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1、2014 年教材电子版年教材电子版 B 级级 阅读理解部分阅读理解部分 第第 17-33 篇篇 17 Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a Boost Eating potatoes is not only good for bowel health，but also for the whole immune system， especially when they come in the form of a potato salad or eaten cold. In a study on an animal model，researchers
2、 in Spain found that pigs fed large quantities of raw potato starch (RPS)1 not only had a healthier bowel, but also decreased levels of white blood cells, such as leucocytes and lymphocytes in their blood. White blood cells are produced as a result of inflammation or disease， generally when the body
3、 is challenged. The general down-regulation of leucocytes observed by the Spanish researchers suggests an overall beneficial effect, a generally more healthy body.2 The reduction in leucocyte levels was about 15 percent. Lower lymphocyte levels are also indicative of reduced levels of inflammation b
4、ut the observed reduction in both lymphocyte density and lymphocyte apoptosis is surprising. In what was the longest study of its kind，pigs were fed RPS over 14 weeks to find out the effect of starch on bowel health. “The use of raw potato starch in this experiment is designed to simulate the effect
5、s of a diet high in resistant starch, ” said study leader Jose Francisco Perez at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona3，Spain. Humans do not eat raw potatoes，but they do eat a lot of foods that contain resistant starch， such as cold boiled potatoes，legumes，grains，green bananas，pasta and cereals. Ab
6、out 10 percent of the starch eaten by human is resistant starch 一 starch that is not digested in the small intestine and so is shunted into the large intestine where it ferments. Starch consumption is thought to reduce the risk of large bowel cancer and may also have an effect on irritable bowel syn
7、drome (IBS)4. Immunology expert Lena Ohmans team previously found that the overall lymphocyte levels do not vary for IBS patients, but that lymphocytes are transferred from the peripheral blood to the gut, which support the hypothesis of IBS being at least partially an inflammatory disorder. She say
8、s the decrease in lymphocytes observed by the Spanish is therefore interesting, and a diet of resistant starch may be worth trying in IBS patients. Ohman is currently at the Department of Internal Medicine, Goteborg University, Sweden5. The study is published in the journal Chemistry and Industry, t
9、he magazine of the SCI6. 词汇： boost /burst/ vt. 8cn,提高，举起 bowel /baul/ n.(常用复数）肠 salad /saebd/ n.色拉（西餐中的一种凉拌菜） Spain /spein/ n.西班牙 starch /staitj/ n.淀粉 leucocyte /1( j)uik9sait/ n.白细胞 lymphocyte / 丨 limfosait/ n.淋巴细胞 inflammation / 丨 infb 丨 meijan/ n.炎，炎症；发 炎部位 down-regulation n.下调，向卞调节 Spanish /spae
10、nij/ adj,西班牙的 indicative /indikstiv/ adj.指示性的；象征性的；预示性的 density /denssti/ n.密度 apoptosis /,aep9pt9usis/ n.细胞凋亡（细胞的自然死亡） simulate /simjuleit/ vt 模仿，模拟resistant /rizistsnt/ adj.有抵抗力的；耐久的 Barcelona /丨 ba:si 丨 buns/ n.巴塞罗那（西班牙港市） legume /legjuimigjuim/ n.豆， （豆）荚 pasta /paests/ n.意大禾!j 面食 cereal /sisril/
11、 n.(常用复数） （作为主粮的）谷物类digest /did3est,dai-/ v.消化 intestine /intestin/ n.(常用复数） 肠 shunt /jAnt/ v.(使）分流 ferment /f3:ment/ v.(使）发酵 immunology /iimjuinDbdsij-mju-/ n.免疫 学 peripheral /psnfsrol/ adj.周围的;表面的 gut /gAt/ n.肠 hypothesis /haipD0isis/ n.(学说的）假设，假定 inflammatory /inflaemstori/ adj.发炎的，炎 性的 注释： 1. ra
12、w potato starch (RPS)：未经加工的土豆淀粉 2. The general down-regulation of leucocytes observed by the Spanish researchers suggests an overall beneficial effect, a generally more healthy body.西班牙研究者们所观察到的白 血球水平整体下调意味着未经加工的土豆淀粉具有全面的 有益作用，也就是总的来说身体是更加 健康。 3. Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona 是西班牙一个少 数民族语加泰隆语，意为
13、“巴塞罗那 自治大学”。这 是该大学的原名。 4. irritable bowel syndrome (IBS):肠易激综合征 5. Department of Internal Medicine, Goteborg University, Sweden:瑞典哥德堡大学内科医学系 6. SCI (Science Citation Index):科学引文索引。美国科 学信息研究所 1961 年创办出版的引文数据库。 练习：练习： 1 What form of potato is the most nutrient to the human body? A Potato soup. B Potat
14、o cake. C Potato salad. D Hot boiled potato. 2 What does the reduction in leucocyte levels in the body mean? A It may mean the reduced levels of inflammation. B It may mean somewhere in the body is inflamed. C It means that the body is challenged. D It means that the body cannot produce leucocytes a
15、ny more. 3 For what a purpose did the researchers use raw potato starch in their experiment? A They wanted to observe how the leucocyte levels reduced in the experimental pigs. B They wanted to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch. C They wanted to see how much potato an experimental pig ate every day.D They wanted to see how much body weight each experimental pig gained in the end. 4All of the following foods are rich in resistant starch EXCEPT A pasta. B grains. C legumes. D vegetables. 5What a kind of starch is
