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1、非谓语动词 第一、二、三课时一、 学情分析非谓语动词在英语学习当中占了很大的比例，而学生时常不能很好地处理该部分知识点，经常分不清是什么是谓语，什么是非谓语，更搞不清楚什么时候该用谓语，什么时候该用非谓语；其中过去分词和现在分词的用法尤为混乱，不能很好地判断何种情况该用现分，何种情况该用过分；非谓语动词的相关练习做得不够多，综合运用能力较低。二、 教学目标1. 知识与技能A 了解非谓语的种类及构成；B 学习各种非谓语动词的主要用法；C 能够在语篇中正确完成非谓语动词的相关练习。2. 过程与方法A 举例法B 演示法C 类比法D 图解法3. 情感态度与价值观A 培养学生的规范语言表达；B 让学生体
2、会语言的灵活多变。三、 教学重、难点1. 非谓语动词的种类及其用法；2. 语篇中非谓语动词的正确使用；四、 渗透法制教育五、 教学过程Before class:(先学任务) 1、写出你所知道的非谓语动词的结构。基本类型：1.to do 2.v-ing 4.v-ed二、用所给动词的适当的非谓语形式填空。1.Having a trip abroad is good for the old couple, but it remains _ (see) whether they will enjoy it.答案to be seen2.Life is a journey _ (fill) with ha
3、rdships, joys and special moments.答案filled3.Nowadays people separate their waste to make it easier for it _ (reuse)答案to be reused4._ (try) out different ideas, we are now getting closer to the answer.答案Having tried5.He didnt keep on asking me the time any longer as he had had his watch _ (repair)答案r
4、epairedDuring class:Step1: warming up & lead in 1. Check students assignment and introduce what they will learn in this class.2. Show the sentences and pictures on the PPT.1) To see is to believe.2) The teacher went into the classroom, followed by his students.3) The man sat under the moonlight, mis
5、sing his hometown.4) Seeing is believing. 3. 非谓语动词的种类和基本用法。Step2: 动词不定式用法一、不定式的语法意义：1. 不定式一般式：表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，或者发生在它的后面；I heard her sing. (唱和听见同时发生 )I expect to come back next Sunday.(“回来”发生在 “预计”之后)2. 不定式完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前；He pretended to have reviewed his lessons.形式对比项目动词不定式(to do) 动名词(do
6、ing) 现在分词(doing) 过去分词(done)意义相当于名词、形容词、副词，往往有将来意味相当于名词，指经常性、习惯性的动作相当于形容词、副词，往往有现在意味相当于形容词、副词，本身兼有被动、完成意义充当句子成分主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语、状语主语、宾语、表语、定语表语、宾补、定语、状语表语、宾补、定语、状语主动一般式 to do doing doing done被动式 to be done being done being done主动完成式 to have done having done having done形式被动完成式to have been done having be
7、en done having been done否定式 在上述各种非谓语动词形式之前直接加 not 主动形式 被动形式一般式 to do to be done完成式 to have done to have been done进行式 to be doing 无完成进行式 to have been doing 无I am glad to have met you before.3. 不定式进行式：表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生；She seems to be waiting for somebody.When he came to see me, I happened to be tak
8、ing a bath.4. 不定式完成进行式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，并延续到那个时候，可能仍在进行；She is said to have been waiting a novel this year.She seemed to have been working on a difficult maths problem.5. 主动语态：一般表示主动的意义，但有时也可以表示被动意义；They began to learn Japanese last winter.Some stars are too far to see.(= to be seen)6. 被动语态：表示被动的
9、意义；The composition contest is to be held next month.She is anxious to be invited to the ball.2、不定式的句法功能：1. 作主语：一般表示具体的某次动作。1)不定式作主语时，谓语用单数： To do such things is foolish. 2)主系表结构： To see is to believe.3)当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用 it 做形式主语，将不定式放到谓语的后面。 常用于下列结构中：(1)It is/was +adj.+(of sb.) to do（如 good/ kind/ nice
10、/ clever/ foolish/ selfish）(2)It is +adj.+(for sb.)+to do（如 easy / difficult / hard / / unwise / possible/ necessary）(3)It is +a/an +名词+ to do.（如 a pity/ a shame / a pleasure /ones duty / an honor ） (4)It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience to do(5)It requires courage / patience / hard work t
11、o do2. 作表语：常表示将来的动作或状态。Her wish is to become a lawyer.3. 作宾语：ask, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish 等只能用动词不定式作宾语。注意:1.某些及物动词可用 -ing 也可用动词不定式作宾语但意义不同 stop/ go on/ remember/ forget/ regret/ try/ mean
12、.2.某些及物动词 think, believe, consider, feel, find, make 等后常用 it 作形式宾语。4作定语：当不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，要用主动表被动。Xiao Li is a very nice person to work with.He wants you to be his assistant. The pen is very nice to write.(用主动表被动)5. 作状语：表示目的、结果、原因和情况，不定式的逻辑主语通常是全句的主语；To make a living, he had to work from morning to t
13、ill night. (目的)6. 作宾语补足语：宾语是不定式的逻辑主语，不定式在表示知觉的动词和使役动词后，不用 to ，在动词 help 后 to 可用可不用。这些动词有 see, hear, feel, watch, notice; have, make, let 等。但如果句子是被动语态，则 to 不可省略。He asked me to help him.She usually helped her mother (to) wash clothes on Sundays.7. 同位语: Is this your purpose, to avoid being punished?8. 独
14、立成分: To tell you the truth, I dont like you. 类似的有：to be frank 坦率地说，to cut a long story short 长话短说，等等。3、不定式的其他用法1. “疑问词+不定式”结构，不定式可以和 who, whom, whose, what, which, when, how, where, whether 等连用，构成动词不定式短语，在句子中起名词作用，可作主语，宾语，表语等成分。Where to go has not been decided.(主语)We dont know what to do next.（宾语）2.
15、 “形容词 +不定式”结构，部分形容词可后接不定式，与句子主语在逻辑上构成主谓关系，这类形容词多是表示思想感情的，如，eager, sure, glad, lucky 等。I am glad to hear the news.She is sorry to have missed the show. 3. 不定式的省略：1）表示感觉的动词（see, watch, listen to, look at 等 ）后作宾语补足语时，to 可省略； 2）使役动词 make, let, have 后；3）help 后可省，可保留，被动语态要保留 to; 4）两个不定式并列时，保留第一个，其余省略；5）ha
16、d better, would rather than, cannot but, do nothing but 等后可省略 to.当堂导练一：用括号中动词不定式的适当形式填空。1. Its an honour for me _(ask) to deliver a speech at the meeting.2. We found them _ (work) hard all the time.3. I dont like myself _(praise) like that.4. She was glad _(give) a chance to visit this beautiful city.5. I am sorry _ (keep) you waiting so l
