单词拼写,2016,2021,年杭州市中考单词拼写考点统计,考点,名词,动词,形容词,副词,代词,数词,介词,连词,2016,3,3,2,1,1,2017,4,4,1,1,2018,4,3,1,1,1,2019,5,2,1,1,1,2020,3,2,1,1,1,2,2021,4,4,1,1,答题技巧指导,单词拼写是考查词汇综合运用能力的一种较难的题型它的特点是将句子中的一个词“掏空”，留下该词的首字母，它既作为提示又作为限制，让我们根据句子的意思把单词拼写完整1.解答步骤,(1)了解句子意思，理解所要填的空的词汇词性；,(2)前后兼顾，依据成分及词性对单词形式作适当变化；,(3)全面考虑，不忘大小写答题技巧指导,2.注意事项,(1)名词需确定其单复数形式；,(2)动词需考虑时态及语态；,(3)形容词、副词需考虑是否用比较级；,(4)代词应考虑用哪种形式等答题技巧指导,具体做题方法：,(一)从词性语法考查角度分析,(1),名词：单复数形式，所有格的用法,1.September 10th is T,eachers,Day.,2.In autumn，after a strong wind，the ground is often covered with fallen l,eaves,.,(2),动词：时态、语态的变化,3.We could not run faster than cheetahs，so we i,nvented,cars and now we can move the fastest.,4.When you laugh，you will o,pen,your mouth and show your teeth.,答题技巧指导,(3),形容词、副词：比较等级的用法,5.Last Sunday，we played h,appily,in the park，though we were very tired.,6.Summer is the h,ottest,season of the year.,(4),代词：单复数、人称代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、不定代词等的用法,7.Help y,ourself,to some fish，Jim.,8.Mrs.Green said to the twins，“Help y,ourselves,to some fish please.”,9.This book belongs to Mary.It is h,ers,.,答题技巧指导,(5),连词：并列与从属连词的用法,10.For years，we played other peoples songs，b,ut,now we play mostly our own songs.,11.She didnt go to school yesterday，b,ecause,she was ill.,答题技巧指导,(二)从句子成分角度分析,词性和句子成分在解答单词拼写题时很重要。
如果学生可以判断出一个句子缺少了什么成分，而又知道该句子成分可以由何种词性的词汇充当，这样可以大大缩小选择范围，也可以避免一些语法错误一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分句子的次要成分包括宾语、定语、状语、表语、同位语等以下是详细的讲解及训练答题技巧指导,1)对主语的判断,1.Some famous s,are going to give lectures in our university in August.,2.F,is my favorite sport.,3.C,stamps is my hobby.,Keys：,1.scholars2.Fishing3.Collecting,答题技巧指导,批注：由于做首字母填空时会受到前后逻辑关系的影响，会加大填空难度因此这里遵循由易入难的原则，先从简单的句子开始做起这里需要学生发挥想象力来填充，题目难度比较低，不存在理解困难做完让学生自己做个总结，哪些词性可以充当主语：名词、动名词、代词、数词等2)对谓语的判断,John was standing on the step of a house.An old woman c,over to him.“My boy，”she a,，“is your father at home？”“Yes，”a John.The woman began r,the bell.She rang and rang，but there was no answer.At last she t,back to John and s,angrily，“Didnt you s that your father was at home？”“I did，”answered John，“but this i,my house.”,答题技巧指导,Keys：,1.came2.asked3.answered,4.ringing5.turned6.said 7.say8.isnt,批注：通过这个简单的小篇章，老师需要引导学生去发现谓语都是由哪些词来充当的：只有动词是可以充当的。
