人教版必修一各单元知识点总结Unit One Friendship 一、重点短语1.go through 经历，经受2. set down 记下，放下3. a series of 一系列4. on purpose 有目的的5. in order to 为了6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻7. face to face 面对面8. fall in love 爱上9. join in 参加（某个活动）；take part in 参加（活动）join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员）10. calm down 冷静下来11. suffer from 遭受12. be/get tired of对感到厌倦13. be concerned about 关心14. get on/along well with 与相处融洽15. be good at/do well in 擅长于 16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是 17. no longer / not any longer 不再18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.）much too 太(后接 adj.) 19. notuntil 直到 才二、语法 -直接引语和间接引语概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。
一般前后要加引号间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话 间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号例： Mr. Black said, “ I m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy. 变化规则（一）陈述句的变化规则直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时精品 p d f 资料 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 学习资料 精品 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化人称的变化人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思例：1. He said, “I like it very much.” He said that he liked it very much. 2. He said to me, “I v left my book in your room.” He told me that he had left his book in my room. 时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时过去完成时过去完成时例：“ I don t want to set down a series of facts in a diary, ” said Anne. Anne said that she didn t want to set down a series of facts in a diary. The boy said, “ I m using a knife.” The boy said that he was using a knife. 注意：如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变，如：He said, “ Light travels much faster than sound. ”He said that light travels much faster than sound. 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语间接引语this that these those now then ago before/earlier today that day yesterday the day before tomorrow the next/following day the day after tomorrow In two day s time come go here there the day before yesterday two days before/earlier 精品 p d f 资料 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 学习资料 精品 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -(二) 祈使句的变化规则如果直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to 的不定式，并根据句子意思在不定式前加上tell/ask/order 等动词，如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面还要加上 not。
例：The hostess said to us, “ Please sit down. ” The hostess asked us to sit down. He said, “ Don t make so much noise, boys. ” He told the boys not to make so much noise. （三）疑问句的变化规则如果直接引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，句末用句号一般疑问句：如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词是say或 said时，要改为 ask 或 asked, 原问句变为由 if/whether 引导的宾语从句例 : “ Do you think a diary can become your friend? ” the writer says. The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend. 2) 特殊疑问句：如果间接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的引导词，但疑问句要变为陈述句例：“What do you want?” he asked me. He asked me whatI wanted Unit two English around the world 一、重点短语1. be different from 与不同be the same as 与一样2. one another 相互，彼此（ =each other ）4. at the end of 在结束时5. because of 因为（后接名词或名词性短语）because 因为（后接句子）7. be based on 根据，依据8. at present 目前；当今10. make use of 利用11. a large number of 大量的，很多（作主语，谓语动词用复数）the number of 的数量（作主语，谓语动词用单数）12. in fact = actually= as a matter of fact 事实上13. believe it or not 信不信由你精品 p d f 资料 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 学习资料 精品 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -15. be expected to 被期待做某事16. play a part/role in 在起作用17. make lists of列清单18. included 包括（前面接包括的对象）Including 包括（后接包括的对象）二、语法 -英语中的命令（ command ）语气和请求 (request) 语气命令语气 ：表示直接命令某人做某事，语气比较重，不怎么礼貌，一般用于上级对下级例：1. “ Look at the example” , the teacher said to us.2. Open the window! 请求语气 ：表示请求某人做某事，语气比较缓和，非常礼貌例：1. “ Would you like to see my flat?” She asked. 2. Would you please open the window? Unit 3 Travel journal 一、重点短语1. travel-泛指旅行 journey-指长时间长距离的陆上旅行voyage-指长距离的水上旅行，也可以指乘飞机旅行trip-常指短时间短距离的旅行tour-指周游，巡回旅游，2. prefer to 更加喜欢，宁愿prefer A to B 比起 B，更喜欢 A prefer doing to doing 比起做 ，宁愿做 prefer to do rather than do 与其做 , 不如4. ever since 自从5. persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事6. be fond of 喜欢7. insist on doing 坚持做某事insist + that 从句（用 should+ V 原）8. care about 关心9. change one s mind 改变想法11. make up one s mind to do下定决心做某事= decide to do = make a decision to do 12. give in 让步，屈服give up 放弃13. be surprised to 对感到惊奇to one s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 精品 p d f 资料 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 学习资料 精品 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -14. at last = finally = in the end 最终15. stop to do 停下来去做某事stop doing 停止做某事16. as usual 像往常一样17. sothat 如此 以至于 So + adj + a/an + n. + that Such + a/an +adj. + n. + that 18. be familiar with 对熟悉（人作主语）be familiar to 为所熟悉（物作主语）二、语法 :现在进行时表将来现在进行时表将来，表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，常见的现在进行时表将来的动词有：come/ go / leave/ arrive / travel / take / stay/ do等. 例：1. I m coming. 我就来2. what are you doing next Sunday ? 你下个星期天做什么？3. I hear that you are travelling along Mekong River. 我听说你将沿湄公河旅行4. Where are you staying at night? 你们晚上待在哪里 / Unit four Earthquakes 一、重点短语1. right away 立刻，马上（ = at once = in no time）2. asleep 睡着的；熟睡地（ fall asleep 入睡）sleep 睡；睡眠sleepy 犯困的3. it seems that/ as if 看来好像 ；似乎4. in ruins 成为废墟5. the number of 的数量（谓语动词用单数）a number of 大量（谓语动词用复数）7. be trapped 被困8. how long 多长时间how often 多久，指平率how soon 还要多久（用于将来时当中，用in+时间段回答）9. hundreds of thousands of 成千上万的10. dig out 挖出精品 p d f 资料 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 学习资料 精品 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -12. rise (rose risen)- vi, 上升；升。