主谓一致的讲解一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1. 由and连接主语时And连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓 语用单数或复数1) 并列主语表示 不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用 复数Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good stude nts.Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.2) 并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式The professor and writer is speak ing at the meeti ng.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言A journ alist and authour lives on the sixth floor.一位新闻记者兼作家His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe.他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行The Premier and Foreig n Mini ster was prese nt at the state banq uet.总理兼外长比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school.the writer and educator has visited our school.His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe.但两个名注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词， 词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可A boy and girl are play ing tennis.3) 并列主语前有each, every, many a , no等修饰时谓语动词用单数Each doctor and (each) nurse work ing in the hospital was asked to help patie nts.Every man, woma n and child is en titled to take part in the activity. 有权参力口Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour.Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistakeNo boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里注意：many a跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多Many a stude nt was disappo in ted after see ing the movie.4) 并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数A law and rule about protect ing en viro nment has bee n draw n up.法规制定The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好War and peace is a constant theme in history战争与和平是历史永恒的主题注意;常被视为主体的结构A cup and saucer 一副杯碟A horse and cart 马车A knife and fork 一副刀叉A law and rule 法规A n eedle and thread 一套针线Fish and chips炸鱼加炸薯条The stars and stripes 星条旗2. 由(either)…or或neither…nor等连接的主语时由either…or, neither…nor, or, noton ly…but(also)…连接主语时，谓语动词 陈述句中就近原则Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.要么你要么简被派往纽约Neither you nor he has finished the experiment.Neither the teacher nor the stude nts like this piece of music. 者 E不喜欢这首曲子Not only the old farmer but also his family were frien dly to me.Not only his friends but also he himself is look ing forward to tak ing part in the party.3. 主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走Not you but I am to an swer the questi onI, not you, am to answer the question.二、单一主语的主谓一致1.名词本身自带s作主语时1) 学科名词：physics 物理 mathematics/maths 数学 economics 经济学 politics 政治学 新闻;news体操：GymnasticsAs we know, Physics is a fun dame ntal subject in scie nee.物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科 Mathematics is a required course for middle school students.数学是中学生的一门必修课 Einstein once said , “ Politics is much more difficult than physics. ” 注意：当mathematics表示运算时 谓语动词用单数复数都可If my mathematics is/are right, the answer is 56.如果我的运算正确，答案就是 56The television news is at 7 o 'lock in the evening every dayGymnastics is my sister ' favourite sport2) 有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语 means方式方法aircraft飞机 works 工厂 crossroads 十字路口 deer 鹿 sheep 羊 fish 鱼This works was build in 1982 这座工厂是By far, three steelworks have been closed down in this cityThis means of tran sport has bee n triedAll possible means have bee n tried3) 由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数chopsticks 筷子 compasses 圆规glasses 眼镜 gloves 手套Jea ns牛仔裤 pants裤子scissors 剪子 shoes 鞋子shorts短裤 socks短袜trousers 裤子My trousers are white and his clothes are black.我的裤子是白色的他的衣服是黑色的Why are your shoes so dirty?注意;如果这些词由单位词 (a pair of , a suit of , a piece of , a kind of 等)修饰时，单位词 的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.4) 表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数The un ited States is a developed countryThe New York Times is widely read in the world.5) 以-s结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plants. 植物种类繁多The Niagara Falls are sple ndid waterfalls.6）以-S结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数belongings 财产 clothes 衣服 plasticsearnings 收入 goods 货物leavings 剩余 savings 储存All the goods are very expe nsive.2•集体名词作主语时1） mankind, humanity, man作主语时，谓语一般用单数Only man knows how to cook. 只有人懂得烹饪【注】mankind表示“人（类）”有时表示复数意义，尤其是其表语是复数时：Mankind are intelligent animals. 人是理智的动物.2） people, police, cattle, youth等作主语时，只有单数形式 ，但却表示复数意义谓语动词用复 数The police are in vestigati ng the riot. 正在调查暴乱事件The cattle are grazing the the field 正在牧场吃草Many cattle were killed for this. 就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜【注】people作民族讲时有复数形式 .如: There are 56 peoples in China3） family, crowd等作主语时，根据概念确定谓语动词这类集体名词有：Army， assembly 议 会集会 audienee band class club committee company congress 议会 youth crew 全体工作人员 crowd enemy family gang 团伙government group herd 牧群 jury population public team 强调整体用单数谓语强调个体用复数谓语The family is going to move to New YorkThe family have differe nt opinions about their going abroadThe football club committee arran ges all the matchesThe football club committee have decided to dismiss him.比较：A family , a group , a class 做主语时用单数谓语Families, groups, classes 作主语时用复数谓语A gro。