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1、职场英语：优秀的思考者都符合三个要素I am often asked how to identify the best innovators. People want to know if there are key personality characteristics that determine who will be able to innovate. I agree that it would be great to have a simple test you could give people to figure out who will come up with the mos
2、t ideas and be able to bring them to fruition.经常有人问，怎么才能挑选出优秀的思考者？他们是想知道，一个人的创造力是不是要有什么特别的天赋。或许我同意这种说法，我想，如果有一个建议的测试法子能测出这些能力者，那就好了。The science behind innovation, though, tells a much more hopeful story. The best innovators exhibit three core behaviors. The best part about recognizing that innovatio
3、n is fundamentally about behavior is that behaviors can be changed much more easily than the motivational elements underlying personality characteristics. As a result, anyone can improve his or her ability to innovate by adopting these behaviors.创造力背后的科学原理，其实更像一个充满期待的故事。出色的革新者通常都有三个核心表现。辨别革新能力其实最主要在
4、于个人行为的革新，而且其中最值得关注的，就是改变个人行为比改变潜藏于个性特征下的动机要素更容易。因此，每个人都可以采用下面这些行为措施来提高自己的革新能力。1. Learn widely1. 广泛的学习The best innovators have a base of knowledge that is both broad and deep. They start with an area of expertise that they deeply understand. They have a lot of causal knowledge, meaning that they are
5、good at answering the question, Why? particularly in their core area of expertise. They understand both the big picture in that area of work as well as the fine details of how things work. To keep up with developments in their area of expertise, they are constantly learning more by reading, attendin
6、g lectures, and engaging in discussions with other experts.出色的革新者都有广泛而深厚的知识基础。他们先从自己最熟悉的专业领域着手。他们具备大量的因果知识，也就是说，他们很懂得回答“为什么？”这个问题，在专业的知识领域尤为明显。他们既能纵观该任务领域的广阔蓝图，也熟知事物运转的细节。为了掌握专业领域的发展趋势，他们会不断阅读，参加讲座，参与研讨会来丰富知识储备。Innovators dont stop with their core expertise, though. They know that the best ideas com
7、e from combining their core knowledge with insights that come from other areas. They recognize that drawing analogies from one area to another often provides the basis for new insights. As a result, innovators also explore new intellectual terrain regularly.不过，革新者不会局限于自己的专业领域里。他们都了解，所有的绝妙点子都需要把自己的专业
8、知识和其他领域的观点结合起来。他们知道，把一个领域的观点方法运用到另一个领域里，有助于产生新的见解。所以，革新者们也会常常探索新的领域。That means innovators seek out the time to learn about new things. It can be difficult to find this time, because the workplace is often busy. Taking the time to develop new areas of competence requires prioritizing learning over ot
9、her aspects of a job.这就意味着革新者们会找时间学习新的知识。虽然想要腾出这部分时间不太容易，因为日常工作已经够忙碌了。所以腾出时间去掌握新技能就需要把学习放在其他工作任务之前了。If you are trying to identify the best innovators, then you need to look for the most curious people. Who spends their time trying to learn? Who asks the most questions? Who is not satisfied to hear a
10、n answer, but really wants to know why that answer is correct?如果你正在寻找最出色的革新者，那么你就观察一下谁是最具有好奇心的人。谁愿意花时间去学习？谁最喜欢提问题？谁最不满意于单纯的答案，更想去了解答案成立的原因？2. Generate a lot of ideas2. 想出许多新点子When the time comes to find ways to solve new problems, research on creativity confirms that the people and groups who come u
11、p with the best ideas are the ones who come up with the most ideas. The more ideas you develop, the more likely that you will find a great idea.当人们需要想出解决新问题的方法的时候，有与创造力相关的研究证实了，那些想出最好点子的人们和群体，同时也是想出最多点子的人们。所以如果你能想出越多的点子，你就越有可能发现最好的那个点子。This means the best innovators also come up with a lot of bad id
12、eas. It is important to realize that, because when you are looking for good innovators, it is tempting to focus on people who had a particularly good idea. You might be tempted to discount the innovation capacity for anyone who has a bad idea.不过这也意味着，最出色的革新者也会想出许多糟糕的点子。我们有必要清楚这个问题，因为当我们在寻找不错的革新者的时候，
13、我们很容易关注那些有一个相当好的点子的人身上。那么我们就可能对得出糟糕点子的人的印象大打折扣了。Anyone can stumble on a good idea once. The people who generate lots of possibilities, though, have a better chance of being serial innovators. When the tendency to generate good ideas is coupled with a wide base of knowledge, then you have two core in
14、gredients for a great innovator.每个人都会偶尔遇到好的点子。能够想出多种可能性的人，就会有很大的机会成为持续的革新者。而当产生好点子的趋势伴随着广泛的知识基础，那么你就发现了出色革新者的两个重要因素了。3. Care about the details3. 注重细节Creativity is wonderful, of course, but as one of my graduate advisers used to tell me all the time, Ideas are cheap. That is, having an idea is the ea
15、siest part of the process of innovation. The hard part is taking that idea and turning it into something that can be put into practice.没错，创造力是很美妙的，不过我的一位研究生导师以前总是跟我说：“想法很廉价。”也就是说，产生一个想法是革新过程中最容易的部分。而困难的，就在于把这个想法转变成能够付诸实践的东西。As a result, the details matter a lot. A good innovator takes an idea and th
16、en focuses on how it can be implemented. Indeed, innovators spend much more time honing the details of a new project than they do on spouting off ideas.因此，细节就变得很重要了。一个好的革新者会选择一个想法，然后投入思考如何才能把它变为现实。确实如此，革新者们都会花相当多的时间去打磨细节，而不会浪费时间耍嘴皮子。That means innovators have to be willing to commit to identifying the obstacles that will prevent a new idea from succeeding. Then they have to assemble a team that will adapt the idea to the world in which it is going to be used.因此，革新者们就得
