EMA 公布《穿插污染和共用设施清洁限度指南问答》 -2023 in production and ‘Guideline on setting health-based exposurelimits for use in risk identification in the manufacture of different· 2023 年 4 月 30 日, EMA 公布了《 Questions and answers on implementation of risk-based prevention of cross-contamination medicinal products in shared facilities ’ 69430/2023) 基于风险防止 药品生产中穿插污染以及“共用设施中不同药品生产风险识别所用基于 安康的暴露限设定指南”实施问答 》文件该文件为的最终版 有关该问答文件的解读如下:·删除了使用 1/1000 最低治疗剂量和 10ppm 法来建立清洁验证限度删除了高危害产品和其它产品之间的区分全部药品均应建立基于安康的暴露限度〔HBEL=PDE 〕,并定期重评估。
该文件供给了一个不同 PDE 值对应的风险水平的模型,以帮助企业针对不同水平的 PDE 值建立相应的风险把握措施PDE 值<10µg/代表了高风险, PDE 值>10000µg/天为最低PDE 应由具备足够专业学问并具有毒理学 /药学阅历、生疏药物并具备基于安康暴露限确定阅历如职业暴露水平〔OEL 〕或 PDE 的人员来确定假设使用第三方来确定 HBEL〔PDE 〕,则应在开头工作前签订合同托付生产时,要么将全面的HBEL 评估给受托方,要么供给数据使得受托方可以实施 HBEL 评估可以考虑依据清洁工艺力气设置戒备限每次更换产品时均应对残留进展检验,除非通过稳健的书面质量风险治理〔 QRM 〕流程进展论证论证时考虑以下几点:清洁过程的可重 复性、产品构成的危害、是否可以依靠目视检查来确定设备的清洁程度能否符合 HBEL 规定的残留限度人工清洗通常不如自动清洗重复性好生产商应建立可见残留的限度水平对清洁残留进展目视检查时,应考虑现场的照明条件和观看距离目视检查应包括全部可能留有污染的产品接触外表,包括拆卸设备进入检查 /或使用工具〔例如镜子,光源,内窥镜〕检查不行见区域的表面对于非产品接触外表,但可能在将来掉落或转移至后续批次的,也应进展检查。
生产商不能只是将一般产品与其它类型产品分隔作为处理患者风险和动物安全的手段尽管此方法可以防止其它级别产品的污染,但它并未解决同一级别产品中穿插污染的可能性LD50 缺乏以用作确定药品的 HBEL 假设无法确定一个 PDE 值,或者是数据不能支持生产商使用共用设备,则杀外寄生虫剂应在专用设备中生产兽药:基于安康的暴露限设定指南认为残留限度一般应使用人类PDE 来计算但是,假设某个特别物种有感受性关切〔例如,马对莫能菌素特别敏感,不能使用〕,则在使用HBEL 方法评估共用设施 /设备中生产的产品时应考虑特定动物毒性学问 该问答原文翻译如下〔点击文章底部 “阅读原文 “猎取全文〕:Q1. Are Health-Based Exposure Limits (HBELs) required forall medicinal products?是否全部药品都需要基于安康的暴露限度〔HBEL 〕?A: Yes, HBELs should be established for all medicinal products.The toxicological or pharmacological data, on which the HBELcalculation relies, requires periodical reassessment throughout aproduct ’s lifecycle.是的,全部药品都需要建立 HBEL 。
用于计算 HBEL 的毒理或药理数据需要在药品生命周期中定期评估Q2. Is there a framework that could be used to define thesignificance of the Health-Based Exposure Limit (HBEL) suchthat there can be broad guidance on the extent of Quality RiskManagement (QRM) and control measures required?是否有一个框架定义基于安康的暴露限度〔HBEL 〕的重要性,例如一个关于质量风险治理〔 QRM 〕和相应把握措施的程度的指导?A: Firstly, it should be recognised that hazard varies on acontinuum scale and that there are no firm cut off points, riskshould be controlled on a proportionate basis. However, as ahighest hazard) presented by products and there should be acommensurateincreasein the level of controlto preventpotential cross contamination in a shared facility. Actual HBELbroad hypothetical model the following figure could be considered to show the increasing level of hazard (red being values should be used in QRM studies to determine the actual controls required. 首先,应当生疏到危害在连续规模上有所不同,并且没有精准的切点,风险应当按比例把握。
但是,作为一个广泛适用的假设模型,可以考虑以以下图来呈现产品所呈现的危急程度的增加〔红色为最高危急〕,并且把握级别应当相应增加以防止共享设施中潜在的穿插污染 在 QRM 争论中应使用实际的 HBEL 值来确定所需的实际把握Q3. How should manufacturers use the HBELs?生产商如何使用 HBEL?A: The role of HBELs in determiningcleaning limits isexplained in Q&A6. However, the purpose of generatingHBELsgoes beyond justification of cleaning limits.Q&A6 中已解释了 HBEL 在确定清洁限度中的作用然而,产生HBEL 的目的远不止计算清洁限度Once the health-based assessment has been completed andthe HBEL confirmed, these data should be used via a Quality RiskManagement process to determine what controls need to be putsupplemented. This Quality Risk Management process should becarried out prospectively in the case of new equipment/facility todetermine what control measures are required.一旦完成基于安康的评估并确认HBEL ,应通过质量风险治理流程使in place and to assess if existing organisational and technical control measures are adequate or if they need to be 用这些数据,以确定需要实施哪些把握措施,并评估现有的组织和技术 把握措施是否足够或者是否需要补充。
在设备 /设施的状况下,应前瞻 性地开展质量风险治理程序,以确定需要实行哪些把握措施It is expected that for products which present a higherpotential harm to patients/animals, more elaborate organisational and technical control measures will be required. Using a structured Quality Risk Management process,manufacturers should consider the risks of cross contaminationdown to the established level from the HBEL. During the QRMstudy manufacturers should consider how easily such a quantityof contamination could occur, without detection, at batch andunit dose level.估量对于对患者 /动物具有较高潜在危害的产品, 将需要更详尽的组织和技术把握措施。
使用构造化的质量风险治理流程,制造商应将穿插污染的风险降至 HBEL 的既定水平在 QRM 争论期间,制造商应当考虑在批量和单位剂量水平下如何简洁地发生这样的量的污染ThelevelofdetailintheQRMprocessshouldbecommensurate with the potential harm as indicated by the HBEL and the suitability of control measures supported by practical andscience-based evidence.QRM 过程的具体程度应与 HBEL 指出的潜在危害以及由实际和科学证据支持的把握措施的适用性相匹配 Manufacturers should be mindful that cross contaminationcontrols implemented previously may not。