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1、Company nameCompany slogan here2014-7-13Tense英语时态Company nameCompany slogan here2How many?16种。英语时态有几种？时态的【时】时态的【体】将来时一般体现在时进行体过去时完成体过去将来时完成进行体Company nameCompany slogan here3How many？9种。高考要求的时态？将来时现在时过去时过去将来时一般体一般将来时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去将来时进行体将来进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去将来进行时完成体将来完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去将来完成时完成进行体将来完成进行时现在完成进
2、行时过去完成进行时过去将来完成进行时Company nameCompany slogan here4一、一般现在时1.一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作或存在的状态； He takes a walk after supper every day. He is our English teacher. 客观真理、科学事实、格言； The sun rises in the east. Two plus two makes four. 主语的特征、性格、能力等。 He woks hard. The children draw well.（常见时间状语：often, sometimes, seldom
3、, always, every day/month/ year）Company nameCompany slogan here5 2.主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在表示将来。 Ill go there after I finish my work. If it rains tomorrow, I wont go there.3.在以here, there开头的句子里，go, come等少数动词的一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。 There goes the bell.铃响了。 There comes the bus.汽车来了。 Here she comes.她来了。Compan
4、y nameCompany slogan here64. 表示安排或计划好的将来的动作（一般只限于某些表移动的动词，如go,come,leave, start,be ,arrive, begin, return, open, close, depart, end, sail, finish等）. The train starts at ten oclock in the morning. Supper is at five today.Company nameCompany slogan here7二、一般过去时1、表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况，常与last week/year/
5、 month/ spring, a few days ago, in 1998等时间状语以及when等连词引导的时间状语从句连用。 We had a good swim last Sunday. When I was young, I took cold baths regularly.2、叙述过去连续发生的一件件事。即过去的习惯。 He got up early in the morning, fetched water, swept the yard and then went out to work.Company nameCompany slogan here8Exercise-You
6、r baby is too thin.-It could gain weight, but it _ _ _(not eat) much. It wont be long before such a thing _ _(happen) again.I wont speak to him unless he _ _(apologize) to me.doesnt eathappensapologizesCompany nameCompany slogan here9ExerciseThe careless driver has just been fined $ 10 for stopping
7、his car at a sign that _ (read) “NO PARKING”.-Nancy is not coming tonight.-But she _ . (promise).（09天津, 2.） My parents _ in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else.A. live B. lived C. were living D. will livereadspromisedCompany nameCompany slogan here10Exercise（2008全国I卷，2
8、7） Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?Yes, since she _ the Chinese Society.A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined（09福建7.） According to the literary review, Shakespeare his charities live through their language in his plays. A. will make B. had made C. was making D. makes 【解析】D考查动词时态。
9、题干是陈述一个客观真理，用一般现在时，选D。Company nameCompany slogan here（09湖南） The food here is nice enough. My friend _ me a right place.A. introduces B. introduced C. had introduced D. was introducing【解析】B考查时态的用法。句意为：这里的食物不错。我的朋友介绍给我一个正确的地方。表示过去的行为。（09江西）12. -Do you want a lift home? -Its very kind of you, but I hav
10、e a much late in the office. I overslept this morning because my morning clock _. A. doesnt go off B. wont gone C. wasnt going off D. didnt go on 11ExerciseCompany nameCompany slogan here（09海南） Edward, you play so well. But I_ you played the piano.A. didnt know B. hadnt known C. dont know D. havent
11、known【解析】A句意为：爱德华,你弹得好。但我不知道你弹钢琴。所谈论的是指过去行为，故用过去式。（09山东） I was out of town at the time, so I dont know exactly how it _. A. was happening B. happened C. happens D. has happened 【解析】B本题考查具体语境中的时态，后一句隐藏的时间状语是at the time.12ExerciseCompany nameCompany slogan here13三.一般将来时一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作和存在的状况。1.will/sha
