like to have some noodles.” Mum said that she would like to have some noodles. 2. “What can I do for you?” he asked me. He asked me wha
