新概念一册语法点汇总第一部分:时态8种一般目前时，目迈进行时，一般过去时，目前完毕时，一般将来时，过去进行时，过去完毕时，过去将来时 1. 一般目前时 表达一般性，常常性的动作或一般性事实1）具有be动词的句子 The girl is very beautiful. Tim and Jack are students. ★变疑问句三环节：将be动词移到句首，首字母大写，句号变问号 Is the girl very beautiful? Are Tim and Jack students? ★变否认句在be动词背面加not The girl is not very beautiful. Tim and Jack are not students. ★肯定回答及否认回答 Yes, she is. No, she is not. Yes, they are. No, they are not.（2）不具有be动词的句子，即具有一般动词的句子 第三人称单数及单数名词 She likes him. The dog likes bones. ★变疑问句三环节：在句首加does, 动词变为原型，问号变句号。
Does she like him? Does the dog like bones? ★变否认句在主语及动词之间加doesn’t, 动词变为原型，原句中的动词不再有第三人称变化：有了助动词的协助，句中动词变回原形！ She doesn’t like him. The dog doesn’t like bones. ★肯定回答及否认回答： Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t. 注意：第三人称单数形式一般在动词背面加S，不要和名词复数混淆，变否认句或疑问句时名词复数没有任何变化 其她人称及复数名词 I want to have a bath. We have some meat. The students like smart teachers. ★变疑问句：在句首加do，句号变问号 Do you want to have a bath? Do we have any meat? Do the students like smart teachers? ★变否认句在主语和动词之间加don’t. You don’t want to have a bath. We don’t have any meat. The students don’t like smart teachers. ★肯定回答及否认回答 Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Yes, we do. No, we don’tYes, they do. No, they don’t. 2. 目迈进行时 表达目前正在进行的动作。
构成： 主语+be动词+动词的目前分词doing We are having lunch. He is reading a book. The dog is running after a cat. The boys are swimming across the river. ★变疑问句将be动词移到句首 Are we having lunch? Is he reading a book? Is the dog running after a cat? Are the boys swimming across the river? ★变否认句在be动词背面加 not We are not having lunch. He is not reading a book. The dog is not running after a cat. The boys are swimming across the river. ★特殊疑问句：what, which, how, where, who, etc. 疑问词+动词+主语+目前分词 What are you doing? What is she doing? What is the dog doing?没有进行时的动词(必背)表达状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表达正在进行的动作1. 表达感觉，感官的词see, hear, like, love, want,2. have, has当“拥有”讲时没有进行时 3. 一般过去时 表达过去发生的动作或事件， 常和表达过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago, 具有be动词的句子， 将动词变为过去式，am, is的过去式为was，are的过去式为were I was at the butcher’s. You were a student a year ago. The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago. ★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首 Were you at the butcher’s? Were you a student a year ago? Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago? ★变否认句在be动词背面加not I was not at the butcher’s. You were not a student a year ago. The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago. ★肯定回答否认回答 Yes, I was. No, I was not. Yes, you were. No, you were not. Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not. ★特殊疑问句： What did you do? 不具有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式 I finished my homework yesterday. The boy went to a restaurant. The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago. ★变疑问句三环节：在句首加did， 动词变为原型，句号变问号。
Did you finish your homework yesterday? Did the boy go to a restaurant? Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago? ★变否认句在主语和动词之间加did not I did not finish my homework yesterday. The boy did not go to a restaurant. The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago. ★肯定回答及否认回答 Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. Yes, he did. No, he didn’t. Yes, they did. No, they did not.4. 目前完毕时 构成：主语+助动词have, has+过去分词done 用法： 1) 表达过去发生的和目前有某种联系的动作，常和just, usually, already, since等时间副词连用 I have just had lunch. (饱了，不用再吃了) He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了，不用再喝) They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了) The boy has already read the book. (已经懂得书的内容了，不用再看了) 2) 询问别人与否做过某事一般用目前完毕时： Have you finished your homework? Have you been to Beijing? Have he seen the film? 3) 表达开始于过去并持续到目前的动作 I have lived in Beijing for twenty years. I have worked for this school for 1 year. 4) 表达一种经历，经验：去过…地方，做过…事情，经历过…事情 I have never had a bath. I have never seen a film. I have never been to cinema. I have ever been to Paris. Have been to表达去过，have gone to 表达去了 I have been to London.(人已经回来) He has gone to London.(人还在那里) 5) 表达一种成果， 一般不和时间副词联用 I have lost my pen. I have hurt myself. He has become a teacher. She has broken my heart. 句型变化： ★变疑问句将助动词移到句首，变否认句在助动词背面加not. e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen. ★肯定回答及否认回答 Yes, I have. No, I have not. ★特殊疑问句： What have you done? What has he done? 一般过去时与目前完毕时的区别： 但凡有明确的表达过去的时间状语的句子为过去时 注意：有些动词表达的动作有一种终点，不能再延续，因此不能和表达一段时间状语连用 错：I’ve left Beijing for 3 days. 对：I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days. 5. 一般将来时 表达将来将要发生的动作， 常常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours’ time, etc. 表达将来的词联用 构造： 主语+助动词will+动词原形do I will go to America tomorrow. The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next. Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning. ★变疑问句将助动词移到句首 Will you go to America tomorrow? Will th。