由于文章中涉及到直接引语和间接引语，学生可以发现在填空时需要关注动词的时态答题技巧指导,3)对宾语的判断,1.Mr.Chen was surprised to see the fast d,in Shanghai after his long absence from the city.,2.Thank you for your k,.,Keys：,1.development2.kindness,批注：讲解充当宾语成分的词时，需要和主语对比着讲解，基本上可以充当主语的词都可以充当宾语，如：名词、代词、动名词、数词等答题技巧指导,4)对表语的判断,1.It is i,for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon.,2.The sick man is getting w,.,3.Patrick is going to be an e,when he grows up.,Keys：,1.impossible2.worse3.engineer,批注：表语一般要放到系动词的后面，所以能正确识别系动词是关键常见的系动词：感官动词(look，sound，smell，taste，feel)状态动词(be，seem，appear，stay，remain，keep)动态动词(get，become，grow，go，turn，fall，make)。
答题技巧指导,5)对定语的判断,1.The French artist said，“It is my f,time to visit Shanghai.I love this city so much.”,2.The book w,by Lu Xun is very famous.,3.Do you often go to the s,pool near your school？,Keys：,1.first2.written3.swimming,批注：通过例子让学生总结出可以充当定语的词：形容词、序数词、现在分词、过去分词答题技巧指导,6)对状语的判断,1.The old lady could hardly believe that she had got the travel pass to Hong Kong so e,.,2.Watch c,，and you will find the difference between the two pictures.,Keys：,1.easily2.carefully,批注：通过例子让学生总结出可以充当状语的词：副词(可以用于修饰动词、形容词和副词)。
答题技巧指导,7)对连词的判断,British teenagers can leave school at sixteen after taking their GCSE exams.They study for exams in as many as ten subjects，s,they have to work pretty hard！,Keys：,so,批注：老师需要引导学生通过句子和句子之间的关系判断逻辑关系就像这里提到的，英国的青少年为了通过考试需要学十门学科，因此要非常努力典例分析】(2020杭州),61.L,is a meal that you have in the middle of the day.,62.In many countries，New Years Day falls on the first day of J,.,63.Theyve been good friends s,they were little kids.,64.China has a history of more than five t,years.,65.He always arrives e,than others，as he has the key to the classroom.,66.A,the traffic was heavy，we got to the railway station on time.,67.Whether she wins or whether she l,，this is her last game.,68.My parents are very s,with me.I am not allowed to hang out with friends even on weekends.,69.Many young people look up to these basketball h,such as Yao Ming and Michael Jordan and want to become like them.,70.Many road accidents can be a,if we all follow traffic rules.,61.【解析】考查名词。
根据 meal 和 the middle of the day，可知要填“午饭”句意：午餐是你在中午吃的一顿饭故填Lunch62.【解析】考查名词New Years Day”是指元旦，所以此处要填一月句意：在许多国家，元旦是在一月的第一天故填January63.【解析】考查连词根据句意以及have been good friends 现在完成时，可知此处要填“自从”句意：他们从小就是好朋友故填since64.【解析】考查数词中国五千年的历史，此处填数词“千”表示具体的数字，用原形句意：中国有五千多年的历史故填thousand65.【解析】考查形容词由 than可知此处要填比较级，依据句意可知此处指的是“到得较早”句意：他总是比别人来得早，因为他有教室的钥匙故填earlier66.【解析】考查连词前半句表达的是交通拥堵，后半句指我们准时到达，可知此处表达“尽管”句意：尽管交通拥堵，我们还是准时到达了火车站故填Although67.【解析】考查动词用or连接两个whether，前后表达意思相反，or之前表达“赢得”，or之后指的是“输”，且主语是三单，此处动词也要用三单句意：不管她赢还是输，这是她最后一场比赛。
故填loses68.【解析】考查形容词固定搭配“be strict with sb.”对某人严格句意：我父母对我很严格即使在周末也不允许我和朋友出去玩故填strict69.【解析】考查名词look up”指的是敬仰，尊敬，年轻人尊敬崇拜的是明星、英雄句意：许多年轻人仰慕这些篮球英雄，如姚明和迈克尔乔丹，并希望变得像他们一样故填heroes70.【解析】考查动词交通事故可以被避免。