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1、 2022年职称英语真题之理工类A级阅读理解2Real-World RobotsWhen you think Of a robot，do you imagine a shiny ,metallic device having the same general shape as a human being，performing humanlike functions，and responding to your questions in a monotone(单调的)voice accentuated(强调)by high-pitched tones and beeps This is the
2、way many of US imagine a robot，but in the real world a robot is not humanoid at allinstead，a robot often is a voiceless ,box- shaped machine that efficiently carries Out repetitive or dangerous functions usually performed by humans. Today“ s robot is more than an automatic machine that performs one
3、task again and again A modern robot is programmed with varying degrees of artificial intelligence，that is，a robot contains a computer program that tells it how to perform tasks associated with human intelligence，such as reasoning，drawing conclusions，and learning from pastA robot does not possess a h
4、uman shape for the simple reason that a two-legged robot has great difficulty remaining balancedA robot does，however，move from place to place on wheels and axles(轮轴)that roll and rotateA robot even has limbs that turn round and move in combination with joints and motorsTo find its way in its surroun
5、dings, a robot utilizes various built -in sensorsAntennae attached to the robot”s base detect anything they bump intoIf the robot starts to shake as it moves on an incline，a gyroscope(陀螺仪)inside it senses the vertical differential .TO determine Its distance from an object and how quickly it will rea
6、ch the object，the robot bounces beams of laser. light and ultrasonic sound waves off obstructions(障碍物)in its pathThese and other sensors constantly feed information to the computer，which then analyzes the information and corrects or adjusts the robots actionsAs science and technology advance the rob
7、ot too will progress in its functions and use of artificial intelligence programs,36 The writer begins the passage by comparingA a real-life robot with a fictional robot.B the shape of a human being with a boxC an imaginary machine with a humanD a robot with a computer program37 The word “humanoid”
8、in Paragraph 1 meansA lacking human feelings考试大论坛B lacking human characteristicsC having a human form and characteristicsD lacking human intelligence38 According to the first paragraph，artificial intelligence isA the unnatural way in which robots moveB a voiceless，boxshaped machine that performs rep
9、etitive tasksC a computer program that imitates human intellectual processesD a sensor that detects troubles in a robot39 The last paragraph suggests that future robots willA surpass human beings in intelligenceB be more humanlike in behavior and actionC use a laser to transmit informationD will perform very complicated household jobs40 Another good title for this passage would beA Robots：Taking the Place of HumansB Artificial Intelligence ProgramsC ModernDay SensorsD Today S Robots and How They Function
