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1、 考研英语基础阶段常见疑难知识点精析语法:娴熟把握考研英语常考的核心语法学问点。能够划清长难句句子构造,抓住句子重心和主干,根本理解句意;还要学会使用一些写作常用句型。阅读理解:进展肯定量的精读,初步熟悉考研阅读理解题目的特点,留意对文中长难句的分析和根底词的引申义的把握。读懂每篇文章,找到读懂文章的乐趣和方法,克制畏难心情;积存和理解各种背景学问;通过做题训练分析问题和规律推理的力量。完形填空:通过完形填空稳固词汇和语法,同时熟识英语文章上下文规律。以上是对于根底阶段的宏观总结,下面我们对一些考研英语常见疑难学问点进展精析:1、从句中缺主语或宾语的时候,且先行词前有the only, the
2、 very等修饰时,只能用关系代词that引导该定语从句。Shanghai is the very place that the foreigners are eager to visit.从句中缺状语时,从句应当用关系副词或者介词+关系代词来引导。Then the great day came when he was to march past the palace in the parade.I will show you the store in which you may buy all you need.2、介词after与look构成的固定词组中,介词after不行前置,再如:lo
3、ok at, look for, take care of等。The babies whom the nurses look after are very healthy.3、动词不定式和动名词的区分动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语,在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作,不定式多用来表示特指或详细动作。不定式作表语表示详细动作或将来动作,动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。4、现在分词、过去分词、动名词、不定式作定语的区分1)作前置定语的状况。现在分词、过去分词、动名词可以作前置定语,而不定式不能作前置定语。如: a developing country, a developed cou
4、ntry; boiling water, boiled water现在分词一般具有主动、进展的特点,而过去分词一般则具有被动、完成的特点。a developing country=a country which is developing (进展中国家 );boiled water=water which has been boiled;a developed country=a country which has developed(兴旺国家)。但有一种特别状况,过去分词有时也表示主动、完成,如a developed country=a country which has developed
5、,a sunken ship=a ship which has sunken。 building materials, a swimming pool动名词作定语时,表示所修饰名词的功能:building materials=materials that are used to build houses;a swimming pool=a pool that is used to swim2)作后置定语的状况,不定式、现在分词、过去分词都能作后置定语,不同的是:不定式作定语,表示动作刚要进展(未发生);现在分词作定语,表示动作正在进展(正在发生);过去分词作定语,表示动作已完成(已发生)。5、
6、现在分词完成时与现在分词的进展时现在分词完成时having done,Having lived in Beijing for quite a few years, Mr. Park had little difficulty understanding Chinese.现在分词的进展时being doneThe editorial being written now will appear in tomorrow”s newspaper.6、whatever和no matter what区分whatever和 no matter what在句中引导让步状语从句时可以互换,如:Whatever/
7、 No matter what subject we talked about, it seemed that he was expert at it.We will carry the reform to the end whatever/ no matter what happens.二者的区分是:no matter what只能引导让步状语从句,不能引导名词性从句(如主语从句,宾语从句);whatever既可以引导状语从句,又可以引导名词性从句。Whatever words I use can”t express my appreciation of your timely help.(
8、whatever引导主语从句,因此不能用no matter what替换)Some college students are seen doing whatever work they can find to support themselves.(whatever引导宾语从句,不能用no matter what替换)7、名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。名词性从句使用正常语序。The manager came over and asked the customer how the quarrel had come about.(how th
9、e quarrel had come about作ask的宾语,使用陈述句语序)What引导名词性从句,在从句中作主语或者宾语,that引导名词性从句,在从句中不充当成分。Energy is what makes things work.(what在从句中作主语,如将what换为that,则从句缺主语)下边给分析几个同学们认为比拟难的句子:1. Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition.为了强调句子某一局部,或为了保持句子平衡,避开
10、头重脚轻,英语常采纳倒装方法。倒装可分为完全倒装和局部倒装。该句使用了完全倒装。正常语序是The picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition is emerging from the 1980 census.2. This, ministers believe, is the best way to accelerate the corporate restructuring begun in the wake of the Asian financial crisis in 1997, and to cl
11、ear the way for more sustainable economic growth.句子主干是this is the best way,是系表构造,两个不定式构造to accelerate 和to clear the way是两个并列的不定式短语作way的定语。begun in the wake of the Asian financial crisis in 1997是过去分词作定语,修饰restructuring,可以将其改为定语从句:the corporate restructuring that was begun in the wake of the Asian fin
12、ancial crisis in 1997。这里begin用作及物动词。3. When invited for a second interview, go prepared by using your notes and feedback from the interview to zero in on what the company wants.主句是祈使句,prepared作go的补语,zero in on向集中火力(或留意力),对准。to zero in on是不定式作目的状语。4. For example, we know that the statement commonly a
13、ccepted when the first edition of this book was printed, that life was altogether absent in the deeper parts of the sea, is not true.第一个that引导宾语从句,作know的宾语,该宾语从句的主干是the statement is not true;句中过去分词accepted作定语,修饰the statement;其次个that引导同位语从句,解释说明statement的内容。5. Among the advantages that future biochip
14、s, or “living computers”, would have over conventional semiconductor chips are that they are smaller, they do not generate as much heat, and they allow for the parallel processing of information, making them faster than today”s semiconductor devices.这是一个倒装句。句子的主干是:Among the advantages are that主语是以th
15、at引导的三个并列句:they are smaller, they doheat和they allowinformation,谓语动词是are, amongconventional semiconductor chips是表语。that futureconventional semiconductor chips是advantages的定语从句。介词over是advantages所要求的。as much heat是与conventional semiconductor chips比拟而言的。allow for意为“可以供之用”。makingdevices修饰主语中的第三个句子,与前面两个无关。该句的翻译可采纳两种方法:are前面的局部用逆序法,后面的局部用挨次法。译文:将来生物芯片,或者说“活的电脑”与传统集成电路相比的优点在于,它们体积更小,产生的热量更少,能够同时处理并行信息,这些特点使它比当前的半导体装置速度更快。除了学问性的问题,再帮大家总结一些学习方法的问题:1、发觉自己比别人用功,为什么成绩总不太抱负?这是一个很广泛的问题,必需仔细思索分析,看问题出在哪个细节上
