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1、2002 Text 1If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with the
2、ir point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses. He
3、re is an example, which I heard at a nursesconvention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very
4、 peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. Who is that? the new arrival asked St. Peter. Oh, thats God, came the reply,
5、 but sometimes he thinks hes a doctor. If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and itll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notori
6、ous bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustnt attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system. If you feel awkwa
7、rd being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner.Often its the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an un
8、believing look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on afamiliar quote If at first you dont succeed, give up or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and
9、 pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor. 41. To make your humor work, you should _.A take advantage of different kinds of audience B make fun of the disorganized peopleC address different problems to different peopleD show sympathy for your listeners 42. The
10、 joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are _.A impolite to new arrivalsB very conscious of their godlike role C entitled to someprivileges D very busy even during lunch hours 43. It can be inferred from the text that public services _.A have benefited many people B are the foc
11、us of public attentionC are aninappropriate subject for humor D have often been the laughing stock 44. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered _.A in well-worded languageB as awkwardly as possibleC in exaggerated statementsD as casually as possible45. The best title for t
12、he text may be _.A Use HumorEffectivelyB Various Kinds of HumorC Add Humor to Speech D Different Humor Strategies重点词汇：identify/ai5dentifai/（辨别；视为同一）即ident+ify，ident词根“同一”，-ify动词后缀“使”；identification（识别；身份证明）identify去y加-ication名词后缀；identical（同一的）ident+ical形容词后缀。Any man over thirty identifies his youth
13、 with the worst fault he thinks he is capable of.任何过了三十岁的人都把自己的青年时代视为自认所能犯下的最大错误。relevant/5relivEnt/（相关的；意义重大的）即re+lev+ant，re-前缀，lev词根“升，举”，-ant形容词后缀，故“从升起的”“源自的”相关的。同根词：elevate（升举，提高）e+lev+ate；elevator（电梯，升降机）e+lev+at(e)+or。The discovery and use of knowledge has always been relevant to a humane fut
14、ure.对于一个人道的未来，知识的发现与运用一直是关系重大的。sympathy/5simpEWi/（n.同情；共鸣）即sym+path+y，sym-（=syn-，在p前n变形为m以方便发音，前缀“同”），path词根“感情”，-y抽象名词后缀；sympathize/sympathise（v.同情；共鸣），-ize/-ise为动词后缀；sympathetic（同情的；共鸣的）sym+path+etic形容词后缀。Next to love, sympathy is the divinest passion of the human heart.同情心是人类心中仅次于爱的最神圣的情感。Anybody
15、 can sympathize with the sufferings of a friend, but it requires a very fine nature to sympathize with a friends success.人人都能同情朋友的痛苦，然而共享朋友的成功需要非常优良的品性。To be sympathetic without discriminationis so very debilitating.有同情心而无识别力是多么虚弱。Reading is not merely sympathizing and understanding; it is also criticizing and judging.阅读不仅是同情与理解，也是批评与判断。alternatively/R:l5t:nEtivli/（二者择一地；另外）alter改变+nat(e)+ive+ly；alternative（二者择一的；供选择的事物）alter+nat(e)+ive；alternate（v.交替；交替的）alter+nate。Loves alternatejoy and woe.爱情就是交替的欢乐与痛苦。Themore alternative, the more difficult the choice.可选择的东西越多，就越难选择。guang
