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1、“七七选选五五阅读阅读填空解填空解题题方略之探求方略之探求高考专项题型高考专项题型海南中学 李亚莉lStep one:经过课前练习了解文章主题，体裁及经过课前练习了解文章主题，体裁及调查特点调查特点 文章文章 体裁体裁 主题主题 设空特点设空特点Passage1Passage2阐明文明文背景音背景音乐阐明文明文如何如何坚持持头脑敏敏锐七个七个备选项，两个，两个干干扰项；文首，段；文首，段首，段中，段尾首，段中，段尾同上同上Step2：班内交流结论：调查重点：重点：选项特点：特点：主要主要调查考生考生对文章的整体内容和构造文章的整体内容和构造以及上下文以及上下文逻辑意意义的了解和掌握。的了解和掌
2、握。文章整体内容文章整体内容主旨概括句段首，小主旨概括句段首，小标题文章构造文章构造过渡性句子段中，段尾渡性句子段中，段尾上下文上下文逻辑意意义注注释性句子段中，段尾性句子段中，段尾内容的一致性内容的一致性段落的段落的衔接性接性段内的关段内的关联性性句句句句衔接的自然性接的自然性因此我们需在做题时关注7选5阅读填空语篇特点lStep3：分组讨论两篇文章分别解题的根据The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? _71_ Its similar to
3、the music you listen to, but its not exactly the same. Thats because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you dont even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway. C. Music is playing in the background. 同词复现上下语义Passage1【2021新新课标
4、课标全国卷全国卷七七选选五】五】代代词Quiet background music used to be called elevator (电电梯梯) music because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name Muzak. About one-third of the people in America listen to Muzak everyday. The music plays for 15 minutes at a
5、 time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. _72_ B. The music gives them extra energy.同词复现人称照应反义暗示If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the many o
6、f the songs. Some musicians or songwriters dont want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? _73_ F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.人称照应同词复现因果暗示近义暗示 Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make pe
7、ople feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. _74_ Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.D. Factory
8、workers produce 13 percent more.句式照应_75_ They say its boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they h
9、ear Muzak! A. Some people dont like Muzak.人称照应反义暗示因果暗示Keys:71-75CBFDA【2021辽辽宁卷宁卷七七选选五】五】Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain SharpEveryone is forgetful, but as we are aging, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand that can be a very annoying thing. 71 Read on for some techniques worth try
10、ing.F.Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do G. to avoid those moments.转机关系详细/模糊近义暗示Passage21. 72 People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimers disease (早老性痴呆症早老性痴呆症), according to a recent study. 73 Something as simple
11、 as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. Theres evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward.2. Go for a walk.3. Learn something new.A. Focus on the fu
12、ture.句式照应上下语义1. 72 People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimers disease (早老性痴早老性痴呆症呆症), according to a recent study. 73 Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. Theres evidence tha
13、t people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward.E. But dont worry if your schedule isnt filled with life-changing events.近义暗示因果关系2. Go for a walk.Mildly raised glucose (葡葡萄萄糖糖) levels can harm the
14、 area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. 74 G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.近义暗示解释阐明3. Learn something new
15、.Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards. A study found that mental stimulation (刺激刺激) limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind. But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time. 75 or go
16、 dancing with your friends.C. It should be something like learning gardening.并列/选择模糊/详细举例阐明D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.干干扰项A. Focus on the future.B. This can be especially harmful to the aged.C. It should be something like learning gardening.D. So take a few minutes each day
17、 to do some reading.E. But dont worry if your schedule isnt filled with life-changing events.F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain. 71-75 FAEGC篇章构造篇章构造类题解解题技巧段技巧段首，段尾句首，段尾句Step4:Conc
18、lusion通通读整篇文章，理清文章构造和整篇文章，理清文章构造和中心；根据中心；根据试题所在位置确定不所在位置确定不同的解同的解题战略。略。 假设问题设在段首：总分假假设问题设设问题设在段尾：分在段尾：分总总通常是段落主通常是段落主题句或小句或小标题。仔仔细阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原那么，后文内容，根据段落一致性原那么，查找同找同义词或其他相关的或其他相关的词，推断出主，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主大意知主题。留意小。留意小标题的方式同一性。的方式同一性。通常是通常是结论、概括性、概括性语句。句。留意在留意在选项中中查找表示找表示结果、果、结论、总结
19、等的信号等的信号词，如，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等等词语，选项中也可中也可发现前文的同前文的同义词句。句。语义链：每一个句子都要包含一些和上下句类似或有关的东西。细节类题型解题技巧关键词解题法：可留意词汇的衔关键词解题法：可留意词汇的衔接接.代词.冠词.同义词，近义词.反义词 .上下义词， 如 fruit 和 apple 或同一范畴词，如 apple 和 orangeThe logical connections逻辑衔接：句子接：句子间的的逻辑关系关系并列递
20、进概括归纳顺序因果解释例证转机对比1.2.3.4.解题步骤与技巧速速读全文，理清文章构造，了解大意知主全文，理清文章构造，了解大意知主题。抓住段落大意，理清句抓住段落大意，理清句际关系意关系意义、衔接。接。阅读七个七个选项，抓住各中关，抓住各中关键词，留意，留意衔接手接手段及上下文构成的段及上下文构成的逻辑关系，关系，结合排除法初步合排除法初步确定确定选项形意形意结合，瞻前合，瞻前顾后，先易后后，先易后难。代入代入选项，复核，复核层次划分有无次划分有无错误，语义能能否否衔接。接。 分析干分析干扰项，确定排除理由根据，确定排除理由根据主旨、主旨、衔接和关接和关键词 。u主旨概括句要么过于广泛、要
21、么以偏概全、或偏离主题；u过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文构造；u注释性句子与上文脱节等。干扰项特点Step5:实战演练实战演练 It is always a painful process for college students to find jobs. 71 However, job positions are quite limited. In order to get a job, the candidates should be more competitive than ever before. A Chinese expert predicted that the job hun
