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1、考研考博-考博英语-河北农业大学模拟考试题含答案1. 单选题Clark felt that his _ in one of the most dramatic medical experiments of all time was worth the suffering he underwent.问题1选项A.appreciationB.participationC.presentationD.apprehension【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项appreciation“欣赏；理解；感激”；B选项participation“参与”；C选项presentation“颁发；展示会”；D选
2、项apprehension“忧虑；逮捕”。句意：克拉克认为，他对有史以来最引人注目的医学实验之一的_，配得上他所遭受的痛苦。根据语境，B选项participation“参与”搭配experiments“实验”比较合理，意思指参与实验，符合题意。因此B选项正确。2. 单选题The theory of plate tectonics describes the motions of the lithosphere, the comparatively rigid outer layer of the Earth that includes all the crust and part of the
3、 underlying mantle. The lithosphere is divided into a few dozen plates of various sizes and shapes, in general the plates are in motion with respect to one another. A mid-ocean ridge is a boundary between plates where new lithospheric material is injected from below. AS the plates diverge from a mid
4、-ocean ridge they slide on a more yielding layer at the base of the lithosphere.Since the size of the Earth is essentially constant, new lithosphere can be created at the mid-ocean ridges only if an equal amount of lithospheric material is consumed elsewhere. The site of this destruction is another
5、kind of plate boundary: a subduction zone. There one plate dives under the edge of another and is reincorporated into the mantle. Both kinds of plate boundary are associated with fault systems, earthquakes and volcanism, but the kinds of geologic activity observed at the two boundaries are quite dif
6、ferent.The idea of sea-food spreading actually preceded the theory of plate tectonics. In its original version, in the early 1960s, it described the creation and destruction of the ocean floor, but it did not specify rigid lithospheric plates. The hypothesis was substantiated soon afterward by the d
7、iscovery that periodic reversals of the Earths magnetic field are recorded in the oceanic crust. As magma rises under the mid-ocean ridge, ferromagnetic minerals in the magma become magnetized in the direction of the geomagnetic field. When the magma cooks and solidifies, the direction and the polar
8、ity of the field are preserved in the magnetized volcanic rock. Reversals of the field give rise to a series of magnetic stripes running parallel to the axis of the rift. The oceanic crust thus serves as a magnetic tape recording of the history of the geomagnetic field that can be dated independentl
9、y the width of the stripes indicates the rate of the sea-floor spreading.1. What is the main topic of the passage?2. According to the passage, there are approximately how many lithospheric plates?3. Which of the following is true about tectonic plates?4. According to the passage, which of the follow
10、ing statements about the lithosphere is LEAST likely to be true?5. What does the author imply about the periodic reversal of the Earths magnetic field?问题1选项A.Magnetic field reversal.B.The formation of magma.C.The location of mid-ocean ridges.D.Plate tectonic theory.问题2选项A.Six.B.Twelve.C.Twenty-four
11、or more.D.One thousand nine hundred.问题3选项A.They are moving in relationship to one other.B.They have unchanging borders.C.They are located far beneath the lithosphere.D.They have the same shape.问题4选项A.It is a relatively inflexible layer of the Earth.B.It is made up entirely of volcanic ash.C.It inclu
12、des the crust and some of the mantle of the Earth.D.It is divided into plates of various shapes and sizes.问题5选项A.It is inexplicable.B.It supports the hypothesis of sea-floor spreading.C.It was discovery before the 1960s.D.It indicates the amount of magma present.【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:A第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.主旨
13、大意题。作者在文章第一段第一句交代了The theory of plate tectonics describes the motions of the lithosphere（板块构造理论描述的是岩石圈的运动），随后对此话题进行展开，D选项“板块构造理论”正确，A选项“磁场逆转”，B选项“岩浆的形成”和C选项“洋中海脊的位置”是文章的部分内容，不足以概括全文。因此D选项正确。2.事实细节题。根据第一段第二句The lithosphere is divided into a few dozen plates of various sizes and shapes（岩石圈被划分为几十个大小和形状
14、各异的板块），可知C选项“24个或更多”符合题意。A选项“6”，B选项“12”和D选项“1900”不符合题意。因此C选项正确。3.推理判断题。根据第一段第二句in general the plates are in motion with respect to one another（通常这些板块都处于相对运动中），可知A选项“它们在相对位移”正确。B选项“它们的边界不变”和D选项“它们的形状相同”：根据第二段第二、三句There one plate dives under the edge of another and is reincorporated into the mantle.（在
15、那里，一块板块俯冲到另一块板块的边缘之下并与地幔结合在一起。），可知边界会改变，形状也不会相同。C选项“它们位于岩石圈深处”：根据第一段第一句The theory of plate tectonics describes the motions of the lithosphere（板块构造理论描述岩石圈的运动），可知板块构造包括整个岩石圈。因此A选项正确。4.推理判断题。根据第三段第二句In its original version, in the early 1960s, it described the creation and destruction of the ocean floor, but it did not specify rigid lithospheric plates.（在20世纪60年代它的理论雏形中，描述了海底的生成和毁灭，但没有详细介绍坚硬的岩石圈板块。），可知这一段讲述的是海洋中岩石圈的情况，不是所有的，没有普遍性，B选项“它完全由火山灰构成”过于绝对，不符合文章内容。A选项“它是地球上一个相对不灵活的层”：根据第二段第一句Since the size of the Earth is essentially constant, new lithosphere can be created at the
