中美文化差异对交际的影响The Different Cultures Between China and America in Communication Styles in PragmaticsContentsAbstract ………………………..………………………..……………….11. Introduction …………………………………………………………………….…………….. 22．Culture and communication…………………………………………..………….22.1 The definition of culture……………………………………………………...22.2 Communication and its characteristics……………………………………...43. General characteristics of communication styles…………………………….…53.1 Greeting and farewells……………………………………………………53.2 Response to compliments and praise………………………………………..63.3 Time is money………………………………………………………………73.4 Different views toward privacy………………………………………………83.5 An ordinary home-cooked meal ……………………………………………..93.6 Study of politeness in Chinese and English culture……………………….103.7 Chinese virtue………………………………………………………………..123.8 Addressing …………………………………………………………………..134. Comparative study between two different aspects of communication styles in the U.S and China…………………………….... 14 4.1 Speaker-centered vs. listener-centered…………………………………….144.2 Directness vs. indirectness………………………………………………….154.3 High –context communication vs. low-context communication ….....…..…165. Conclusion……………………………………………………………..……….. 17Reference……………………………………………………………………………18The Different Cultures Between China and America in Communication Styles in Pragmatics摘 要：随着中美关系的发展，以及英语学习的需要，越来越多的 人渴望了解更多关于美国人的生活和文化，以便很好的与其进行交流。
本论文运用对比研究的方法，通过具体实例来阐述中美两国的人民在交际中存在的相似性与不同之处并分析了产生差异的根本原因是由于两国人民所处的文化背景不同所造成的交际的范围十分广泛，本论文只是从语用学的角度分析了两国人民在日常生活交际中所反映出来的差异例如，两国人民对于恭维的不同反映；如何打招呼；如何称呼对方；对时间和隐私的不同认识等等最后，总结出了两国人们在交际中所表现出来的特点和原因即，在两国人民的对话中，中国人是以听为主，美国人是以说为主在表达自己的想法时，中国人比较间接，美国人是很直接；中国人的交际是高语境的，而美国人的交际是低语境的通过这些对比研究，使人们更多了解中美文化的差异，更好的处理在交际中出现的问题，从而更有利于减少误解，增进中美两国人民的交往关键词：中美交际方式； 中美文化差异； 跨文化交际； 跨文化研究 Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to discuss the nature of differences and similarities between Americans and Chinese so as to show how they communicate with each other, and indicates notable differences between the two countries in pragmatic aspects of communication style. For example, the manners to compliments, addressing, greeting, and so on. The analyses of the two countries shows some significant differences between the two countries in process and flows aspects of communication style, namely, manners in which they consider their privacy; the different attitudes towards time and privacy ; and also the different politeness in Chinese and American cultures. Based on the cases of the relevant contrasts between two countries, we assert that identification of communication styles of two cultures is a significant step toward better understanding of intercultural communication and misunderstandings between Chinese and American. Key words: communication styles of China and America ；Chinese and American cultures；intercultural communication； intercultural study The Different Cultures Between China and America in Communication Styles in Pragmatics1. Introduction This paper is to discuss the nature of differences and similarities between Americans and Chinese in their communication styles. Communication style in this study refers to the way people use different strategies to communicate, for example, manners of reacting to compliments, addressing, greeting, and so on. More specifically; it refers to the manners of talking and listening in daily communication. People’s communication in this study is defined as communication that takes place in a face -to-face situation in a conversation or daily life. A qualitative analysis of the two countries shows some significant differences between the two countries in process and flows aspects of communication style, namely, manners in which they consider their privacy; the different attitudes towards time and virtue; and also the different politeness in Chinese and American cultures. In other words, this study is designed to examine how people talk and listen, how they exchange ideas, express agreement and disagreement, and moreover, how they respond to compliments. Based on the cases of the relevant contrasts between two countries, this paper asserts that identification of communication styles of two cultures is a significant step toward better understanding of intercultural communication and misunderstandings between Chinese and American.While there are quite a number of cross-cultural studies done on communication like the ones between Americans and Chinese, it is difficult to make a valid assessment of differences and similarities between the two groups mainly because of lack of an objective criterion for comparison. Thus, the paper decides to embark on the comparative studies of two nationalities, because this will enable us to examine the nature of such similarities and differences more objectively. The selection of two cultures is made for this study, on the assumption that intercultural communication between them will take place very frequently in the future, thus。