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1、高考英语书面表达特训 单俊刚2010.12.12一、弄清一个概念1. 优秀英语作文的标准是什么？极优档（30分）（很少）上 档（18-29分）一优秀（2629） 要点全面，紧扣主题，观点表达充分，能有效使用连接成分，具备较强的书面表达能力。语言小错（拼写，标点）少于四个，不能有一处大错。二良好（22-25） 要点全面紧扣主题，观点表达较充分，语言有少量错误，（大错不超过三个。）但基本不影响意思表达。三一般（1821） 要点全面，紧扣主题。语言表达基本充分，语言错误影响部分意思的表达，但多数句子基本正确。说明：作文要达到及格线（18分）以上，必须要点全。也就是说，如果缺要点最多只能得17分。但又
2、同时规定，对于语言表达特别好的作文可以突破这个限制，划入良好档，但最多不得超过22分。关于时态，每出现一处时态错误，均以大错论处。下 档（017分）四较差（13-17）能够写出基本要点，行文不连贯，语言错误较多，半数句子基本正确五差(6-12)能够写出部分要点，能够写出部分与内容相关的可读句。六很差（0-5）只能写出与内容相关的词语，没有有效信息，抄写其他文章或只写出部分单词。一、弄清一个概念1. 优秀英语作文的标准是什么？补充说明：1. 关于大错小错问题：小错：单词拼写，冠词，大小写，标点符号错误。大错：搭配错误，词语用错，（介词，名词，动词，形容词副词，主谓一致，非谓语动词，句式结构）2.
3、字数少于120，减去2分。3.书写差，减去2分，如影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。总结：什么样的作文是一篇好作文 无遗漏信息点，即要点全面 篇章条理清晰：分段和过渡词 句式复杂多样 地道的高级词汇和恰当的词组接下来，我们具体感知一下优秀作文的要素。二、感知典型范例二、感知典型范例词汇层面1 adj.聪明的、脑筋好的 clever wise smart bright intelligent二、感知典型范例词汇层面2adj.令人惊奇的 surprisingamazingastonishing 他昨天下午来的。1. He came here yesterday afternoon.2. He didn
4、t come here until yesterday afternoon.3. Not until yesterday afternoon did he come here.4. It was yesterday afternoon that he came here.二、感知典型范例句型层面1 令她吃惊的是，小女孩知道这么多事情。1. He is surprised that the little girl knows so many things.2. To his surprise , the little girl knows so many things.3. What surpr
5、ises him is that the little girl knows so many things.二、感知典型范例句型层面2二、感知典型范例段落层面1Thisvillageisverysmall.Ithasnearly100familiesandabout500people.Itusedtobeverypoor.Ithaschangedalotsince1978.Peopleherearericherthanbefore.Nowitistakingonanewlook.Thisvillageisverysmall，whichhasnearly100familiesandabout50
6、0people.Itusedtobeverypoor.However,ithaschangedalotsince1978.Peoplehereareleadingaricherandhappierlifethanbefore.Nowitistakingonanewlook.二、感知典型范例段落层面2Ithink,foruschildren,weshouldoftengohomeandstaytogetherwithourparentsthoughwearebusy.Oursocietyshouldorganizeallkindsofactivitiesfortheseniorstohelpth
7、emlivehappily.Wecanbuildaharmonioussocietyonlywhenallofuscarefortheaged.AsfarasIamconcerned,foruschildren,weshouldoftengohomeandstaytogetherwithourparentshoweverbusyweare.Whatsmore,oursocietyshouldorganizeallkindsofactivitiesfortheseniorstohelpthemliveahappylife.Onlywhenallofuscarefortheagedcanwebui
8、ldaharmonioussociety二、感知典型范例篇章层面1卷面不整洁; 涂改较多;语言错误多;层次不清;得11分二、感知典型范例篇章层面2字数不够或未能传达读者任何信息，不得分。书写对比鲜明 poor篇章层面3excellent三、阅卷老师忠告1.网上阅卷对卷面要求提高。阅卷教师看电脑屏评分，屏幕上视觉比纸上印象更突出，每行高度约为直线格的2/3的作文视觉效果最佳，此类作文错误少并用有效连接成分就能高分。2.中等水平学生容易成为最吃亏学生群。高考阅卷特点，决定了阅卷时间短、速度快、赋分中庸。两极的考生优劣分明，容易赋分，而中等学生，如果出现书写潦草或低级错误容易出现得分趋低情况，成为最
