三相笼型异步电动机接触器联锁正反转控制线路,机电工程系（周黎兵）,课程名称,《电力拖动控制线路与技能训练》,教学目标,了解电动机的正转与反转在实际生产中的应用理解实现三相异步电动机正反转的方法理解三相异步电动机三两种正反转控制线路掌握三相异步电动机接触器联锁正反转控制电路的工作原理,能力目标,通过分析电气控制电路，培养学生的识图能力以及比较分析和归纳总结的能力 通过引导学生分析工作原理、培养和训练学生综合分析电路的能力重点、难点,重点：理解三相异步电动机的三种正反转控制线路的工作原理难点：接触器联锁正反转控制线路的工作原理教学方法,讲授演示,教学时数,30分钟,在实际生产中机床工作台需要前进与后退；万能铣床的主轴需要正转与反转；起重机的吊钩需要上升与下降；正转的控制线路能否满足这些生产机械的控制要求？为什么？,三相笼型异步电动机正反转 如何实现,将接至交流电动机的三相交流电源进线中任意两相对调，电动机就可以反转,改变电源相序,任务1 如何实现正反向启动控制,一、 倒顺开关正反转控制线路,倒顺开关，又叫可逆转换开关，利用改变电源相序来实现电动机手动正反转控制。
一、倒顺开关正反转控制线路,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1 L2 L3,,,,,,,FU,QS,熔断器,倒顺开关,电动机,U,V,W,,,,,,,,,,M3~,一、倒顺开关正反转控制线路,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1 L2 L3,,,,,,,FU,QS,电动机正转,U,V,W,,,,,,,,U —L1V —L2W—L3,M3~,熔断器,,,,手柄扳至“顺”位置,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1 L2 L3,,,,,,,FU,QS,熔断器,,电动机停转,U,V,W,,,,,,,,,,手柄扳至“停”位置,M3~,一、倒顺开关正反转控制线路,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1 L2 L3,,,,,,,FU,QS,熔断器,,电动机反转,U,V,W,,,,,,,,,,手柄扳至“倒”位置,U —L3V —L2W—L1,M3~,一、倒顺开关正反转控制线路,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1 L2 L3,,,,,,,FU,QS,熔断器,,电动机停转,U,V,W,,,,,,,,,,手柄扳至“停”位置,M3~,一、倒顺开关正反转控制线路,二、按钮-接触器正反转控制线路,利用两个交流接触器交替工作，改变电源接入电动机的相序来实现电动机正反转控制。
L1----U L2----VL3----W,L1---WL2---VL3----U,主电路,利用交流接触器，改变电源接入电动机的相序来实现电动机正反转控制L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,,,,,,KH,U,V,W,QS,,,如果KM1和KM2同时得电会怎么样呢,按钮-接触器正反转控制线路,主电路电源短路！！,,,,,,,,,,,,,,熔断器熔断,,,,为防止两个接触器同时得电，主电路发生短路事故在控制电路中分别串接一对对方的辅助常闭触头,二、接触器联锁正反转控制线路,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,KH,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM1,,联锁触头,联锁触头,,,当一个接触器得电动作，通过其辅助常闭触头使另一个接触器不能得电动作，接触器之间这种互相制约的作用叫做接触器联锁或互锁L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,KH,SB2,SB3,SB1,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,,,,,,KH,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KM1,,,,,电路分析,如何实现电机“正转—停止—反转”？,低压器件动作过程如何？,电源开关,反向起动按钮,正向起动按钮,停止按钮,KM2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,KM2,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,FR,电器元件明细,电动机,熔断器,,,KM2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,KM2,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,FR,电路组成,主电路,控制电路,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,KM2,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,电路工作原理分析,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,KM2,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,KM2,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,,,,按正转起动按钮SB1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,KM2,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,,,,,正转,正转控制,按正转起动按钮SB1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,KM2,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,正转,,按停止按钮SB3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,KM2,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,,,,,,,按停止按钮SB3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,KM2,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,,,,,,,停转,按停止按钮SB3,按停止按钮SB3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,QS,FU,KM1,KM2,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,,,停转,停转,L1,L2,L3,接触器联锁的正反转控制线路,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,KM2,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,,,,接触器联锁的正反转控制线路,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,KM2,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,,,,,,,,反转,,接触器联锁的正反转控制线路,KM2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,,,,,,,,,,接触器联锁的正反转控制线路,KM2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,,,,,,,,,接触器联锁的正反转控制线路,KM2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,,,,,,停转,接触器联锁的正反转控制线路,KM2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,,,,,,停转,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,L1,L2,L3,QS,FU,KM1,KM2,FR,SB3,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM2,KM2,FR,,,停转,接触器联锁的正反转控制线路,注 意 事 项,1.异步电动机和低压电器的接线要正确，以确保用电安全。
2.接线完毕经检查无误后方可通电试车3.通电试车时必须有老师现场监护4.安全操作，文明生产接触器联锁正反转控制线路板,FR,总结,,1、三相笼型异步电机正反转实现方法,2、互锁、联锁的概念及实现方法,3、倒顺开关、接触器正反转电路,4、元件选择与检测及电路的安装、调试,作业：思考：怎样克服接触器联锁正反转控制电路的不足？1、提出合理方案；2、画出电气原理图；3、写出工作过程机械互锁:利用复合按钮的触点,实现同一时间里两个接触器,只允许一个工作KMF,KMF,SBR,SBstp,KMR,,,,SBF,,,,,,KMR,,,,,,,,,,,,,,正转按钮,反转按钮,正转线圈,反转线圈,SBF,SBR,结束,谢谢,。