12、ll do （侧重将来行为，不突出计划安排去做某事，与tomorrow，next week, soon, in 2018等连用） My daughter will be twelve years old tommorrow. I shall go back to see my childhood friends in the summer vacation. We shall work in this factory every day.（表将来经常发生的动作）Company nameCompany slogan here142. be going to do (主观上打算、决心或客观上可能发
13、生) We are going to visit the Museum of Chinese History. Tom studies very hard, and he is going to try for a scholarship. Look at those clouds. Its going to rain.3. be about to (表即将发生的动作，立即的将来，此句型很少与表示将来的具体时间状语连用。) The English evening is about to begin. We are about to leave, so there is no time to v
14、isit him now.Company nameCompany slogan here4. be to do 1)(按计划或安排即将发生) The boys are to go to school next week. He and I are to meet at the Shanghai Railway Station.这种结构也可用于过去，was / were to do sth表示曾经计划要做的事，但不表明计划是否被执行，或表示命运（即命中注定要发生的事），而非计划；was / were to have done sth 表示未曾实现的计划。 I felt nervous, I wa
15、s soon to leave home for the first time.我感到很紧张，因为我很快就要首次离开家了。 They said goodbye, little knowing that they were never to meet again.他们告了别，不知道以后再也不会见面了。15Company nameCompany slogan here162）表示“应该”，相当于should ,ought to ， You are to report to the police. What is to be done?应该怎么办呢？3) 表示“必须”， 相当于must ，have
16、to The letter is to be handed to him in person.4) 表示“想，打算”，相当于intend,want ， You are to do your homework before you watch TV. If we are to be there before ten, well have to go now.Company nameCompany slogan here175)用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求对方意见。 Am I to go on with the work? What are we to do next?6)用于否定句，表示“禁止”
17、， 相当于“mustnt” The books in this room are not to be taken outside.7)表示“可能，可以”， 相当于may, can The news is to be found in the evening paper. Such people are to be found everywhere. Company nameCompany slogan here8) were to do sth用于if 或 even if /even though 从句中，表示对未来的假设。 If I were to tell you that I kille
18、d him, would you believe me? Even if the sun were to rise in the west, I would never do such a thing.9) be to blame（该受责备，对某坏事应负责任）与 be to let （待出租）两种结构中，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。 Which driver is to blame for the accident? 这事故是哪个司机的责任？ This house is to let. 这房子要出租。18Company nameCompany slogan here19We have be
19、en looking for the boy all the afternoon but he is nowhere_.A. to see B. seeing C. seen D. to be seenAs early as his second film, Chaplin had developed his own manner of acting, the one that _ world famous. A. Would become B. became C. was to become D. had becomeExerciseCompany nameCompany slogan he
20、re20-We just saw John at the bookstore. -Thats strange. I didnt think he _back until tomorrow. A. will come B. was to come C. is coming D. is to come If the sun _ tomorrow, what would we do? A. were not to raise B. does not rise C. would not rise D. were not to riseExerciseCompany nameCompany slogan
21、 here21Look at these clouds， _. A. Its going to rain B. Its raining C. It is to rain D. It can rainWho do you think _ for the failure of their marriage? A. to blame B. to be blame C. is to blame D. is to be blamed ExerciseCompany nameCompany slogan here1.表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 We are having an English les
22、son. He is translating a novel. - Have you moved into the new house? - Not yet. The rooms are being painted.2.有些动词(come,go,leave,return,arrive,begin,start,stay等)它们的现在进行时表示按计划安排在不远的将来即将发生的动作。 She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。 He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。22四、现在进行时Company nameCompany
23、slogan here233.代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。 The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。4. 表示反复出现或习惯性动作，往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情绪，常与always, continually, constantly连用, He is always thinking of others first. He is always making the same mistake.5.大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。常见的有：exist,live,understand,mean,owe,belong to ,know,doubt
