《城市垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理工艺设计》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《城市垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理工艺设计（57页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、目录摘要Abstract前言11概述21.1垃圾渗滤液的来源及特征21.2国内外目前垃圾渗滤液处理现状及未来发展方向31.2.1我国垃圾渗滤液处理经历的阶段31.2.2垃圾渗滤液处理工艺比较51.2.3渗滤液处理中存在的问题81.2.4今后的研究方向82设计说明书102.1总论102.1.1设计任务和内容102.1.2基础资料102.2渗滤液处理工艺流程说明102.3处理构筑物的设计计算112.3.1格栅的设计计算112.3.2调节池的设计计算152.3.3混凝沉淀池的设计计算172.3.4 UASB的设计计算272.3.5改良SBR的设计计算362.3.6臭氧氧化设备的设计计算412.3.7
2、活性炭吸附装置的设计计算432.3.8贮泥池的设计计算442.3.9污泥浓缩池的设计计算452.3.10污泥消化池的设计472.3.11污泥脱水设备的设计482.3.12综合间492.3.13效率评估492.3.14场区市政设施设计502.3.15总结50参考文献51致谢52附录53城市垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理工艺设计摘 要本次毕业设计的内容是对城市垃圾渗滤液的处理进行工艺设计。渗滤液的处理量为400m3/d，主要去除物质有SS、CODcr、BOD5和NH3-N，处理水质执行生活垃圾填埋污染控制标准（GB16889-1996）二级排放标准。主要任务是确定该渗滤液处理的工艺流程和相关构筑物的尺寸计算
3、。通过对渗滤液特征研究，主体生化处理工艺采用UASB+SBR，再经由臭氧氧化对其进行深度处理。SBR工艺是将脱氮除磷的各种反应通过时间顺序上的控制，在同一反应器中完成。SBR工艺系统组成简单，曝气池兼具二沉池的功能，无污泥回流设备，耐冲击负荷，污泥沉降性能好。臭氧氧化可将废水中呈溶解状态的有机物和无机物彻底消除，而不会产生污染物被浓缩的化学污泥。所设计的处理工艺流程为：原水经格栅闸阀井进入调节池，稳定后出水开始混凝沉淀，去除COD、BOD、悬浮颗粒及重金属，上清液溢流后经提升泵进入UASB，去除COD同时氨化，之后进入SBR进一步去除有机污染物同时脱氮，再进入臭氧氧化池进行深度处理后通过活性炭
4、吸附工艺，出水可达标排放。污泥流程为：将贮泥池从生物处理构筑物处收集到的剩余污泥输送到污泥浓缩池，经由消化池后，经脱水回收填埋。关键词：混凝沉淀；UASB；SBR；臭氧氧化；活性炭吸附Landfill Leachate Treatment Process DesignAbstractThis graduation project is to design landfill leachate treatment process. Flow rate of this leachate treatment plant is 400m3/d. The purpose is mainly to remo
5、ve SS, CODcr, BOD5 and NH3-N, and the quality of the effluent is requested to reach the level B standards of national sewage discharge. The main task is to determine the leachate treatment process and to calculate the related structures in the size.Through analysis of the characteristics of leachate
6、, SBR combining with UASB is used as the main biological treatment process , followed by ozonation as the advanced treatment. SBR process can complete the variety reaction of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the same reactor in chronological sequence. Composition of SBR process system is simple. I
7、ts aeration tank can be used as secondary sedimentation tank, and it has not sludge return device. SBR process can resist shock loading, and its sludge settling performance is good. After the waste water dealing with by ozonation, the dissolved organic and inorganics can be removed completely, but c
8、hemical sludge in which pollutants are concentrated can not be produced.The influent flowed from screen and regulating pond into coagulation and sedimentation tank to remove COD, BOD, SS and heavy metal. Then the supernatant overflowed into UASB by upgrade pump to remove COD and to ammonification at
9、 the same time. Then leachate flowed into the SBR to further remove organic pollutants and ammonia simultaneously. At last, the liquid flowed into the ozonation pond and activated carbon adsorption process for advanced treatment. The excess sludge which collected from the biological treatment struct
10、ures was transported to the sludge thickening pool, and then the sludge entered into the digestion tank and landfill after dewatering.Key words: Coagulation and Sedimentation; UASB; SBR; Ozonation; Activated carbon adsorption process前 言随着我国城市化建设步伐的加快，城市人口的急剧增加，城市生活垃圾产生量日益增多，垃圾污染环境现象也日趋严重。目前，我国把城市生活垃
11、圾无害化处理作为一项重要的城市基础设施建设来抓，努力消除生活垃圾的污染，提高社会环境的可持续发展能力。根据我国垃圾处理“无害化、减量化、资源化”的原则，近几年，将会有大批生活垃圾卫生填埋场应运而生，与此同时，垃圾渗滤液的处理和处置程度已被确认为衡量一个填埋场是否为卫生填埋场的重要指标之一。作为一种高浓度有机废水，垃圾渗滤液的处理近几年得到了广大研究人员的密切关注，并进行了大量的试验研究，取得了不少的研究成果，并有一批垃圾渗滤液处理厂已经或正在兴建。垃圾渗滤液作为一种特殊废水，其处理的投资、运行成本远远高于一般城市污水和工业废水，这主要是由于垃圾渗滤液成分复杂、氨氮浓度很高、有机物浓度高，导致处理工序和设备繁多，处理时间较长。垃圾渗滤液由于在垃圾体已经经历了厌氧过程，其生化性相对较差，生物处理的停留时间较长，致使设施、设备的投资较大，同时垃圾渗滤液处理量一般相对较小，导致折旧、维修费较高。垃圾填埋产生的垃圾渗滤液水质极其恶劣，对水体能够产生严重污染，为了防止垃圾渗滤液污染水体，美国、英国等国家对垃圾填埋提出了严格技术要求。认识渗滤液的危害程度、提出对策、采取措施，防止其产生二次污染对保护环境非常重要。我国在1989年颁布了城市生活垃圾卫生填埋技术标准（G
