句句 子子 成成 分分 分分 析析 主语主语主语主语(Subject)(Subject)v1. Mr. Chen is a well-known scientist.v2. He works very hard at school.v3. To go to a good university is his first goal.v4. Doing morning exercise is good for your health.___________________________________________________名词名词代词代词不定式不定式动名词动名词 谓语谓语谓语谓语(Predicate)(Predicate)，只有动词才可作谓语只有动词才可作谓语只有动词才可作谓语只有动词才可作谓语v1. We love China.v2. We have finished reading v this book.v3. He can speak English.v4. She seems tired._________________________________ 宾语宾语宾语宾语(object)(object)，位于，位于，位于，位于vtvt后或介词后。
后或介词后后或介词后后或介词后v1. She is doing her homework now.v2. We love watching football games.____________ 英语中哪些成分可以充当宾语英语中哪些成分可以充当宾语英语中哪些成分可以充当宾语英语中哪些成分可以充当宾语? ?v1. We often help him.v2. He likes to play basketball.v3. We enjoy listening to the music.v4. She said that he felt sick.v5. They are talking about the new student.________________________________________________________代词代词不定式不定式动名词动名词宾语从句宾语从句_______ 介词宾语介词宾语 宾语补足语：宾语补足语：宾语补足语：宾语补足语：和宾语构成复合宾语宾语和宾语构成复合宾语宾语和宾语构成复合宾语宾语和宾语构成复合宾语宾语和宾补之间存在内在逻辑上的主谓关系和宾补之间存在内在逻辑上的主谓关系。
和宾补之间存在内在逻辑上的主谓关系和宾补之间存在内在逻辑上的主谓关系v1. They elected John monitor.v2. We call him Iron Ox.v3. The doctor told me to do more v exercise.v4. They made her happy.v5. He is going to have his hair cut.v6. They saw a bird flying in the sky._______________________________ ________________________________________ 连系动词连系动词连系动词连系动词, ,其后面的成分叫作表语其后面的成分叫作表语其后面的成分叫作表语其后面的成分叫作表语v1. I am a teacher.v2. They are on the playground.v3. My job is teaching English.v4. It gets cold.v5. It sounds interesting.___________________________________________常见的系动词有常见的系动词有be 动词动词,还有还有get ,become, turn, grow 等表等表 “变得变得”的词的词, 和感观动词和感观动词sound, look, smell等。
等 定语定语定语定语是用来说明名词或代词性质特点的词是用来说明名词或代词性质特点的词是用来说明名词或代词性质特点的词是用来说明名词或代词性质特点的词v1. The black bike is mine.v2. She is a chemistry teacher.v3. The man in blue is my brother.v4. The girl playing the piano is my younger sister.v5. The lady who is wearing red dress is our new teacher.__________________________________________________形容词形容词介短介短现在分词短语现在分词短语定语从句定语从句名词名词_____ v1. The shortest distance between two points is a straight line.v2. We didn’t meet anybody new at the meeting.v3. He is a man suitable for the job. __________________________________________•单个词作定语一般位于所修饰词前面，单个词作定语一般位于所修饰词前面， •短语或从句作定语位于被修饰词后面。
短语或从句作定语位于被修饰词后面•形容词修饰不定代词要后置形容词修饰不定代词要后置 状语：修饰动词、形容词、句子等状语：修饰动词、形容词、句子等状语：修饰动词、形容词、句子等状语：修饰动词、形容词、句子等 v1. We often help him.v2. I really don’t like the food.v3. He did his homework carefully v at home.v4.Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.v5. When I grow up, I am going to be a doctor.____________________________________________时间状语从句时间状语从句 v1. 小桃一回到家就睡觉了小桃一回到家就睡觉了vXiao Tao went to bed as soon as she came home.v2. 我吃完饭就去。
我吃完饭就去vI’ll go when I have had my dinner. v 英语五种基本句型：英语五种基本句型： 基本句型一：基本句型一： ＳＳ ＶＶi （主＋谓）（主＋谓） 基本句型二：基本句型二： ＳＳ ＶＶ Ｐ（主＋系＋表）Ｐ（主＋系＋表） 基本句型三：基本句型三： ＳＳ ＶＶt ＯＯ （（主＋谓＋宾）主＋谓＋宾） 基本句型四：基本句型四： ＳＳ ＶＶt ｏｏ ＯＯ v （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 基本句型五：基本句型五： ＳＳ ＶＶt ＯＯ ＣＣ v （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 基本句型一基本句型一基本句型一基本句型一 主谓主谓主谓主谓 （（（（S + ViS + Vi））））§S + VivShe cooks at home.vHe is working hard.vWhat he said does not matter.vThe pen writes smoothly.v该句型的该句型的vi后不可以带宾语，但是后不可以带宾语，但是可以带状语。
可以带状语 基本句型一基本句型一基本句型一基本句型一 主谓主谓主谓主谓SViShecooks at home.Heis working hard.What he saiddoes not matter.The pen writes smoothly. 基本句型二基本句型二基本句型二基本句型二 主系表主系表主系表主系表vS+V+PvHe is happy.vEverything looks nice. vHis face turned red. 基本句型二基本句型二基本句型二基本句型二 主系表主系表主系表主系表SVPHeishappy.Everything looksnice. His faceturnedred. 基本句型三基本句型三基本句型三基本句型三 主谓宾主谓宾主谓宾主谓宾 vS+Vt+OvWe study English every day.vThey are playing football.vHe enjoys reading.vShe said “Good morning.” 基本句型三基本句型三基本句型三基本句型三 主谓宾主谓宾主谓宾主谓宾SVtOWeTheyHeShestudyare playingenjoyssaidEnglish every day.football.reading.“Good morning.” 基本句型四基本句型四基本句型四基本句型四: : 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾vS Vt（及物）（及物）O（多指人）（多指人）O（多指物）（多指物）vI give him a book.vMy mother bought me a pen yesterday.vI showed him my picture. 基本句型四基本句型四基本句型四基本句型四: : 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾SVt（及物）（及物）O (人人) O (物物)Igivehima book.My motherboughtmea pen yesterday.Ishowedhimmy picture. 基本句型五：基本句型五：基本句型五：基本句型五： 主＋谓＋宾＋宾补主＋谓＋宾＋宾补主＋谓＋宾＋宾补主＋谓＋宾＋宾补vS+Vt（及物）（及物）+O (宾语宾语)+C（宾补）（宾补）vWe must keep the door open.vThe news makes me happy.vWe call him Jim.vHe told me to wash the plates.vI saw a thief going into your room. 基本句型五：基本句型五：基本句型五：基本句型五：主＋谓＋宾＋宾补主＋谓＋宾＋宾补主＋谓＋宾＋宾补主＋谓＋宾＋宾补SVt（及物）（及物）O (宾语)C（（宾补））Wemust keepthe door open.The newsmakesmehappy.WecallhimJim.Hetoldme to wash the plates.Isawa thiefgoing into your room. 说出下列句子的语法成分。
说出下列句子的语法成分说出下列句子的语法成分说出下列句子的语法成分v1. Please close the window before you leave your home.v2. Wang Lin is one of my close friends.v3. We must keep the window open.v4. I forgot to mend my watch.v5. They are watching TV now. v6. I would like a bottle of water.v7. He often waters the flowers.v8. The beautiful girl will go to Nanjing on a fast train.v9. His brother swims fast.v10. Let me have a swim.v11. Strange things happened in the countryside of Yangxi. 。