24、,suppose,remember,forget,believe,trust,want,wish,refuse,like,hate,dislike,prefer,mind,hope等。Company nameCompany slogan here241.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作（这一过去时间须用时间状语表示）。 He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.2.表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行。 They were still working when I left.3.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生。 I was writi
25、ng while he was watching TV.五、过去进行时Company nameCompany slogan here254.表示过去将来动作。 He said she was arriving the next day.5.一个长动作作为背景，被一个短动作打断，长动作往往用进行体，短动作用一般体。 My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. Tom slipped into the house when on one was looking.Company nameCompany sloga
26、n here26You _ always _ (watch) TV. Why not do something more active? -Watch! -I _(watch) but I _ (not see ) anything unusual. Listen ! The couple _ (quarrel) in the room. -Youre drinking too much!-No one _ (see) me but you. Exercisearewatchingam watchingdont seeare quarrellingseesCompany nameCompany
27、 slogan here271.表从过去某时间看将要发生的事情，多用在在间接引语或宾语从句中，还可表示过去的倾向或过去经常发生的事情 They asked me if I would go to Guangzhou soon. Hed play the violin when he was in low spirits.2.用于“was/were going to动词原形”句型中，表示过去的安排、打算或确信某事会发生，多用于口语。 I told her I was going to see her that afternoon. Im sure (that) they were going t
28、o do that.六、过去将来时Company nameCompany slogan here1.表示在将来某一时间正在进行的动作； They will be meeting us at the station. I will be seeing Mr Smith tomorrow.2.表示原因、结果或猜测； Please come tomorrow afternoon, tomorrow morning Ill be having a meeting. Stop the child or he will be falling over. You will be making a mista
29、ke.3.用在问句中，表示委婉礼貌； Will you be reading anything else? 28七、将来进行时Company nameCompany slogan here294.表示稍后一点的安排 My duties will end in July and I will be returning to Shanghai.八、现在完成时1.表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时已完成的动作，常与so far, in the past/ last few years, recently, lately, twice, for two years, how long,
30、 since (ago) 用。 I have finished one third of the report so far. She has cleand the room. Company nameCompany slogan here302.表示从过去开始，待续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for”, “since”表述的一段时间状语连用。例如：He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college.3. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：1）用两种时态来表述发生在过去的某一动作，
31、现在完成时强调这一过去动作对现在产生的影响或结果，而一般过去时只表达过去的动作或状态，和现在关系不大。 She has cleaned the room.Its very clean now.(此句has cleaned就不能改为cleaned.一是因为cleaned与现状无关，二是因为一般过去时不可突然跳到Its这样的一般现在时。)Company nameCompany slogan here312）汉语中的“了”、“过”、“曾”等词常用完成表达， 如：I have seen that film.（我看过那部电影了。）但是如果是在特定的过去时间“看了”、“做过”，就不可用完成时而必须用一般过
32、去进来表达。 如：When did you see that film? I saw it yesterday.(你什么时候看了那部电影？我昨天看的。)不能说：When have you seen that film?I have seen it yesterday.4. 表示“曾经到过某地（人已回来）”用“have/has been to”,表示“到某地去了（还未回来）”用“have/has gone to”.Company nameCompany slogan here325. 短暂动词（即瞬间动词）join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die
33、,marry, finish,complete,begin,start,break out等，在完成时态中，其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。例如不能说：He has finished the work for three hours.要翻译“他已完成工作三小时了。”可采用1）“ago法”：He finished the work three hours ago.2）“延续法”：He has been through(with)the work for three hours.3）“since法”：It is/has been three hours since he finished t
34、he work.Company nameCompany slogan hereHe left his office 3 hours ago.He _ _ _ from his office for 3 hours. It _ _ 3 hours since he left his office. He has been dead for 4 years.He _ _ _ ago. It has been _ _ _ he died. （09福建6 ）Why does the Lake smell terrible? -Because large quantities of water . A.
