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1、Chapter2Family&PersonalRelationships(1)Focalquestionsv1.WhatarethetraditionalexpectationsofmarriageinBritain?(Pp19,22,23)v2.HowdoyouvisualisethetypicalfamilyinmodernBritain?(Pp19)v3.WhatchangesinthefamilyandmarriagehaveoccuredsincetheSecondWorldWar?Whicharethemostsignificant?Howdoyouexplainthem?(Pp1
2、9,20,24,25,26)v4.Whatdoyouunderstandofthetermyouthculture?Canyougivesomespecificexamplesofyouthsubculturesorcults?Doallyouthsubcultureshavecertaincommonfeatures?(P21)A1TheFamilyvDiversefamiliesvNuclearfamilyvLone-parentfamilyvCohabitingcouplevCommon-law/defactomarriagevCivilpartnershipA1Familycont.v
3、Marriage:halffail;ratelowestsincerecordsin1840vDivorce:ratehighestinEurope;1+child/4beforeage16divorceoftheirparentsvLoneparenting:increasedthree-foldinthelast20years,1/10familiesv4/10people:bornoutsidemarriagev1/10:cohabitinghttp:/www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/nugget.asp?id=1865FamilysizevCompletefamil
4、ysizeof2kids:1/3womenvChildlessness:1/5womenvCauses:vFallinginfantdeathratesfellvTheexpenseofhavingchildrenvCareervs.childrenDarrenHayesSavageGardenDarrenonthecivilpartnershipceremonyvIcanhonestlysayitwasthehappiestdayofmylife,writesHayesofthecivilpartnershipceremony,whichtookplaceinLondon.Ifeelluck
5、ytoliveinanerawheremyrelationshipcanbeconsideredlegallylegitimate,andIcommendtheU.K.governmentforembracingthisverybasiccivilliberty.DarrenonthecivilpartnershipceremonyvBritainlegalizedcivilpartnershipsinDecember2005.vCivilPartnershipAct2004vSame-sexcouplesvhttp:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Partnersh
6、ip_Act_2004LondonvthemostpopularregionwithintheUKinwhichtoregisterapartnershipin2007vTheLondonBoroughofWestminstervBrightonandHoveUnitaryAuthorityhttp:/www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/nugget.asp?id=1685LivinginBritainGeneralHouseholdSurvey2002http:/www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/nugget.asp?id=1685LivinginBrita
7、inGeneralHouseholdSurvey2002A2YouthvYouth:anagegroup?vAsocialorganizationvThe1950s:abouttenyearsaftertheendofWWIIvAriseinthebirthratevMusic,films,fashionvYouthsubcultureteenagersA550YearsofChangevThe1950satimeofgreatchangesinfieldsofeconomy,culture,politics.vThe1960sadecadeofrebelliousyounggeneratio
8、nofgreatexpectationA550YearsofChangevThe1970sadecadeofstrikesandrecessionvThe1980sadecadeofThatcherismvThe1990sadecadeofgreatexpectationA2Youth(1970s)YouthSubculturesvSubculture:aculturalgroupwithinalargercultureoftenhavingbeliefsorinterestsatvariancewiththoseofthelargerculture(COD)vAdistinctindivid
9、ualstylecertainwaysofdressing,speaking,listeningtomusicandgatheringinsimilarplacesvThewayoflifevInevitableproductsofaffluentsocietyvToleave:usu.atthepointofmarriageA2YouthTeddyBoysvRocknRoll:blackorigin,whitemusicianslikeElvisvTeenagecultsvMusicoftheTeddyBoysorTedsvSlicked-backquiffsorDA(ducktail)ha
10、ircutsvNarrowdrainpipetrousersvDrapejackets,fancyshirtsvBootlacetiesA2YouthTeddyBoys:CharacteristicsvGroup-mindednessareaffirmationoftraditionalworkingclassvaluesandthestrongsenseofterritoryvExtremetouchiness(over-sensitivity)toinsultsvConditionsforitsformationextensivewelfareprovision(socialsecurit
11、y,health,housing),EuropeaneconomicboomwithMarshallplan,abolishingofdraft,introductionofhirepurchasevDrasticalandfundamentalalterationoftheconceptoftheadolescentA2Youthcont.TeddyBoysinthe1950sA2Youthcont.TheBeatniksvThe“beat”movementintheUSinthe1950svRejectionoftraditionalmiddle-classAmericanvalues,c
12、ustomsvThe“Beatgeneration”beatitudevSputnik IvTheirvisualsymbols-jazz,poetry,marijuanna,theBeatlesvCounter-cultural,anti-materialistic,betteringtheinnerselfA2YouthBeatniks:CharacteristicsvExtremelypessimisticaboutfuture&possibilitiesofprogressvAspiredforfreedomandtheanguishofbeingalone,undecidedands
13、eparatevNopopularityinBritainuntilmid-1960s;theHippiesvTheSimpsonsepisodeA2YouthTheBeatniksA2YouthTheBeatlesA2YouthTheRollingStonesA2Youth(The1960s)ModsandRockersvAnewmoodofoptimismandchangevRockers:rocknroll&bigmotorbikes;dresseddown(inleatherjacketsanddenim);workingclass,masculinitydrivenvMods:Ame
14、ricanrhythmandbluesmusic&scooters;dressedup(insharpsuitsandtiesItalianstyle);working-class,non-traditionalclericalorservicejobsA2YouthRockersandtheirmotor-bikesA2YouthModsandtheirscootorsA2YouthTheHippiesvHippie:bohemian,studentandradicalsubculturesvBeingcriticalofgrowingdominanceoftechnology&bureau
15、cracyofcapitalistsocietiesvDistrustofestablishmentvCriticismofinequalityandaffluenceofsocietyvSearchofsocialchangethroughpeacefulmeansvContradictions:vAnti-materialistic,yetlivedtosharethefruitsofaffluencevPro-egalitarian,butreactionaryA2YouthSkinheadscont.vTheunskilledworking-classcommunityvWorking
16、-classactivities:pubs,footballandstreets,associatedwithfootballhooliganismvTheendofthe1960s,relativeworseningofsituationofworking-classvDressbigindustrialboots&jeansrolleduphightorevealthemvAppearancehaircuttotheskullvEmphasisoncollectivity,physicaltoughness,andlocalrivalry;targetsfortheaggressionhippiesA2Youthcont.Hippies(left)Skinheads(right)A2Youth(1970s)PunksvThe1970s:Punk,HeavyMetalvPunk:youthcultureintheextremevSpikedhair,rippedandoutlandishlycustomizedclothingvObscenelanguage(much-publici
