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1、形容词与副词,形容词,一、形容词 1、特点： 表示名词或代词的特点与状态。它在句中作定语、表语、补足语及状语。部分形容词与the 连用，表示一类人，在句中做主语或宾语。 2、形容词做定语的位置： 1）、几个形容词同时修饰同一个名词时，其位置为： 大小-形状-颜色-材料-产地 a big round red wooden table 2)、音节较短的词放在音节较长的词前。 a small but comfortable room 3 )、如有代词、数词、形容词同时出现时，其位置为： 代词-数词-形容词 other two little Chinese boys,3、形容词的作用： 1）、作定语
2、，常放在名词前，冠词后。 a little boy a five-year-old boy 短语作定语时，放在名词后： a、短语形容词：数词单位词复数形容词 He is a boy about five years old . b、不定式： There is a lot of work to do . c、分词短语： The teacher playing basketball with us is our headteacher . Those invited to the party are my friends . d、单个分词作定语放在名词前。 The sleeping boy is
3、very lovely . a broken glass,e、在代词something /anything /nothing 中，形容词放最后。 I have something important to tell you . 2、作表语，用于系动词后，表示主语的特点与状态。 Trees grow green in spring . I am interested in English . 3、做补足语 a、在make/keep/leave/paint/push/force/tear/beat/find/think/consider 宾语形容词。 This thing made me angr
4、y . b、在make /find/ think /consider it 形容词不定式句 。 The rainy weather makes it impossible for us to go on a trip . I find it important to learn English well . 4、用于句末，表示主语的状态，做伴随状语。 He returned home, tired and hungry .,4、特殊词的形容词比较级： good /well -better-best bad-worse-worst badly-worse-worst far -farther -
5、farthest (表示距离) -further-furthest (表示程度） old-older-oldest （表示老少、新旧） -elder-eldest （表示长幼） late-later-latest （表示时间） -latter-last （表示顺序） lately 近来 later on 后来 elderly 年长的 Are you feeling any better today ? My elder brother is three years older than me . how much farther should I walk ? Look at those tw
6、o men . The former is taller than the latter .,5 、比较结构的应用： 1）、平行比较 asas 同一样 否定 not so as 常可用quite 修饰 a Li lei is as tall as Wu peng . He is not so tall as me . 2）、比较级than He is taller than me . 注：同类比较，常用any other 修饰名词。 He is taller than any other student in our class. 不同类比较，常用other 修饰名词。 China is la
7、rger than other student in Africa.,3）、no 比较级 than 表示平行比较，相当于“as.as ” He is no taller than me . 4）、比较级and 比较级 表示越来越。多音节用“more and more” The little girl becomes more and more beautiful. 5）、the 比较级从句，the 比较级从句。表示“越.就越” The harder you study, the more progress youll make . 6、比较级的修饰词 常用any/much/far /a lit
8、tle/a lot/even/still/slightly/by far 等修饰比较级，by far 修饰比较及时，比较级前加the . There are much more books in our library than in theirs . 7、cant/couldnt 与比较级和程度副词连用，表示肯定。 I cant agree with you any more .,8 、few/ a few / little / a little / a bit of 的用法。 few 与 a few 修饰可数名词，little 与 a little 修饰不可数名词。 few 与little
9、 表示否定，a few 与a little 表示肯定。 a bit of 表示 一点 / 一些 Few students knows the news. A few students know him well. There is a little water in the bottle . There is a bit of wood in the room .,副 词,1、特点： 副词在句中可做定语、表语、补足语及状语。 2、应用： a、作定语，放在名词后。 The man upstairs often made the man downstairs angry . The car ove
10、r there belongs to me . b、作表语。 常用为：be away /out /in /here /there 注：here 、there 常放句首，主语为名词时，主谓倒装。 Here is a book for you . 主语为人称代词时，用正常语序。 Here you are . Her I am .,c 、做补足语。用于“with 名词副词”结构中。 We have our class with the lights on . d 、作状语： He studied hard ,so he took the first place in the exams. 3、形容词
11、变副词的特殊形式： terrible-terribly possible-possibly probable-probably 形容词与副词同形词。 late/ far /well/ likely /early 4、副词的区别： 1）、always / often / usually / ever / seldom /never . always 表示总是，表示经常性，常可与进行时连用。 He always help others .,The boy is always borrowing money from others . often 常常 ，指一个经常性，习惯性的动作。 We ofte
12、n go home on weekends. usually 往常 、常常 As a child , I usually went swimming on Sundays in summer . seldom 很少 I seldom go to the cinema . ever 曾经 never 从不 I have ever heard of him ,but I have never seen him . 2）、very /pretty/much / too/ so / enough /及that 的用法 very /pretty 表示非常，修饰形容词与副词的原级。 He did it p
13、retty well.,I like English very much . much 可表示非常，修饰副词，也可作形容词，修饰名词，表示很多。 too much 修饰名词，“太多” much too 修饰副词 I have no too much money to buy much too expensive a car . too 太 构成too.to do . 太 而不能 The boy is too young to go to school by himself. rather too 很 ，相当 The problem is rather too difficult to work
14、 out . so 如此. So.that/ so .as to do so a名词 如此一个 He is so good a teacher that we all like it .,He studied so hard that he often took the first place . so many/much /few /little （少）形容词that There are so many deer that they have eaten up all the roses . enough 足够的 修饰形容词与副词放在后。 The child is old enough to
15、 go to school by himself. that 表示程度，修饰形容词。 I cant afford that expensive a car . 3、also /too/either/yet/as well 表示也 also 用于be 的后面，实意动词的前面，助动词与实意动词之间。 He is also a teacher . I also saw him yesterday . He has also finished his homework .,too 用于肯定句末，与主句分开。 He is a teacher ,too. either 用于否定句末，与主句分开。 I dont like fish ,either . yet 用于完成时，常用于否定与疑问。也可与although 连用，表示 “转折” He hasnt turned up yet . Although it was raining hard ,yet the workers kept on working at th
