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1、农业昆虫学-蔬菜害虫第二节第二节 农业害虫种类农业害虫种类概述v中国主要蔬菜种类简介v中国主要蔬菜害虫种类简介v蔬菜地生态系统的特点v蔬菜害虫的发生特点及对防治的要求Part 1Part 1 中国主要蔬菜种类中国主要蔬菜种类Group 1 Group 1 Chinese Cabbage Group Flowering Chinese Cabbage菜心 Pak-choi白菜、油 菜 Chinese Cabbage etc.Family: CruciferaeGenus: Brassica芸 薹属Group 2 Cole Crop-甘 蓝类 Chinese kale-芥蓝 Cauliflower
2、-花椰 菜 Broccoli-绿菜花 Cabbage-甘蓝Family: CruciferaeGenus: BrassicaGroup 3 Group 3 Green VegetablesWater spinach-空 心菜Lettuce-生菜Celery-芹菜 Family:Convolvulaceae 旋 花科 Compositae菊科Chenopdiaceae藜 科Group 4Group 4Gourds葫芦类Chieh-qua-节瓜 Wax gourd（ winter melon)-冬瓜 Cucumber Sponge gourd- 丝瓜 Pumpkin, etc.Family:Cuc
3、umbitaceae- 葫芦科Group 5Group 5Vegetable legumes-豆类 Asparagus bean Kidney bean- 芸豆 Vegetable pea- 豌豆 Vegetable soybean毛豆Family: Laguminosae-豆科Group 6Group 6Solanaceous Fruits- 茄果类 Tomato Egg plant Pepper, etc.Family: SolanaceousGroup 7Group 7Root Vegetable Radish-萝卜 Carrot-胡萝卜 Table beet.樱桃萝 卜Family:C
4、ruciferae UmbelliferaeGroup 8Group 8Tuber Crops Taro-芋头 Yam-山药 Yam bean Ginger-姜 Potato, etc.Family: Araceae-天南星科 Dioscoreaceae-薯蓣科 Zingiberceae姜科Group 9Group 9Bulb Crops Onion Chinese chive-韭菜 Garlic-大蒜 Scallion-葱, etc.Family: LiliaceaeGroup 10Group 10Aquatic Vegetables Watercress西洋芹 lotus root-莲藕
5、Chinese arrowhead-慈 姑 Water bamboo-茭白, etc.Family: Cruciferae Nymphaeaceae睡莲科 Alismatacea-泽泻科（慈姑 ） Gramineae-禾本科一、中国蔬菜一、中国蔬菜 主要害虫简介主要害虫简介十字花科蔬菜害虫鳞翅目 小菜蛾、 菜青虫斜纹夜蛾、甜菜夜蛾、粉纹夜蛾、 菜螟同翅目甘蓝蚜、萝卜蚜桃蚜 鞘翅目黄条曲跳甲大、小猿叶甲 茄、瓜、豆类蔬菜害虫鳞翅目 棉铃虫、烟青虫、玉米穗蛾 小地老虎、豇豆荚螟、 豆野螟 粉虱类烟粉虱（A型、B型）温室白粉虱、 纹翅粉虱 螨类 朱砂叶螨、截形叶螨、 二斑 叶螨、侧多食跗线螨其它节瓜
6、蓟马、瓜蚜、美洲斑潜蝇 、黄守瓜、黑守瓜害虫种类小菜蛾小菜蛾 Plutella xylostella (L.)Diamondback mothDiamondback moth菜青虫菜青虫 PierisPieris rapaerapae (L.)(L.) Cabbage Butterfly1. 1. Its Its host host include include BrassicaBrassica species. species. Cultivated Cultivated and and wild wild CruciferaeCruciferae. . It It is is wides
7、pread widespread throughout throughout Europe Europe and and much much of of Asia, North Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, Canada, USA and Mexico. Asia, North Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, Canada, USA and Mexico. 2. Damage:The larvae feed singly, usually deep in the cabbage heart, ma
8、king holes in the leaves, even eat up all leaf 2. Damage:The larvae feed singly, usually deep in the cabbage heart, making holes in the leaves, even eat up all leaf blade, only the main veins are left, with blade, only the main veins are left, with frassfrass accumulation. The caterpillars prefer to
9、 feed in the heart of the accumulation. The caterpillars prefer to feed in the heart of the cabbage and occasionally cause heavy infestations and partial defoliation. In Guangdong Province there may cabbage and occasionally cause heavy infestations and partial defoliation. In Guangdong Province ther
10、e may be 7-8 generations per year.be 7-8 generations per year. 3. Identification3. Identification Adult:Adult is a white butterfly with a wingspan about 45-55 mm in the female. The wings bear Adult:Adult is a white butterfly with a wingspan about 45-55 mm in the female. The wings bear several black
11、markings.several black markings. Eggs:The bulletin-like eggs are laid singly on low surface of the leaves. There are many vertical ridges on the Eggs:The bulletin-like eggs are laid singly on low surface of the leaves. There are many vertical ridges on the surface of egg.surface of egg. Larva: Fully
12、-grown larva is about 30 mm long, velvety green with a faint yellow dorsal strip, and a row of yellow spots along each side in line with the spiracles. Pupa:Pupa:The pupa is shuttle-like form, sharply angled, attached usually to the underside of the The pupa is shuttle-like form, sharply angled, att
13、ached usually to the underside of the leaf by a loop of silk.leaf by a loop of silk.Eggs Eggs Larva Larva Adult Adult Pupa Pupa 1.It is a totally polyphagous pest and feed on a very wide range of crops including vegetables, cotton, rice, tomato and tobacco. Other host plants include Citrus, cacao, s
14、weet potato, rubber legumes, sorghum, maize etc. 2.Distribution:It mainly distributes in South and Eastern Old World tropics, including Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, China, Korea, Japan, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines, Indonesia, Austral-Asia, Pacific islands, Hawaii and Fiji. 3.Damage:Thi
15、s caterpillar is basically a leaf-eater. Heavy infestations can seriously defoliate the crops, especially the young plants. Newly hatched larvae are gregarious and remain together and skeletonize the leaf on which they feed. Later they disperse and become more solitary and nocturnal in habits. One generation can be completed in as little as 24-30 days, and in the humid tropics there may be 8 generations annually. 4. Identification: Adult : The adults are pale brownish moth, with the yellow-brown fo
