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1、1大学英语四六级作文讲义大学英语四六级作文讲义篇章段落部分篇章段落部分 一，引言段 四六级作文考试虽然对作文的要求不高。但 “麻雀虽小，五脏俱全”,如果能有一个自然得体，因人注目 的开头肯定会使文章增色不少。现将主要的开篇方法列举如下： 1 议论文 开篇写法开篇写法 第一小类（论辩类）第一小类（论辩类） 要求列举对立双方对某个问题的不同看法并陈述各自理由，如: 2000.6 Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? 1. 很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是。 。 。 2也有人持不同意见 3我的看法和打算 这类文章常用开篇的方法有开门见山法和演绎法1.
2、., most/many people believe that ., but other people withFacedtocomesit When about askedWhen y.differentlit consider . as . regard句型 1 是开门见山法的典型句型，第一段直接说明两类人对于同一问题持不同看法。 2. When it comes to ., peoples opinions differ. Some hold the opinion that ., while others claim that .句型 2 是演绎法的典型句型，peoples opin
3、ions differ.是后面句子的综述。3. There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the of . Some people claim that ., while others ideaviewrolebelieve that . 第二小类（利弊类）第二小类（利弊类） 要求作者对某个事物或现象的两面性进行列举和比较。 1996.1 Two-day Weekend 1. 双休日给大学生带来的好处。 2双休日可能产生的副作用 3我是怎样过双休日的。 2005.12 月四级对高校成为旅游目的地的不同看法。 对于利弊类文章，引言段
4、通常采用背景介绍法。 常用句式： 1.Recently/presently the phenomenon/issue/problem of has been brought into focus/aroused public attention/become a heated topic/been in the limelight. 2.In the pastyears, many have been faced/troubled/confronted with 3.Nowadays/Recently, one of the hottest/most popular topics/proble
5、ms many people complain/talk about is 运用背景介绍法开头后可以采用举例法或者引用数据展开第一段的写作。 下面大家分析作者用什么方法展开的第一段。 Nowadays, one of the hottest problems many people complain about is piracy. Books, tapes, VCDs and other 2high-tech products have been pirated. For instance, when a new product comes into market, most probabl
6、y, its pirated version will soon show up in the market, too. 第三小类（观点类）第三小类（观点类） 要求作者直截了当的提出本文要论证的观点或要解决的问题。 常用句式 1.Now there is a growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to ./Now people are becoming increasing aware/ conscious of the importance of 2.It is true that . No one can deny. 3., Whic
7、h has been generally accepted. The truth of it is deep and profound/ self-evident. 用这样的句子开头后可以采用演绎法进行扩展 例文No one can deny that, in China, the development of agriculture is essential to the overall development of economy. The truth of it is self-evident. As we know, there are more than 900 million pe
8、asants in China. So the significance of development agriculture cant be overemphasized in China. 主题句：提出论点-农业的发展对整个经济的发展至关重要。扩展句一：强调论点正确性-其中 的道理显而易见。扩展句二：论点正确性的表现-中国有 9 亿多农民。结尾句：重申论点-发展农业的 重要性在怎样强调也不过分。 第四小类（数据类）第四小类（数据类） 这类作文要求考生分析描述图表。 常用句式：1 From the Chart/graph/table, we clearly learn that there
9、is,which has aroused great/common concern. 2 The bar charts above display that 3 According to the chart/graph/table/, it is clear that 开篇句式后可以对图表进行详细描述 例文 The Bar charts above display that an increasing number of young people tend to surf the internet more and more frequently in Beijing. In 1995, on
10、ly 5 million youngsters had access to the Internet, spending about half an hour, whereas in 1999 about 4 million young students spent almost seven times longer time online. 主体段落写法主体段落写法 引言段结束以后，就要进入一篇作文最重要的主题段落了。在四六级写作给出的提纲中有时没有开头结 尾，直接就会进入主题段落。 一般说来，主体段包含两到三段，每段都必须有自己的中心，他们负责从不同的方面详细阐述考生在引 言段中提出的主要
11、观点，起到支撑观点，丰富文章内容的作用。在四六级考试中，应该尽量把主题句放在句 首。因为很少有阅卷老师有耐心到段中甚至段尾去寻找主题句。 主题句一般可分为两个部分-主题和限定词。如：1 Different people spend their weekends in different ways. 在这句主题句中， “ Different people spend their weekends” 讨论主题，而 “in different ways” 则是限 定的讨论范围。2 Working at a part-time job while studying at a university ha
12、s many advantages. 在这句主题句中， “working at a part-time job while studying at a university” 讨论主题，而 “many advantages ” 则是限定的讨论范围。3 Hobbies are important for many reasons. 在这句主题句中， “Hobbies are important ” 讨论主题，而 “for many reasons ” 则是限定的讨论范围。 常见的主题句1 Many remarkable factors contribute to this argument. 3
13、属于不完整主题句，因为并没有提及讨论主题，但显然我们可以看出下面文章行文方向将是以原因为主。 Many remarkable factors 是讨论范围。2 No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements 属于不完整主题句，这个句子主要是讨论主题，下面的行文应该通过几个方面来说明这个观点3 There are several reasons why we should protect our environment 完整主题句，有观点，也有范围。可以适当模仿。4 There are many reasons accounting for
14、this phenomenon.属于不完整主题句，和例句 1 相类似。5 Up to now, I still can remember clearly what happened that evening that summer. 主题句，记叙文中起到引起段落的作用，值得大家注意。6 There are two points to support my argument. 和例句 1 类似。7 Many remarkable examples contribute to this argument. 和例句 1 类似。8 The following ways can be adopted t
15、o organize a picnic well. 属于比较规范的主题句。9 Some effective measures can be taken to solve the problem. 属于比较规范的主题句。10Many a factor plays an important role in the course. 和例句 1 类似。 练习：就下面的段落给出适当的主题句 1. How to Keep Health _. Firstly, it is very important for us to eat more fruits and vegetables because they can provide vitamins and help in the process of digestion. Secondly, we have to keep a balanced diet and maintain regular eating habits. Thirdly, wed better do exercise everyday to make our bodies strong. Besides, we have to avoid too much work pressure. 2. On Juvenile Crime _
