人教版必修 1重点词汇、短语、句型、语法全汇总Unit1 Friendship【重点词汇、短语】1. add up合计2. upsetvt&vi弄翻，使担心 ,使心烦 ,扰乱adj.心烦意乱的 ,不舒适的 ,不适的 ,伤心的 .3. ignore 不理会、忽视4. calm ( 使) 安静、 ( 使)镇静calm down安静 / 镇静下来5. have got to不得不、必需6. concern (使) 担忧、涉及、关系到be concerned about关怀，挂念7. go through经受、经受8. set down登记、放下、登记9. a series of一系列10. on purpose有意11. in order to为了12. at dusk在黄昏时刻13. face to face面对面地14. no longer/notany longer不再15. settle安家、定居、停留16. suffer遭受、忍耐、经受17. suffer from遭受、患病18. recover痊愈、复原、重新获得19. get/be tired of对厌烦20. pack捆扎，包装 / 包裹21. pack (sth) up将（东西）装箱打包22. get along with与相处23. fall in love爱上24. disagree不同意25. join in参与【重点句型】1. It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face.（从句时态用完成时）这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚；2. I wonder if it’ s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long thatI’ ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.（强调句）我不知道这是不是由于我长期无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热；3. I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to havea good look at the moon for once by myself.有一天晚上，我熬到11 点半有意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次；4. Your friend, who doesn’ t work hard, asks you to help him cheat in theend-of-term exam.（非限制性定语从句）你的一个伴侣叫你在期末考试中帮他作弊，这个伴侣平常不仔细学习；5. If you have some trouble (in) getting along with your friends, you can write tothe editor and ask for advice.假如你在和伴侣的相处上有问题，你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议；6. Add up your score and see how many points you can get.把你的得分加起来，看看得了多少；7. What he did has added to our difficulties.他的所作所为增加了我们的困难；8. His income adds up to $1000 a month.他每月的收入共计1000 美元；9. Its no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thingthat really must be experienced.观看这些已不再是乐趣，由于大自然是你必需体验的；10. Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work.她为什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法？11. The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report.警察让他在报告中写下他所观察的事情；12. As I was about to go out and search for him, he happened to come in.正值我准备出去找他时，他恰巧进来；13. Mr. Jones lives alone and often feels lonely.琼斯先生单独一人生活，常常感到孤独；14. We tried to calm him down, but he kept crying.我们试图让他安静下来，但他仍不停地哭着；15) Does he dare (to) go out at night in such stormy weather.他敢在这样一个暴风雨夜外出吗？16. He would go through fire and water for his country.他愿为国家赴汤蹈火；17. That country suffered a heavy loss in the flood.那个国家在水灾中遭受严峻的缺失；【语法总结】直接引语和间接引语（一）直接引语：直接引述别人的原话；一般前后要加引号；间接引语： 用自己的话转述别人的话； 间接引语在多数情形下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号；例 ： Mr. Black said,“ I’ m busy. ”Mr. Black said that he was busy.变化规章1. 陈述句的变化规章直接引语假如是陈述句，变为间接引语时， 用连词 that （可省略） 引导， 从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化；（1 ）人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要懂得句子的意思例： 1. He said, “ I like it very much.” → He said that he liked it very much.2. He said to me,“ Iv left my book in your room.”→ He told me that he had left his book in my room.（2 ）时态的变化直接引语一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时一般过去时一般将来时过去完成时间接引语一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去将来时过去完成时例：“I don ’ t want to set down a series of facts in a diary,” said Anne.→Anne said that she didn’ t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.The boy said,“ I’ m using a knife.”→ The boy said that he was using a knife.▲留意：假如直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变，如：He said,“ Light travels much faster than sound.”He said that light travels much faster than sound.（3 ）指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语间接引语this these now ago todayyesterdaytomorrowthat those thenbefore/earlierthat thethedayday before next/following daythe day come herethe dayaftertomorrowIn twogo thereday ’ tsimebefore yesterdaytwo days before/earlier2. 疑问句的变化规章假如直接引语是疑问句， 变为间接引语时要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，句末用句号；（1 ）一般疑问句：假如直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词是say或said 时，要改为ask或 asked, 原问句变为由if/whether引导的宾语从句；例:“ Do you think a diary can become your friend.” the writer says.→ The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.（2 ）特殊疑问句：假如间接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原先的引导词，但疑问句要变为陈述句；例：“ What do you want.” he asked me.→ He asked me what I wantedUnit2 English around the world【重点词汇、短语】1. because of 由于、由于2. come up走近、上来、提出3. actually实际上、事实上4. base以为基础，根基5. at present目前6. make use of利用7. such as例如8. command命令、指令、把握9. request恳求、要求10. play a part/role in扮演一个角色11. recognize辨认出、承认、公认12. straight直接、挺拔、笔直的13. be different from与不同be the same as和一样14. one another相互，彼此（ =each other）15. at the end of在终止时16. because of由于（后接名词或名词性短语）because由于（后接句子）17. be based on依据，依据18. at present目前；当今19. especially特殊，特殊specially特地地20. make use of利用make the best of充分利用21. a large number of大量的，很多（作主语时，谓语动词用复数）the number of的数量（作主语时，谓语动词用单数）22. in fact = actually= as a matter of fact事实上23. make lists of列清单24. included包括（前面接包括的对象）including包括（后面接包括的对象）25. command sb. to do。
