Module 3Journey to space 1. To summarise and consolidate the use of the present perfect tense together with just, yet and already2. To be able to understand listening and reading materials on space travel3. To learn to make a poster about space travelObjectives Observe the following sentences carefully and pay attention to the words in red.1. I’ve just made a model spaceship.2. Has it arrived yet?3. Astronauts have already been to the moon.4. We have not found life on any other planets yet. 5. But no one has been to Mars yet.6. Scientists have not discovered life on Mars yet.7. I haven’t started yet because I’m not sure how to make it.8. They have just received a message from one of our spaceships. 1. I ____ ____ _____ (make) a model spaceship.2. ____ it _______ (arrive) ____?3. Astronauts _____ ______ ______ (be) to the moon.4. We _____ ____ _____ (not find) life on any other planets ____ . have just madeHas arrived yet have already been have not foundyetgo Ready? 5. But no one ____ _____ (be) to Mars ____ .6. Scientists ____ ____ __________ (not discover) life on Mars ____.7. I ____ ____ ______ ____ (not start) because I’m not sure how to make it.8. They ____ _____ _______ (receive) a message from one of our spaceships. has beenyet have not discovered have not started yet have just receivedyet 当表示动作当表示动作已经完成已经完成并并对现在有一对现在有一定影响定影响时，我们一般用时，我们一般用现在完成时现在完成时来表来表达。
此时，可以分别用达此时，可以分别用just，，already或或yet加以强调或说明加以强调或说明 如：如：Present perfect with already, just and yet I have just heard the news.我我刚刚听到消息听到消息Astronauts have already been to the moon.宇航员宇航员已经已经去过月球了去过月球了We have just started to explore other planets.我们才我们才刚刚刚刚开始探索其他行星开始探索其他行星The scientists have not heard from it yet.科学家科学家还没有还没有收到它发出的信息收到它发出的信息Man has not discovered any life in space yet.人类人类尚未尚未在太空中发现任何生命在太空中发现任何生命Have the children come home yet? 孩子们孩子们已经已经回家了吗？回家了吗？ 从以上例句可以看出，从以上例句可以看出，just 表示表示“刚刚刚刚”，，already 表示表示“已经已经”，两者都用于，两者都用于肯定句肯定句中，一般置于中，一般置于have/has之后。
之后yet则可用于则可用于否定句和疑问句否定句和疑问句中，在否定中，在否定句中表示句中表示“还未还未”，有，有“以后可能会以后可能会”的含义，而在疑问句中表示的含义，而在疑问句中表示“已经已经”的的意思 already just ever yet never总结：常与现在完成时连用的副词总结：常与现在完成时连用的副词肯定句肯定句疑问句和否定句疑问句和否定句置于句末置于句末其余的副词则置于助动词其余的副词则置于助动词have/has之后，之后，V-ed之前之前 A: Have you…?B: Yes, …/ No, … (using already, just, ever, yet, never) 现在完成时表示该事件是在现在之前现在完成时表示该事件是在现在之前 的某一个时间里发生的，的某一个时间里发生的， 重点在于强调已完成动作对重点在于强调已完成动作对 现在的影响现在的影响一般过去时表示在过去某一具体时一般过去时表示在过去某一具体时 间发生的事情间发生的事情 I have just been to London. I went there last month.我刚去过伦敦，上个月去的。
我刚去过伦敦，上个月去的I have already finished my homework. I finished it an hour ago.我已经完成家庭作业了，一小时前完我已经完成家庭作业了，一小时前完成的 当当 A 问对方把自己的书放在何处时，他问对方把自己的书放在何处时，他强调的是强调的是现在找不到了现在找不到了，故用，故用现在完成现在完成时时但B的回答只是说明的回答只是说明当时放的位置当时放的位置，，故用故用一般过去时一般过去时A: Where have you put my book? I can’t find it. B: I put it on your desk yesterday.当没有明确的过去时间状语时，判断该当没有明确的过去时间状语时，判断该用现在完成时还是一般过去时的标准是：用现在完成时还是一般过去时的标准是：看看该行为是否对现在有影响，即该句所该行为是否对现在有影响，即该句所强调的是什么强调的是什么如：如： A: Would you like to go and see the film with me tonight? 你今晚想和我去看电影吗？你今晚想和我去看电影吗？B: Sorry, I have seen it already. 不好意思，我已经看过那部电影了。
不好意思，我已经看过那部电影了此时的现在完成时表示对此时的现在完成时表示对结果的强调：结果的强调：“电影看过电影看过了，所以不想再看了了，所以不想再看了” Astronauts have (1)_______ been to the moon but they have not been to any other planets. However, a spaceship has (2) _____ arrived on Mars and it has (3) ______ sent back photos of the red planet. Is there life on Mars? We do not know (4)______.alreadyjustalreadyyetP21Complete the news with already, just and yet.1Spaceship on Mars! ☺The spaceship has gone to Mars. It has gone there, but it has not come back yet.☺Astronauts have been to the moon. They went there and then they came back.P222 Look at these sentences. Now choose the correct answer.1. Astronauts have been / gone to the moon and returned.2. The spaceship has been / gone into space. It will travel for ten days.3. The astronaut has been / gone to the space station. He will come back tomorrow.4. The spaceship has been / gone to the space station. It brought back two astronauts. have/has been have/has gone1. A spaceship ________ to Mars. It is coming back to the earth next year.2. Lots of astronauts ________ to the space station. They found it very interesting.3. Some astronauts _________ to the moon twice.4. Two British astronauts __________ to the space station. They will come back in January. has gone have been have been have goneP233 Complete the sentences with the expressions in the box. Nicky: I’ve just (1)_______(watch) a great TV programme about space. Did you know that scientists have (2)________ (discover) water on Mars? Bill: Yes, I did. And scientists (3)________ (try) to find life on Mars now. Nicky: Yes, they’re looking for life but they (4) __________ (not find) anything yet. Bill: There were some new photos of Mars in the newspaper today. (5) ______ you _____ (see) them yet?Nicky: Yes. They’re amazing! haven’t found seenHavewatcheddiscovered are tryingComplete the conversation with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.4P61Work in pairs. Role-play the conversation. Complete the email with the words in the box. been just met never read written yetP236readbeennevermetwrittenyetjust 1. The astronaut joined CNSA _______ years ago.2. He has flown in a spaceship ______ times.3. He felt ______ when he was in the spaceship.4. He has been to the space station _______.5. The earth was blue and very ________ when he saw it from the space station.6. He decided to be an astronaut because he has always been ____________ in space.beautifulinterestedP247 Listen and complete the notes.sixtwoexcitedtwice Complete the word map with the words and expressions in the box.P258 astronaut Mars spaceship space station the earth the moon the sunSPACE space travel solar system spaceship astronaut space station Mars the sun the earth the moon In July 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first (1)__________ to walk on the (2)_______. People all around the world watched their televisions and waited for the (3)_______ to (4)_______ the earth. We have now (5)_________ a lot more about our solar system, and we have sent (6)_________ to Mars, but no one has walked on that planet (7) _______. But I believe one day someone will!newsreachdiscoveredspaceshipsyet astronaut discover moon news reach spaceship yetastronautmoonComplete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.9P25 Making a poster about space travel☺ Work in groups. Choose a subject, for example, the first moon landing or China’s manned space travels. Look for some photos and information about it. ☺ Write captions for the photos and use the information you found in Activity 10 to write a description of each one. ☺ Give your poster a title. Put it up for your classmates to see. 1. 现在完成时常与现在完成时常与already, just或或yet等状等状语连用。
语连用just表示表示“刚刚刚刚”，，already表表示示“已经已经”，两者常用于肯定句中，，两者常用于肯定句中，一一般放于般放于have/has之后之后；；yet常用于常用于否定句否定句，，表示表示“还未还未”的含义2. 当没有明确的时间状语时，当没有明确的时间状语时，判断是否该判断是否该用现在完成时的标准用现在完成时的标准是：是：谓语动词的行谓语动词的行为是否对现在造成影响为是否对现在造成影响，如果对现在有，如果对现在有影响，则用现在完成时影响，则用现在完成时 注注: 另附另附word文档 点击此处链接点击此处链接 1. —Peter, have you finished your homework? —Yes, Miss Lin. I’ve ____ finished it.2. —What are you going to do this Sunday? —I haven’t decided ___. 3. —Shall I tell Sally about it? —No, you needn’t. I’ve told her _______.Ⅰ. 用用already, yet 和和 just 完成句子。
完成句子justyetalready 4. I have __________ done the heavy work and now I feel very tired.5. — Have you read the book Who moved my cheese? — Yes, I have _______ read it several times.6. — Have you visited Mountain Tai ___? — Yes, I went there last week.alreadyyetjust/already Ⅱ. 根据提示写出正确的句子根据提示写出正确的句子1. 他刚拍了许多照片他刚拍了许多照片 (take photos) 2. 玛丽已经回来了吗？玛丽已经回来了吗？ (come back) 3. 我们已经到公交车站了我们已经到公交车站了 (arrive at)He has just taken many photos.Has Mary come back yet?We have already arrived at the bus station. 1. — Lily, why are you still here? School is over for half an hour. — Because I ___ my task yet. I still need one more hour. (2014南京南京) A. won’t finish B. didn’t finish C. haven’t finished D. hadn’t finished 2. — Mr. Li will check our homework this afternoon. ___ you ____ it? — Not yet. I’m doing it right now. (2014南昌南昌) A. Do; finish B. Had; finished C. Will; finish D. Have; finished3. — The Amazing Spider Man 2 is on these days. It’s fantastic. —Really? But I _______ it yet. (2014湖州湖州) A. didn’t see B. won’t see C. haven’t see D. is not seeing 4. Julie’s father _____ to London last month. He ____ there three times. （（2013江苏连云港）江苏连云港）A. went; had gone B. has gone; has beenC. went; has been D. has been; had gone5. — Dave, we will leave in 10 minutes. Are you ready? — No, I ____ our guide book and towels yet. （（2013广西玉林）广西玉林）A. don’t pack B. didn’t pack C. have packed D. haven’t packed 6. — ____ your son ______a camera? —No. He _____ one this summer vacation. （（2013山东威海）山东威海） A. Has ... bought; will buy B. Did ... buy; bought C. Does ... buy; bought D. Does ... buy; will buy7. —Why is Mr. Yang still in the teachers’ office? —Maybe he ________ his work yet. （（2013四川凉山）四川凉山） A. doesn’t finish B. hasn’t finished C. haven’t finished 8. —Will you go and see the movie Net Mother with me? —Thank you. But I _____ it already. （（2012山东济宁）山东济宁） A. saw B. have seen C. see D. will see9. I began watching here an hour ago, but now nothing _____ yet. （（2012绵阳市）绵阳市） A. happen B. will happen C. happened D. has happened 10. —I’d like to introduce my best friend to you, Peter. —Thank you, Lucy. But we _____ already. (2011河南河南) A. meet B. met C. will meet D. have met 1. Finish the exercises in Learning English.2. Preview the new words and expressions in Module 4.Homework 。