22、ting pressure in China, with a rocketing increase in the active labor force, would reach its climax in 2006. Yet, this situation continues in 2021. In order to transfer the human resources that are more than needed or wanted to the less developed areas in China, the government has tried to launch a
23、series of policies to help release the pressure. _72_ D. With many colleges enlarged in recent years, large numbers of graduates need to hunt jobs.E. Whats more, financial support is provided to encourage the graduates to start their own career. G. Competition for a job would be fierce as graduates
24、this year will have to join the job hunting group from previous years.- DE与上文构成因果关系与上文构成因果关系与上文构成与上文构成递进递进关系关系干干扰扰71与下一段内容不符与下一段内容不符 73 A higher education may be more helpful to find a good job in the future, while the temptation of an exciting job and the strong will of being a “real adult urge the
25、 youth to step into society early. For example, when an undergraduate mechanical science and technology major at a famous university is preparing for his postgraduate exam, he receives an offer from a big foreign company one day. 74 Anyway, it is really tough to prepare for the postgraduate examinat
26、ion.A. Most probably, he is so excited that he decides to quit the exam next year. B .Almost everyone worries about the result of the postgraduate examinationF. To go on with further education or to find a job is one of the hardest decisions for the graduate 概括句-根据下文的解释注注释释句句-干干扰扰74 AF75 This is a t
27、ough time and everyone should have some shining points to win the employers favor. As products of universities, college students are expected to be first-rate talents and should step into the excellent group in the society. However, these students may achieve unexpected success in the fields where t
28、heir professional knowledge functions to its maximization. C. “Survival of the fittest. Darwins evolution theory appears in the personnel market.概括句概括句ClA. Most probably, he is so excited that he decides to quit the exam next year.lB. Almost everyone worries about the result of the postgraduate exam
29、ination.lC. “Survival of the fittest. Darwins evolution theory appears in the personnel market.lD. With many colleges enlarged in recent years, large numbers of graduates need to hunt jobs.lE. Whats more, financial support is provided to encourage the graduates to start their own career.lF. To go on
30、 with further education or to find a job is one of the hardest decisions for the graduatel students to make nowlG. Competition for a job would be fierce as graduates this year will have to join the job hunting group from previous years.lKeys:DEFACpassage2When I walked into the house after school, th
31、e first thing I noticed was a box with items I recognized from my dads office. When he told me that he was laid off, I thought he was joking. Then I noticed his seriousness and realized he was telling the truth. My father has always been a hard worker. He has prided himself on his career. 71 I guess
32、 I had taken his work for granted. A. Providing for our family has been his joy.72 For starters, he was home all the time. It meant my bed had to be made, my room cleaned up, and my homework done right after school. I would come home every day to find him at the computer searching for jobs. 73 He se
33、emed down, though he tried to be optimistic. He asked my brother and me to spend less. I gave up my spending money, which wasnt much. I also found a part-time job. D. My fathers unemployment created many changes in our lives. C. I began to notice how losing his job had affected him.74 He explained t
34、hat he never wanted to be laid off again, so he was going to start his own business. Day by day, I watched him build it. One evening I asked if he needed help. “Only if it doesnt affect school, he said. I showed up at his office the next afternoon, and most afternoons after that for two months. E. A
35、fter months of searching, my dad decided to go in a totally different direction. 75 The terrible experience for our family taught me how to deal with difficulties. Now I know that through creative problem-solving, I can always find Plan B. I can ask for help and take risks. What I have learned from
36、my dads understanding of business and his work ethic (信条信条) are two of the most important lessons I will ever learn. And they will be my principles for success.G. I always knew he was a hard worker, but watching him in action influenced me a lot.F. His courage and determination helped him to become
37、successful in his new career.-干扰A. Providing for our family has been his joy.B. I made every effort to solve his problems.C. I began to notice how losing his job had affected him.D. My fathers unemployment created many changes in our lives. E. After months of searching, my dad decided to go in a totally different direction. F. His courage and determination helped him to become successful in his new career.G. I always knew he was a hard worker, but watching him in action influenced me a lot.Keys:ADCEG