35、 have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted33Exercisehas been awayhas beendied four years four years sinceCompany nameCompany slogan here（09江西)-What is the price of petrol these days?-Oh, it _ sharply since last month. A. is raised B. has risen C. has arisen D. is
36、increased （09海南）13. His sister left home in 1998, and_ since.A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of D. has not heard of（09山东）The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since1990. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been 34ExerciseCompa
37、ny nameCompany slogan here1.表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作,常与by (the end of)+过去时间状语，by then等时间状语连用, 也可用before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，还可通过上下文来表示。 He had shut the door before the dog came up. Everything had been all right up till this morning. By then he had learned English for 3 years.2.表示动作或状态从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻才完成
38、，甚至还要继续下去。 At the age of ten,he had learned 500 English words.35九、过去完成时Company nameCompany slogan here363.常用hope,expect,think,intend,want,suppose等动词的过去完成时来表示未实现的希望、打算或意图。 We had expected that you would be able to win the match.4.用于hardly / scarcely / barely had . donewhen和no soonerhad.done.than引导的复合
39、句的主句中，常用倒装语序。When 和than从句里用一般过去时，表示“刚刚、就、” Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down.我们刚到家大雨就倾盆而下。 Hardly had we started when the car got a flat tyre. 我们才刚刚开动，汽车的轮胎就漏气了 Company nameCompany slogan here375. It was / had been + 一段时间+ since从句. Since 从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。 It was ten ye
40、ars since we had had such a wonderful time. 我们10年没这么高兴了。6. This / That / It was the first / second .time + that 从句。 that从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。 It was the third time (that) he had made the same mistake. 这是他第三次犯同样的错误了。 That was the first time (that) I had passed the exam. 那是我第一次考试及格。Company nameCompany sloga
41、n here38用来表示在将来某个时刻（前）将完成的动作。常和by短语，when,before引起的时间状语连用。 We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term.十、将来完成时Company nameCompany slogan here391.用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在（或今后还要继续一去）的动作。完成进行体是完成体和进行体的组合，因此，它具备完成体和进行体的一些因素，如它具备进行体的“未完性、暂时性、感情色彩”等特点。 He has been learning English for 6 years.（
42、从过去某一时间开始学英语，强调到现在还在学） It has been raining for three days.（强调说话者抱怨的感情色彩）2.凡是不能用于现在进行时的动词均不能用于现成完成进行时。 十一、现在完成进行时Company nameCompany slogan here40表示过去某时以前一直进行的一个动作, 这一动作可能在这一时间前刚结束或仍在进行. No one knew what this bad man had been doing all these years.十二、过去完成进行时Company nameCompany slogan here41Helen _ (l
43、eave) her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ (come ) home. I _ (hope) to meet Mr. Thompson this morning, but I found nobody left in the room. We plan to reach the North Pole in mid-July, and by then we _ (walk)for six weeks. By the time you arrive in New York, you will _ (away
44、) for two weeks.Exercisehad left camehad hopedwill have walkedhave been awayCompany nameCompany slogan here421.根据题干中的时间标志词选择时态2.根据主从句时态呼应的原则选择时态在时间、条件等状语从句中,用一般现在时态表示一般将来时态,一般过去时态表示过去将来时态,用现在完成时态表示将来完成时态。正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的时间,并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。如果主句动词为现在时态,则从句动词可根据需要使用任何时态，如果主句动词为过去时态,则从句动词须用合适的过去的某种时态
45、(表示客观真理时使用一般现在时态)。小技巧Company nameCompany slogan here43表示过去某时以前一直进行的一个动作, 这一动作可能在这一时间前刚结束或仍在进行. No one knew what this bad man had been doing all these years.十二、过去完成进行时Company nameCompany slogan here443.根据具体的语言环境选择时态做题思路：问三个问题Q1：这个动作可能发生在什么时间？题干句中可参照的时间信息有那些？Q2：这个动作处于什么时态，是进行中，还是已经结束（完成）？Q3:限制或修饰这个动作的状语信息有哪些？Company nameCompany slogan hereSEE YOU SOON!THANKS FOR WATCHING!
