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1、第四讲名词与主谓一致限定词及谓语动词的形式是确定名词单复数的关键 示之以范 _原则这样运用1(2017全国卷)She has turned down several _(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.invitations解析：invitation“邀请”是可数名词，其前有several修饰，应用复数形式。2(2017浙江卷6月)Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out
2、a handful of small _(carrot) and was about to throw them away.carrots解析：carrot是可数名词，根据a handful of“一把”可知，应用复数形式。3(2016全国卷)The nursery team switches him every few _(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed.days解析：every few可数名词复数，意为“每隔”。4(2017郑州第三次质量预测)Now Im feeling regretful and dis
3、turbed. Im not sure whether a computers repair shop can get the documents back._computerscomputer解析：考查名词，computer在此为名词作定语。5(2017洛阳统一考试)Once I broke a neighbor window. Seeing nobody around, I ran away immediately._neighborneighbors解析：考查名词所有格形式。此处用名词所有格形式作定语，修饰名词window。 通关点击 _原则这样解读1不定冠词a，an后用名词单数形式。2
4、有some，many，all，both等词修饰时名词用复数形式。3名词前有one of时，名词用复数形式。4谓语动词是复数，名词作主语时确定名词为复数。5名词的所有格：主要用于表示有生命的人或物的名词，其变化方法如下：构成例词一般是名词词尾加sMikes computer迈克的电脑以s或es结尾的复数名词，只在词尾加students reading room学生阅览室词尾不带(e)s的复数名词，仍加schildrens game孩子们的游戏Womens Day妇女节6.熟记名词的数：(1)可数名词的数可数名词单数变复数的规则变化可数名词的复数形式通常是在单数形式词尾后加s或es，规则的复数构成
5、形式如下：变化规则例词一般情况下在词尾直接加stabletablesparkparks以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词在词尾加esbusbusesboxboxeswishwisheswatchwatches以辅音字母加y结尾的名词将y变为i再加esfamilyfamiliesbutterflybutterfliesdictionarydictionaries以元音字母加y结尾的名词在词尾直接加sdaydaysholidayholidaysmonkeymonkeys以o结尾的名词一般在词尾加sphotophotosradioradios有些在词尾加espotatopotatoestomatotom
6、atoes以f或fe结尾的名词一般变f或fe为v，再加esknifekniveswifewiveslifelivesleafleaves少数直接加sroofroofsbeliefbeliefs有些名词复数形式不是以加s或es构成，它们的不规则构成形式如下：变化规则例词变内部元音manmenwomanwomenfootfeetmousemicetoothteeth词尾加en或renoxoxenchildchildren单复数同形fish，sheep，deer，means(方式；方法)，series, Chinese, Swiss名词前有man或woman修饰，变复数时，作定语的man/woman
7、和中心词都要变成复数形式。man doctormen doctors男医生woman workerwomen workers女工(2)不可数名词的数一般来说，物质名词和抽象名词是不可数的，因此没有复数形式，一般也不能用a或an修饰。通常只用作不可数名词的名词有：milk，music，homework，housework，weather, news, butter, information，bread，advice，progress，orange juice(橙汁)，equipment，meat，fun，luggage，luck，work(工作), traffic, furniture，weal
8、th，word(消息)，room(空间)，man(人类)等。word意为“消息”，room意为“空间”，man意为“人类”时，通常不带任何修饰词。 Word came that the meeting will be held on Friday.有消息称会议将于周五召开。名词的词性转换冠、代、介词首先看 示之以范 _原则这样运用1(2017全国卷)This development was only possible with the _(introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts.introduction解析：空格前是冠词，空格后是of所有
9、格，故此处用名词形式。2(2016全国卷)But for tourists like me, pandas are its top _(attract)attraction解析：根据前面的its及形容词top“头等的；最重要的”可知，后面跟名词形式。3(2016全国卷)Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _(achieve)achievement解析：介词of后应用名词作宾语。此处achievement表抽象意义，意为“成就感”，故用单数形式。4(2016全国卷)Some peopl
10、e think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479BC., influenced the _(develop) of chopsticks.development解析：根据空格前面的the可知，所填词应用名词形式。 通关点击 _原则这样解读1根据名词的功能来判断是否需要填名词。名词在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语、宾语补足语等。做题时可以根据提示词在句中所作的成分判断空格处是否需要填名词。2根据语境来判断是否需要填名词。名词通常出现在及物动词、形容词、介词以及限定词之后
11、。3填名词时，一定要注意单复数及拼写。主谓一致语法、意义、就近原则统筹看 示之以范 _原则这样运用1(2017天津卷)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _(regard) as one of the best allround forms of exercise.is regarded解析：三种锻炼形式与动词regard之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语后有along with连接的短语时，谓语动词的数应与主语保持一致，即与cycling一致，此处谓语动词应用单数形式，故填is regarded。2(2016全国卷)Leav
12、ing the less important things until tomorrow _(be) often acceptable.is解析：分析句子结构可知，句中动名词短语leaving the less important things until tomorrow作主语，故谓语动词用单数。3(2017福建福州八中高三质检)As the saying go, “United we stand; divided we fall.”_gogoes解析：句中的主语是the saying，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。4(2017浙江金丽衢十二校高三第一次联考)She took the lift
13、 to the eleventh floor, and the secretary showed her where her desk and her computer was._waswere解析：在where引导的宾语从句中，主语是her desk and her computer，谓语动词须用复数形式。5(2017吉林长春外国语学校第二次质量检测)You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class._knowknows解析：know是定语从句中的谓语动词，其形式由先行词person确定。由于person是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。6(2017甘肃兰州一中高三月考)Each student learn a foreign language, mostly English, from Day One of their compulsory education._learnlearns解析：主语是each student，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
