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1、第十一周 并列句和状语从句(一)并 列 句一、并列连词At school, some students are active while some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.在学校，有的学生很活跃而有的很腼腆，但他们能成为好朋友。I was glad to meet Jenny again, but I didnt want to spend all day with her.(2013新课标全国卷)很高兴又见到 Jenny 了，但是我不想花一整天的时间和她在一起。It must have rained las
2、t night, for it is wet all over.昨晚一定下雨了，因为到处都这么湿。Yesterday, I forgot to pick my son up, so he waited in the kindergarten for nearly two hours.(2014苏州模拟)昨天，我忘记了去接儿子，结果他在幼儿园里等了接近两个小时。Would you like to leave or would you like to stay?你是想走还是想留？规律总结1表示并列、顺承关系的并列连词有 and。2表示转折关系常用的并列连词有 but, yet(然而), where
3、as(然而，但是), while(然而)等。3表示因果关系的并列连词有 for, so 等。4表示选择关系常用的并列连词有 or, either . or ., not . but, neither . nor .等。二、祈使句and/or/otherwise 句式Practise listening to English every day, and you will make progress soon.If you practise listening to English every day, you will make progress soon.每天都练习听英语，很快你就会取得进步
4、。Hurry up or we will be late.If you dont hurry up, we will be late.快点儿，否则我们就迟到了。A few more efforts and you will succeed.If you make a few more efforts, you will succeed.再努力些，你会成功的。规律总结1祈使句and陈述句If .，主句。2祈使句or陈述句If . not .，主句。考点一 并列连词1(2013重庆高考)Its not easy to change habits, _ with awareness and self
5、control, it is possible.Afor BorCbut Dso解析：选 C 句意：改变习惯不容易，但是只要有意识和自控力，改变是可能的。由前后分句的意义可知，此处表示转折关系，故用 but。2(2013北京高考)Dont turn off the computer before closing all programs, _ you could have problems.Aor BandCbut Dso解析：选 A 句意：在你关闭所有的程序之前不要关掉电脑，否则可能会出现问题。此处 or 表示“否则” 。3(2013新课标全国卷)Theres no way of knowi
6、ng why one man makes an important discovery _ another man, also intelligent, fails.Asince BifCas Dwhile解析：选 D 句意：我们无法得知，为什么一个人有重大发现，而另一个人，也很聪明，却失败了。根据句意可知，空处前后为对比关系，故应用 while，表示“而，但是” 。考点二 祈使句and/or/otherwise .4(2013上海高考)_ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the r
7、eading is about.ATo look BLookingCHaving looked DLook解析：选 D 分析句子结构可知，此处是固定句型“祈使句连词(如 and, or .)陈述句” ，故 D 项正确。5(2011辽宁高考)Bring the flowers into a warm room _ theyll soon open.Aor BandCbut Dfor解析：选 B 句意：将花放到暖和的房间里，它们将会很快开放。根据句意可知此处表示顺承关系，故用 and 连接。注意此句为“祈使句and陈述句”句型。(二)状 语 从 句一、时间状语从句1when, while, asN
8、ancy enjoyed herself so much when she visited her friends in Sydney last year.南希去年去悉尼看望她的朋友时玩得很开心。I want the girls to experience that while they are young.我希望那些女孩们趁着年轻的时候去体验一下那样的生活。As time goes on, its getting warmer and warmer.随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖和了。When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came a
9、cross an old friend of mine.当我沿大街行走时，碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。规律总结(1)when 既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。(2)从属连词 while 引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。(3)从属连词 as 可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成，可译为“一边，(一边)”或“随着” 。(4)如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此时 when, while 与 as 可互换使用。2when 的特殊用法I was about
10、 to call Tom up when he came to my house.我正想给汤姆打电话，这时他来我家了。We were having a class in the classroom when a big explosion came.我们正在教室里上课，这时传来了一声巨大的爆炸声。He had just finished his homework when his mother asked him to play the piano.他刚完成作业母亲就让他弹钢琴。规律总结when 引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时” ，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。常见句型有
11、：Error!Error!when 还可表原因，意为“既然” 。3表示“刚就，一就”的常用表达The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.No sooner had he finished his speech tha
12、n the students started cheering.(2011辽宁高考)他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.我刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。规律总结(1)as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner . than ., hardly/scarcely . when .和 once(一
13、就)这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生， 常译为“一就” 。(2)no sooner . than .，hardly/scarcely . when .的时态搭配：no sooner 与hardly/scarcely 后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而 than 与 when 引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把 no sooner 和 hardly/scarcely 提到句首时，应用倒装语序。4before 与 sinceYou must learn to consult your feelings and your reason before you
14、 reach any decision.(2013湖南高考)在做任何决定之前，你必须学会顾及自己的情感和理智。John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job.(2010陕西高考)约翰认为他不久就会为他的新工作做好准备。It was several years before I realized that David had lied to me.(2014山西四校模拟)几年之后我才意识到大卫对我撒谎了。As is reported, it is 100 years since Qinghua University w
15、as founded.(2011四川高考)据报道，自从清华大学成立已经有 100 年了。规律总结(1)before 表示“还未就；不到就；才；趁；还没来得及就，在之前” 。(2)It will be一段时间before .“多久之后才” 。(3)It wont be long before .“不久之后就” 。(4)It was一段时间before .“过了多久才” 。(5)It is一段时间since .“自从多久了” 。5表示“每次；下一次”的常用表达Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out.每当我处于困境，他就会来帮助我。Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.下次你来这里的时候，一定记着把你儿子带来。The last time she saw James, he was lying in bed.上次她看见詹姆斯的时候，他正躺在床上。规律总结every time, each time, next time, the last time, any time 等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当；每次；下次”等。6till, until 和 no
