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1、最新高一英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(科普环保)(及答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Robots are now being employed not just for dangerous tasks, such as discovering mines or rescuing people in disasters. They are also finding application as household helps and as nursing assistants. As increasing numbe
2、rs of machines, equipped with the latest artificial intelligence, take on a growing variety of specialized and everyday tasks, the question of how people see them and behave towards them becomes ever more urgent. A team led by Sari Nijssen of Radboud University and Markus Paulus, Professor of Develo
3、pmental Psychology at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), have carried out a study to determine the degree to which people show concern for robots and behave towards them based on moral principles. According to Sari Nijssen, the study set out to answer the following question: Under what circumsta
4、nces would adults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives? The participants were faced with a hypothetical (假设的) moral dilemma: Would they be prepared to put a single person at risk in order to save a group of injured persons? In the situations presented the intended victim was either a h
5、uman, a humanoid robot that had been humanized (人性化的) to various degrees or a robot that was clearly recognizable as a machine. The study suggested that the more the robot was humanized, the less likely participants were to sacrifice it. Situations that included vivid stories in which the robot was
6、described as a merciful being or as a creature with its own understandings, experiences and thoughts, were more likely to stop the study participants from sacrificing it in the interests of anonymous (无名的) humans. This result indicates that our study group attached a certain moral status to the robo
7、t, says Paulus. One possible suggestion of this finding is that attempts to humanize robots should not go too far. Such efforts could come into conflict with their intended functionto be of help to us.（1）What has become a concern about robots? A.How to humanize them.B.How to treat them in life.C.How
8、 to use them effectively.D.How to find more applications.（2）In the study the participants probably have to decide _. A.when to sacrifice a robotB.where to experience risksC.which robot to work withD.what robots should be like（3）What can be inferred from Paulus words? A.Humanized robots offer less he
9、lp to people.B.Humanizing robots too much may be improper.C.Certain moral status should be attached to robots.D.Conflicts often happen between humans and robots.（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A.Robots, A Must for FutureB.Humanized Robots, A New TrendC.Robot Saved, Pe
10、ople Take the HitD.Humanized Robots, Replace Human【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着越来越多的机器人具有人性化，它们承担越来越多样化的专业和日常任务，人们如何看待他们，如何对待他们的问题变的迫在眉睫。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“As increasing numbers of machines, equipped with the latest artificial intelligence, take on a growing variety of specialized and ev
11、eryday tasks, the question of how people see them and behave towards them becomes ever more urgent.”可知，随着越来越多的机器装备了最新的人工智能，承担着越来越多的专业和日常任务，人们如何看待它们以及如何对待它们的问题变得越来越紧迫。故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“According to Sari Nijssen, the study set out to answer the following question: Under what circumstances would a
12、dults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives?可知，在这项研究中，参与者可能必须决定何时牺牲机器人。故选A。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的This result indicates that our study group attached a certain moral status to the robot, says Paulus. One possible suggestion of this finding is that attempts to humanize robots should not go t
13、oo far. Such efforts could come into conflict with their intended functionto be of help to us.可知，Paulus认为让机器人人性化的尝试不应该走得太远，可以推断出，Paulus认为过多地人性化机器人可能是不合适的。故选B。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第四段中的“The study suggested that the more the robot was humanized, the less likely participants were to sacrifice it.”及全文内容可知，文章主要叙
14、述了随着越来越多的机器人具有人性化，参与者就可能越不会牺牲机器人。因此标题“机器人被拯救，人类就会承受打击”最切题，故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科教类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Tablets are really useful devices, but their big screens always make them as a burden to carry around wi
15、thout a bag. Wouldnt it be great if there were a phone with the powers of a tablet that could be folded up and fit neatly into the hand? Now something like a tablet-shaped but foldable phone is about to become available. In February, South Korean electronics company Samsung and Chinas Huawei both launched foldable phones, the Galaxy Fold and Huawei Mate X respectively. Mobile phone use has entered the foldable future, The Verge noted. The technology could change our lives in significant ways. These devices, due to their bendable screens, give us the larger screens we want. Meanwhile, the