9、吃亏的一个群体。3.书面表达是提高平均分最大的潜力股。平均分：15分峰值：1719分提升空间巨大四、明确写作步骤1.Cross-question(审题)MainideaStyleVerbtensePerson2.Seizethemajorpoints/keywords(抓要点)figureouttheoutline(提纲)4.Ensurethefluency(添加过渡，确保连贯）Conjunctions/conjunctiveadverbspassage5.Errorcorrecting(查错改错)3.Sentencesconnection(连句成文)Words/phrasesSentence
10、spassage四、明确写作步骤五、培养几种技能A)Simplesentence(简单句):Hearingthenews,hewashappy.B)CompoundsentenceA（并列句）:HegavemeabookbutIforgottobringitbackhome.C)CompoundsentenceB（复合句）:What he is doinghasnothingtodowithme.“规范的英语句子”就是我们经常讲的三种句子：1.学会使用规范的英语句子Hereare3waystomakesentences:I.巧妙运用短语，写出规范的简单句：1)借助名词短语做同位语如：李立，男，
11、19岁，1991年生；籍贯：广东。Li Li, a boy of 19, was born in Guangdong in 1991.2)借助介词短语做定语如：李飞,男，10岁，棕色短发，穿白色茄克。Li Fei is a ten-year-old boy with short brown hair and in a white jacket.如：有了Tom的帮助，我们很快就找到了他们的村子。With the help of Tom, we soon found their village.4)借助非谓语动词短语做定语或状语如：他们站在大树下，等待着总统的到来。They were standi
12、ng under the big tree, waiting for the president.Standing under the big tree, they were waiting for the President.3)借助介词短语做状语II. 巧用连接词，写出规范的并列句：如：他给我很多钱，我不要。I was just walking down the street corner when I saw you.如：我刚走到拐角处，就见到你了。 He gave me a lot of money but I refused. III. 用好从句和引导词写出规范的复合句：1)名词性从
13、句如：老师生气。原因：王力迟到。That Wang Li came late to school made the teacher very angry.2)定语从句如：中国,地处亚洲东部；特点：地大物博、人口众多。China,whichliesintheeastofAsia,isagreatcountrywithalargeareaandpopulationaswellasrichnaturalresources.I was deeply moved by this, because I know Lei Feng is still living in our hearts.3)状语从句如：
14、雷锋还活在我们心中，我深受感动。2、灵活运用九种句式有意识的将下列句式结构运用到作文中去，可以迅速地让我们的作文靓起来。重要的是我们要学会如何灵活的变通、巧妙地运用到考试作文中去。1. People grow rice in the south of China. Rice is grown in the south of China. 2. They have printed one and a half million copies of the dictionary since 1986. One and a half million copies of the dictionary h
15、ave been printed since 1986.一、主动句与被动句的互换。二、将陈述句改为倒装句。1.IcouldhardlyunderstandtheimportanceofEnglishatthattime.HardlycouldIunderstandtheimportanceofEnglishatthattime.2.Wedidnotrealizeourmistakesuntilatthattime.Notuntilatthattimedidwerealizeourmistakes.三、将简单句改为强调句1. Smokingdidgreatharmtohishealth.Itwa
16、ssmokingthatdidgreatharmtohishealth.2.Ourmoneyisearnedthroughhardworkbyourparents.Itisthroughhardworkthatourmoneyisearnedbyourparents.3.Hewentthereyesterday.Hedidgothereyesterday.四、将两个简单句合并为并列句1.Youcandoit.Icandoit.Oneofusmustdoit.youImustdoit.2.Iwanttobuythisbike.Idonthaveenoughmoney.Iwanttobuythisbike,Idonthaveenoughmoney.Eitherorbut五、将两个简单句合并为复合句1.同位语和同位语从句1) LiuXiangisanexcellentathlete.HewonthefirstprizeinMens110HurdleRaceinthe2004OlympicGames._,_,wonthefirstprizeinMens110HurdleRaceinthe200
