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1、山东农业大学硕士学位论文 I摘 要 农地与农民的日常生产生活具有密切关系，作为基本的生产要素，其职能主要体现为生产功能。但实际上，由于长期以来城乡二元结构、农村社会保障体系的缺失、现行的土地制度等原因，农地同时承担了社会保障职能。从农地社会保障功能的角度研究农村土地制度， 可以为研究我国土地制度提供一个新的认识视角和分析框架，对推进土地制度的改革和完善、增加农民收入、提高农民生活水平等具有非常重要的意义。基于此目的，本文对土地社会保障功能的基本内容、利弊及其影响因素等进行系统分析和论述， 试图寻找解决农地社会保障功能和生产职能矛盾的方法，并达到科学利用农地社会保障功能和实现农民增收的目的。本文
2、着重研究了以下方面的问题： 首先，分析了我国农地承担社会保障功能的原因。长期以来的城乡二元经济结构使得城乡基本公共服务十分不均衡， 除部分地区开展农村养老保险和新型农村合作医疗保险外，覆盖整个农村的社会保障体系尚未建立。而以家庭承包责任制为基础的土地制度则赋予了农地社会保障的功能， 使之成为农村社会保障的主体。通过理论分析结合问卷调查，农地的社会保障功能主要体现为：最低生活保障、养老保障、失业保障和心理保障。 其次，进行农地承担社会保障功能的利弊分析。一方面农地的社会保障功能对填补城乡基本生活保障方面具有重大的意义， 主要体现为填补了城乡之间最低生活保障、养老保险制度、基本医疗保险的差距；另一
3、方面农地的社会保障功能对于其基本的生产功能有一定影响，主要体现为影响土地流转和规模经营。根据建立完善城镇社会保障体系所需的资金计算， 目前农地保障所节省的用于建立农村社会保障体系的资金远超过农地潜在的生产利润， 因此农地承担社会保障功能利大于弊。 第三，进行农地社会保障功能的影响因素分析。农地的社会保障功能体现为和农地有关的货币收入和实物， 因此农地社会保障功能的影响因素主要有两个方面： 土地生产收入和土地产权交易价值。 土地生产收入从农地产出， 农产品价格，农业生产成本等方面对农地社会保障功能产生一定的影响。同时，土地产权交易价值的影响则体现在农地使用权流转和土地有偿征用两个方面。 第四，针
4、对农地社会保障功能的影响因素，提出科学利用农地社会保障功农地社会保障功能研究 II能的对策建议：在提高农地产出收入方面，推广农民专业合作社和新型农业产业化模式；在实现农地交易价值方面，清晰界定土地产权，积极实行农地转租，探究合理的征地补偿机制。 关键词： 农地，社会保障功能，对策农地，社会保障功能，对策 山东农业大学硕士学位论文 IIIAbstract Farmland is closely related to farmers daily production and living. As a basic factor, the main function of farmland is pr
5、oduction function. However, for the reason of long-time existed urban-rural dual structure, the lack of social security system in rural areas and the current land system, farmlands also assume the function of social security. Studying the rural land system from the perspective of its social security
6、 function provides a new perspective and analytical framework for the study of Chinese land system, which has important meaning to the reform of land system ,the increase of farmers income and the improving of farmers living. For these propose, this dissertation analyses the content, the advantages
7、and disadvantages, and the factors of the social security function of farmlands, in order to find the way to solve the contradictions of the production function and the social security function of farmlands, and in the end, reach the propose of scientifically use the social security function of farm
8、lands and increase farmers income. This dissertation focuses on these problems: Firstly, this dissertation analyses the reasons of the social security function of farmlands. The long-time existed urban-rural dual economic structure leads an unbalance situation for the basic public service between ur
9、ban areas and rural areas. Except the rural endowment insurance and the new rural corporate insurance in several regions, there is not a social security system which covers the entire rural areas. The land system which based on the household contract responsibility system give farmlands the function
10、 of social security and makes it the main part of rural social security system. According to the theatrical analyse and the survey, the social security function of farmlands is mainly embodied in : minimum living security function, pension security function, unemployment security function and psycho
11、logical security function. Secondly, this dissertation analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the social security function of farmlands. On the one hand, the social security function of farmlands has significant meaning on filling the gap of minimum living security, endowment insurance system
12、and the basic medical insurance between urban and rural area. On the other hand, the social security function of farmlands has influence on its basic production function which mainly embodies on the land transfer and the scale operations. According to the calculation of the fund which is needed to e
13、stablish and improve the urban social security system, the saving of the fund from the 农地社会保障功能研究 IVestablish of rural social security system is exceeding the profits from production, which means that the advantages of the social security function of farmland is much more than its disadvantages. Thi
14、rdly, this dissertation analyses the influencing factors of the social security function of farmlands. The social security function of farmland embodies on the money income and the real goods, which means the influencing factors includes the income of production and the value of land property exchan
15、ge. The land production influence the social security function on the production, the price of agricultural and the cost of production, while the value of land property exchange influenced on the transfer of land use right and the land compensation for expropriation. Fourthly, based on the influenci
16、ng factors, this dissertation gives countermeasures on the function of social security of farmland. Improving farmers corporation system and the new patterns of industrialization of agriculture in order to increase the income of production, and defining land property rights, implementing farmlands leasing, exploring reasonable land compensation mechanism in order to realize the value of farmland exchange. Key words: farmland，function of social security，countermeasures关于学位论文原创性和使用授权
