英文信函写作格式与规范英文信函写作格式与规范 2. dateline中文书信的日期写于落款之后,而英文信函的日期位于信端之下,信内地址之上根据英美不同的习惯,日期可有两种写法如2003年5月20日可写作: 20 May 2003 (英式写法) May 20, 2003, 或May 20th, 2003 (美式写法) 注意:月份应用英文写出,不以阿拉伯数字代替,因此,上例日期不可写成2003,5,20此外,美式英语要求月份与年份之间用逗号隔开,但英式写法在月份与年份之间一般无逗号 (4) 称呼(Salutation) 称呼自成一行,从信纸的左边顶格写起通用的称呼是“Dear…”,其后接逗号 采用何种称呼应根据写信人与对方的关系及认识的亲疏程度 ① 一般性的称呼有: Dear Mr. … ,(用于男士) Dear Mrs. … ,(用于已婚妇女) Dear Ms. … ,(用于女士,已婚未婚均可,尤用于对婚姻状况不确定者) Dear Miss … ,(用于未婚女士) “Mr.”,“Mrs.”,及“Ms.”之后可加缩约号“.”,也可不加;但“Miss”之后概不加标点 “Dear”之后接收信人的姓氏,如“Dear Mr. Smith,” 注意:不写成:“Dear Mr. John,” 亦不写成:“Dear Mr. John Smith,” 习惯用法是:“Dear John,”或“Dear Mr. Smith,” ② 较正式、尊重的称呼也可采用头衔或职务,如“Dear Prof. Smith,”“Dear Dr. Smith,”等。
③ 在收信人为不知名者的公务信函中,称呼可用: Dear Sirs,(当收信对方为单位/公司,而非某人时) Dear Sir,(当收信对方为不认识的男士时) Dear Sir/Madam,(当收信对方为性别不明的陌生人时) Gentlemen,(只用复数形式,且之前不加“”,属美式英语用法) ④ 称呼偶尔也用“Messrs.”,表示收信人为两位或多位男士(如 Messrs. J. Smith & R. White), 但在更常的情况下表示收信对方是以人名命名的公司 ⑤ 收信人为熟友,可直称其名,如:“Dear Mary,”,“ My dear John,”……等 (5) 信的正文(Body of Letter) 推荐精选 正文是信的主体,一般由开场白—主体段—结束句/段组成 在开场白中,应该直截了当的陈述写信的目的:是致谢?道歉?祝福?咨询?建议?批评?请求?……这与中文书信的习惯不同在中文信中,我们常用诸如“你好!”,“近况如何?”等客套话开头在写英文信时,应避免受此影响切记不要把最重要、最醒目的第一句或第一段浪费在诸如“How do you do?”,“How are you?”等无关紧要的词句上。
信的主体部分可根据需要,分段叙述表达应做到准确、简要、得体准确指的是内容(包括数字、人名等细节)准确无误;简要首先应避免使用老式八股套话(诸如“I beg to acknowledge receipt of your letter.”等);得体指的是表达符合英文习惯,措词与语气适合通信双方的亲疏关系如公文信函做到语气礼貌但不谦卑,直接但不粗鲁,简洁但不唐突 (6) 结束敬语(Complimentary Close) 结束敬语是写信人对收信人的一种谦称,最通常用的结束敬语是: ① Yours faithfully,(英式用法) Faithfully yours,Truly yours,(美式用法) (用于收信人为陌生人的正式公务信,对应于称呼用“Dear Sirs”,“Dear Sir”,“Dear Sir or Madam”,的正式信函 ② Yours sincerely,(英式用法) Sincerely yours,(美式用法) (用于称呼为“Dear + 姓氏”的正式或非正式书信 结束敬语第一个词的开头字母要大写,末尾用逗号 应该避免使用诸如“We remain yours faithfully”,“Respectfully yours”,等老式结束敬语。
(7) 签署(Signature) 签署是写信人自己的签名署名不加头衔,即不在自己的名字前加“Miss”、“Mr.”、“Prof.”之类的头衔若因业务需要,必须让对方了解自己的性别或职务,可在签名下行用括号标明,如: Yours faithfully, Yours faithfully, ____________ 或 __________________ Leslie Archer (Ms.) Wang Wei (Sales Manager) (Managing Director) 即使是打印的正式信函,签名也应用手写,之后再于手写的签署下面打印姓名 代表某人签名应该在自己的签署下行写下所代表的人名,之前加“pp.”(即拉丁语per pro的缩略形式,表示“for and on behalf of”),如: Yours faithfully, ---------------- Sophie Lee pp. Bob Taylor (The Managing Director) (即代表总经理签名之意) 推荐精选(8) 附件(Enclosure) 如果信中已说明有附件随信寄去,也要在信笺的左下角注明,便于收信人查阅。
如果附件不止一个,应写上几个附件和是什么附件附件英文可缩写为Encl.,Enc,或Encls例如: Encl: Doctor’s Certificate (附:医生证明一张) Encls(或Enclosures):4 Invoices (附:发票四张) HEADING (信端) DATE (日期) INSIDE ADDRESS (信内地址) …………………… …………………… SALUTATION (称呼) BODY OF LETTER (信的正文) —————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— COMPLIMENTARY CLOSING (结束敬语) SIGNATURE (签署) ENCL(S):(附件) (or P.S.)(或附言) 下面是日常生活中常用的几种专用信件实例。
推荐精选A. 推荐信 (Letter of Recommendation) Sample 1 P.O. Box 3567 Nanjing University P.R. China 30 August 2003 Professor Ellis Browning Department of English Literature University of Cambridge Dear Prof. Browning, I have the pleasure of introducing to you Ms Hong Feng, the bearer of this letter, who is a former student of mine in Nanjing University. Ms Hong was a top student in our department, where she spent four years for her first degree in Modern English Language Studies, followed by three years of graduate study in the 20th Century English Novels. She has special in demonstration of her gift and creativity. She has now been accepted by Cambridge where she will spend 3 years working on her doctoral degree. Ms Hong has always been a delight to teach. In addition to her academic talent, she is pleasant, amiable and understanding. I have no doubt that you will enjoy being her teacher as well as her friend. I should be very much obliged if you can help her settle in and also give her necessary guidance in regard to her course work. Yours sincerely, Fan Wen Sample 2 Xiaxin Foreign Trade Co. Ltd. 23 Nanhua Road, Xiamen 5 May 1998 To whom it may concern, This is to introduce Mr. Chen Taiping, the bearer of this letter, who is the Marketing Manager of our Company. Mr. Chen Taiping has been assigned to do a marking research around the Country. We should esteem it a great favour if you would afford him the necessary information. Yours faithfully, Li Ling General Manager B. 感谢信 (Letter of Expressing Gratitude) June 12, 2003 Dear Dr. Smith, I would like to thank you for allowing me to observe classes as a visiting scholar from China in your nice department with so many talented and productive professors. My one year stay in your country will come to an end, and I推荐精选’m very happy to say that I’ve enjoyed my time here. I really like your department and your faculty an。