考研英语写作要求与评分细则1.大纲对写作的要求 《全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲(非英语考生) 》在考试说明部分要求考生掌握的写作技能： 考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等，还应能写一般描述性、叙述性和说明或议论性的文章短文写作时，考生应能： 1)做到语法、拼写、标点正确、用词恰当； 2)遵循文章的特定文体格式； 3)合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯； 4)根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当选用语言 2. 考研写作试卷结构写作是全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试卷的第三部分该部分考查考生的书面表达能力共 30 分A 节：考生根据所给情景写出一篇约 100 词（标点符号不计算在内）的应用性短文，包括信件、便笺、备忘录等满分 10 分B 节：要求考生根据提示信息写出一篇 160-200 词的短文(标点符号不计算在内) 提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表等满分 20 分3．考研英语写作评分标准（一）评分原则和方法1．A 节应用文的评分侧重点在于信息点的覆盖和内容的组织、语言的准确性、格式和语域的恰当对语法结构和词汇多样性的要求将根据具体试题做调整。
允许在作文中使用提示语中出现的关键词，但使用提示语中出现过的词组或句子将被扣分B 节作文的评分重点在于内容的完整性、文章的组织连贯性、语法结构和词汇的多样性及语言的准确性2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来给分评分人员在档内有 1-3 分的调节分3．A 节作文的字数要求是 100 词左右B 节作文的字数要求是 160-200 词文章长度不符合要求的，酌情扣分4．拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面评分时，视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受5．如书写较差，以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次二）一般评分标准第五档 A 节（9-10 分）B 节（ 17-20 分）很好地完成了试题规定的任务包含所有内容要点；---使用丰富的语法结构和词汇；---语言自然流畅，语法错误极少；---有效地采用了多种衔接手法，文字连贯，层次清晰；---格式和语域恰当贴切对目标读者完全产生了预期的效果第四档 A 节（7-8 分）B 节（ 13-16 分）较好地完成了试题规定的任务包含所有内容要点，允许漏掉 1、2 个次重点；---使用较丰富的语法结构和词汇；---语言基本准确，只有在试图使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇时才有个别语法错误；---采用了适当的衔接手法，层次清晰，组织较严密；---格式和语域较恰当。
对目标读者完全产生了预期的效果第三档 A 节（5-6 分）B 节（ 9-12 分）基本完成了试题规定的任务虽漏掉一些内容，但包含多数内容要点；---应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的需求；---有一些语法及词汇错误，但不影响理解；---采用了简单的衔接手法，内容较连贯，层次较清晰；---格式和语域基本合理对目标读者基本完全产生了预期的效果第二档 A 节（3-4 分）B 节（ 5-8 分） 未能按要求完成试题规定的任务漏掉或未能有效阐述一些内容要点，写了一些无关内容；---语法结构单调、词汇项目有限；---有较多语法结构及词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解；---未采用恰当的衔接手法，内容缺少连贯性；---格式和语域不恰当未能清楚地传达信息给读者第一档 A 节（1-2 分）B 节（ 1-4 分）未完成试题规定的任务明显遗漏主要内容，且有许多不相关的内容；---语法项目和词汇的使用单调、重复；---语言错误多，有碍读者对内容的理解，语言运用能力差；---未采用任何衔接手法，内容不连贯，缺少组织、分段；---无格式和语域概念未能传达信息给读者零档 （0 分）所传达的信息或所使用语言太少，无法评价；内容与要求无关或无法辨认。
4．应用性短文2005 年考研英语大纲样题：Directions:You are preparing for an English test and are in need of some reference books. Write a letter to the sales department of a bookstore to ask for:1) detailed information about the books you want,2) methods of payment,3) time and way of delivery.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)Sample letter:Dear Sir or Madam,I am writing for information about test preparation materials for the IELTS test.I wonder if you have a vocabulary book covering the words required for IELTS, as well as past examination papers with keys and model essays. Besides, how should I pay for these books---by cash, cheque, or any other means? If possible, I would like to use my credit card. Finally, how will these books be shipped and when is the approximate time I can receive them? The express mail is preferable if the additional charge is not too much.I would appreciate it if you would send me a reply at your earliest convenience.Yours sincerely,Li Ming步骤一：阅读并分析题目：1） 信息点和内容Explaining a situation:Requesting information:2） 语言Vocabulary:Sentence structure:3） 格式和语域（对比：便笺、备忘录）Format：salutation, body, complimentary close, name of senderRegister：informal or formal?步骤二：开始写作写称呼语：Dear Sir/Madam …To whom it may concern…Dear Mr. Bush…Dear George表明写作目的：I am writing for/ about/ concerning…I am writing to…I am writing because…提供/询问信息：I wonder if…Would it be possible for you to …I would like to…要求采取行动：I would appreciate it if you could…I should be grateful if you could…Could you please…Would you mind…结束语：Thank you for your attention/ kindness…I look forward to seeing you/ your reply.签名：Yours sincerely …Yours faithfully…Best wishes…Lots of love步骤三：检查检查内容：检查语言：检查卷面：模拟题：Directions:You have borrowed several books from the university library. Unfortunately, you cannot return the books on time. Write a letter to the chief librarian1) explaining what has happened,2) telling what you want to do about it, and3) saying when you can give the books back.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)Directions:You travelled by plane last week and your suitcase was lost. You have still heard nothing from the airline company. Write a letter to the airline to1) explain what happened,2) describe your suitcase, and3) find out what they are going to do about it.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)Directions:You have a friend who will go on holiday to a town which you know very well. Write a letter to him/her, including:1) recommendation of a place to live,2) where he/she should go,3) things to carry with.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)Directions:You saw an advertisement seeking tour guides for a local travel agency. Write a letter to the personnel department to state1) your interest in the job2) why you are qualified,3) when you can start the job.@nts。