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1、2022年考博英语-武汉大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题On February 10, the world of psychiatry will be asked, metaphorically, to lie on the couch and answer questions about the state it thinks it is in. For that is the day the American Psychiatric Association (APA) plans to release a draft of the fifth version of
2、its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V). Mental illness carrying such stigma (污名)as it does, and the brain being as little-understood as it is, revising the DSM is always a controversial undertaking. This time, however, some of the questions asked of the process are likely
3、to be particularly probing.The DSM, the first version of which was published in 1952, lists recognized psychological disorders and the symptoms used to diagnose them. In the United States, what is in it influences whether someone will be diagnosed with an illness at all, how he will be treated if he
4、 is so diagnosed, and whether his insurance company will pay for that treatment. Researchers in other countries generally defer to the DSM, too, making the manuals definitions a lingua franca for the science of medical psychology. And, perhaps most profoundly, the DSM influences how mental illness i
5、s understood by society at large.A new DSM, then, is an important document. The APA has been working on the latest revision since 1999, and will not release the final version until May 2013. But some people are already accusing it of excessive secrecy and being too ambitious about the changes it pro
6、poses. Those critics will be picking over the draft next week to see if their fears have been realized.The original DSM reflected the “psychodynamic” view of mental illness, in which problems were thought to result from an interplay between personality and life history. (Think Freud, Jung and long h
7、ours recounting your childhood and dreams. ) The third version, which was published in 1980, took a more medical approach. Mental illnesses were seen as distinct and classifiable, like physical diseases. DSM-III came with checklists of symptoms that allowed straightforward, unambiguous diagnosis. Ps
8、ychiatry began to seem less like an art form and more like a science.DSM-III also introduced many more diagnoses than had appeared before. These included attention-deficit disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and social phobia. In fact, the number of specific diagnoses more than doubled between
9、DSM-1 and DSM-III, from 106 to 265. DSM-IV, published in 1994, increased the number to 297, but left the underlying model alone.1.The first paragraph of the passage above suggests that（ ）.2.Since its first publication in 1952, the DSM has been influential in that（ ）.3.All the following statements ar
10、e true EXCEPT（ ） .4.Which version of the DSM is given the least discussion in the passage?问题1选项A.the world of psychiatry are about to undertake a probing experimentB.it is no easy task for the general public to agree on mental disordersC.it is often possible to reach an agreement on the rewriting of
11、 the manualD.the latest version of the manual will be more successful than its precedents问题2选项A.it has caused little problem in the actual diagnosis of the illnessB.its stipulation gives exact instructions on the treatment of the illnessC.its principles are adhered to by not only doctors but also pa
12、tientsD.it is widely recognized as an important part of medical psychology问题3选项A.The final draft of the latest version will take four years to complete.B.The latest version will introduce a number of changes.C.The third version was much more scientific than the earlier versions.D.Freud is cited as a
13、 scientific account of mental illnesses.问题4选项A.The second.B.The third.C.The fourth.D.The fifth【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:A第4题:A【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】1. The first paragraph of the passage above suggests that _. 1. 文章的第一段指出_。A. the world of psychiatry are about to undertake a probing experiment A. 精神病学界即将进行一项探索性实验B.
14、 it is no easy task for the general public to agree on mental disorders B. 要让公众对精神障碍达成共识并非易事C. it is often possible to reach an agreement on the rewriting of the manual C. 在重写手册的问题上达成一致意见是常有可能的D. the latest version of the manual will be more successful than its precedents D. 该手册的最新版本将比以往的版本更成功【考查点】推
15、理判断题。【解题思路】根据第一段的最后两句“修改精神病诊断和统计手册一直是一个具有争议性的话题。然而，这一次，对这个过程提出的一些问题可能更具探索性。”，从中可知，精神病诊断和统计手册的最新版中提出的一些问题更具探索性，也就是说，这本手册的最新版本将比以前的版本更加成功。因此，选项D符合原文。【干扰项排除】A项“精神病学界即将进行一项探索性实验”，根据解题思路可知，第一段说的是这本手册的最新版本中提出的一些问题更具探索性，而非进行试验，该项曲解原文；B项“要让公众对精神障碍达成共识并非易事”和C项“在重写手册的问题上达成一致意见是常有可能的”在文章中没有提到，属于无中生有。第2题:2.【选项释义】2. Since its first publication in 1952, the DSM has been influential in that _. 2. 自1952年首次出版以来，DSM的影响力在于_。A. it has caused little problem in the actual diagnosis of the illness A. 这对疾病的实际诊断几乎没有造成什么问题B. its stipulation gives exact instructions on the treatment of the illness B. 它的规定对治疗这种疾病给出了确切
