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1、1,英语中数量大小及增减的表示法和译法,数量大小的表示法,more than 100, over 100 less than 100, under 100, below 100,一百多，一百以上,不到一百，一百以下，一百来,2,数量大小的表示法,50 more ten more days,再（加）50,再十天,先加25克盐于水中，然后再加50克盐。,First add 25 grams of salt to the water, then add 50 more grams of salt to it.,3,a mile or more a liter or less a long mile
2、twenty odd, twenty and odd, twenty-odd,数量大小的表示法,一英里或一英里多些,一升或不到一升,一英里还多,二十多，二十有余，不到三十,4,as + adj. + as + numeral 结构的译法,as large as as many （much）as as high as as heavy as as low as ,大到（至）,多达,高达,重达,低到（至）,国家安全生产监督管理总局化学品登记中心,应急预案的编制步骤,1.编制准备： 成立编写小组 选择预案编制小组成员应考虑如下因素： 必须具有相应的工作能力、奉献精神和权力； 必须具备必要的专业技术知
3、识； 必须是预案编制过程各相关方的代表； 各成员必须目标一致、相互合作。 预案编制小组代表可来自以下职能部门： 安全、环保、操作和生产、保卫、工程、技术服务、维修保养、医疗、环境、人事以及相关政府部门的代表。,国家安全生产监督管理总局化学品登记中心,危险辨识和风险评价 危险辨识：识别和描述危险源及其特点的过程，其要素包括：源、事件、后果、概率 原则：横向到边、纵向到底、不留死角 危险辨识的关键任务： 识别可能引发事故的材料、系统、生产过程或场所的特征；辨识可能出现的事故后果。 危险辨识方法： 材料性质分析：毒性、燃烧性、爆炸性、稳定性以及活性反应性。 生产工艺和条件 安全评价和分析方法 重大危
4、险源辨识 利用经验,国家安全生产监督管理总局化学品登记中心,危险辨识内容包括以下几个方面： 厂址和环境条件 厂区平面布置 功能分区（生产、管理、辅助生产、生活区）布置；高温有害物质、噪声、辐射、易燃、易爆、危险品设施布置；工艺流程布置；建筑物布置；风向、安全距离、卫生防护距离等； 建（构）筑物 辨识和分析建筑物的结构、防火、防爆、朝向、采光、运输通道以及生产辅助设施；,8,太阳中心的温度高达摄氏一千万度。,冬天，中国最北部的温度可低到零下45。,The temperature at the suns center is as high as 10,000,000.,In winter the
5、temperature at the very north of China may be as low as -45.,9,分数和百分数增减译法,In conventional thermo-power plants, the overall efficiency is rather low, about 30%; in other words, more than 2/3 of the energy is wasted.,在常规的热发电站里，总效率相当低，大约为30%；换句话说，三分之二以上的能量被浪费了。,10,v + by + x% 和 v + to + x% 的结构,成本减少到30%
6、,成本减少了1/3,The cost was reduced to 30%.,The cost is cut down by one third.,The press will be reduced to one-fourth of its original value.,压力将减小到原来数值的1/4。,The bandwidth was reduced by two-thirds.,频带宽度减少了三分之二。,11,Intel, the largest semiconductor device manufacturer and supplier of personal computer sil
7、icon chips and microprocessors in the world, this year has produced 250% the number of personal computers in 1997.,英特尔，世界上最大的半导体器件生产厂家和个人计算机芯片和微处理器的供应者，今年生产的个人计算机是1997年的250%（或2.5倍）。,硅片,12,倍数N+比较级+than/as/of,This sort of membrane is twice thinner than ordinary paper.,Membrane:薄膜,这种薄膜比普通纸张薄2倍。,这种薄膜的厚度
8、是普通纸张的一半。,13,该机器的售价比去年涨了1000美金。,The price of this machine is a thousand dollars more than last year.,This book is three times as long as （three times longer than/three times the length of） that one.,这本书的长度是那本书的三倍。,14,前者是后者的N分之一,倍数N+as+形容词/副词+as,The hydrogen atom is nearly 16 times as light as the ox
9、ygen atom.,氢原子的重量是氧原子的16分之1.,15,表示减少的v.+by the factor of +N,减少到原来的N分之一，即减少了（N-1）/N,The resistance is reduced by a factor of 5.,电阻值减少到原来的1/5.,16,N-fold decrease/reduction,减少到原来的N分之一,The principal advantage over the old-fashioned machine is a four-fold reduction in weight.,相对于老式机器，主要优点是重量减轻了3/4.,17,英语
10、中有些词表示特定的倍数 again (一倍) twice, double (两倍) triple (三倍) fourfold (四倍) 等数。,18,My Aunt is as old again as I am. 我姑姑的年龄比我大一倍。 The top-brand clothes are often sold as double the normal price here. 名牌服装的售价通常比正常的售价高一倍。 The new work procedure tripled the output. 新工艺使产量增加两倍 。,19,英语中数量增加的表示法,表示增加的词汇,increase,
11、rise, exceed, grow raise, expand, go up,20,表示增加的动词+to+数字/倍数N,The members of the association have increased to 1500.,该协会的会员数量增加到了1500人。,With the result of automation the productivity has risen to sixty-six fold in that factory.,由于自动化的结果，那家工厂的产量上升到了原产量的66倍。,21,表示增加的动词+倍数N,The total volume of state pur
12、chase in the first quarter rose by 5.2 percent, compared with the same period of last year. 与去年同期相比，国家第一季度的总收购量上升了5.2个百分点。,22,数词组成的常用短语,by hundreds by thousands by(the) millions by halves,数以百计 数以千计；大量 数以百万计 不完全,23,hundreds of 数百；数以百计 thousands of 数千；数以千计 hundreds of thousands of 几十万；无数的 thousands up
13、on thousands 万千上万 millions upon millions of 千百万 a thousand and one 无数的 a hundred and one 许多 tens of, decades of 数十个 dozens of 几打；几十个 billions of 几十亿,24,ten to one 十之八九 nine cases out of ten 十之八九 nine tenths 十之八九；几乎全部 fifty-fifty 各半的；对半的；平均 by one hundred percent 百分之百的；全部 a long hundred 一百多；一百二十 a fe
14、w tenths of 十分之几；有几成 by twos and threes 三三两两 by ones or twos 三三两两；零零落落,25,in two twos 转眼；立即 at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟 one or two 少许；几个 twenty and twenty 三分之二，2/3 first of all 首先 second to none 首屈一指 last but one 倒数第二 a decade of 十个，10 a score of 二十，20 a dozen of 一打，12个,26,Thousands of people attended
15、the meeting. 数千人参加了会议。 Ten to one she has forgotten it. 十有八九她把这件事给忘了。 Her name ranks last but one on the list. 她的名字在名单上排在倒数第二。 In a few minutes the students began to come in by twos and threes. 几分钟之后，学生们三三两两地走了进来。,27,练习,100 more a long square meter fifty and odd,再加100,一平方米还多,50多不到60,28,The comet das
16、hes toward the moon at a speed as fast as 60 kilometers per second.,彗星以高达每秒60千米的速度向月球冲去。,comet:彗星,29,Some layers between the third and last layers of an atom contain as many as 32 electrons.,原子内部介于第三层和最后一层之间一些电子层甚至含有32个电子.,原子,30,The substance reacts four times slower than the other one.,这种物质的反应速度是另一种物质的1/4.,
