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1、Transference of meaning 词义的转移,definition：some words which were used to designate one thing but laterchanged to mean something else, known as transference or transfer of meaning有些词原来指称某些事，后来发生了改变指称另外的事物,paper: papyrus (纸莎suo草) paper (made from rags, wood ,straw,)pulps：wood-pulp(木浆)(纸浆)penknife: sharp
2、en quill pen has nothing with pen at all,Types of transference:,Associated TransferTransfer between abstract and concrete meaningsTransfer between subjective and objective meaningsSynesthesia,Associated Transfer（联想转移）： known as figurative extension of meaning,human body: lip, tongue, tooth, nose and
3、 eye,e.g.: the lip of a wound /cup the tongue of a bell the tongues of fire the teeth of a saw / comb the nose of a plane /ship the eye of a needle /target,(伤口的边缘/茶杯沿),（铃舌）,（火舌）,（锯齿/梳齿）,（飞机头/船头）,（ 针眼/靶心）,Transfer between abstract and concrete meanings 抽象意义与具体意义的转移,1.Concrete -to-abstract aftermath:
4、a second crop of grass after mowing consequence or result,grasp：a firm hold with the hands and arms power or ability to understand e.g. She seems to have a good grasp of the subject.,（abstract）,stage: a platform on which to perform theatre,drama,or acting as a profession e.g. Mabel retired from the
5、stage some years ago.,(abstract),2.Abstract-to-concrete room: space（空间）房间 e.g.There is a plenty of room for improvement.This flat has three rooms.,nerve :,This terrible disease causes physical atrophy(萎缩) of the optic (视觉的) nerves. Nobody had the nerve to remind him that he was several hours late already.,（concrete）,(abstract),Thank you!,
