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1、形容词和副词比较级和最高级,形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成与用法,英语中比较结构用于形容词和副词， 因为只有形容词和副词具有原级、比较级和最高级。专业四级英语考试中主要测试比较结构的特殊用法。 原级比较一般用 as as ; not as/so as ; the same as The work is not as/so difficult as you think. 工作并不像你认为的那样难。 This book is twice as thick as that one. 这本书是那本书的两倍厚。,not so muchas,这个句型用以肯定as后面的内容，而在一定程度上否定as前面的
2、内容，表示“与其说还不如说”，“更多的是而不是”。 1. Experience shows that success is not so much due to ability as to zeal经验表明，成功的背后更多的是热情，而不是能力。 2. I was attracted not so much by the plot of the story as by the actors excellent performance吸引我的与其说是剧情，还不如说是演员的出色表演。,3. It wasnt so much his appearance I liked as his personal
3、ity.4. It wasnt so much that I disliked her as that I just wasnt interested.,A is to B as / what C is to D,这个句型表示A与B之间的关系就像C与D之间的关系，以人们所熟知的两个事物之间的关系说明一个不被熟知或被忽视的两事物之间的关系，是一种类比，可译成：“A对于B，犹如C对于D”。 1. Air is to us as/what water is to fish.我们与空气的关系就像鱼和水的关系。 2. Reading is to the mind as/what food is to t
4、he body.读书对于人的思想的作用，犹如食物对于人体的作用。,more A than B,表示与not so muchas类似的含义，肯定的是A，而在一定程度上否定B。 “与其说是B，还不如说是A”。1. He is more brave than wise他有勇无谋。 2.The child was more frightened than hurt这孩子的伤倒不算什么，只是受惊吓不小。 ,3.The reason why solar energy is not in widespread use is more economic than technical4. Many patien
5、ts die more of worry than of cancer when they get to know the truth about their illness,太阳能没有广泛应用的原因更多的是资金问题，而不是技术问题。,很多病人在他们了解了病情真相后与其说是死于癌症，还不如说是死于忧虑。,more than 名词形容词分词,表示内容超出了后面词语所表达的范围， “不只于，超过，极其，很，非常”。例如： 1. If you tell your father what youve done， hell be more than a little angry2.I more than
6、 saw it；I touched it too！3. We were more than happy to hear of your return,如果你告诉你父亲你都做了些什么，他会非常生气。,我何止看见了，我还摸了摸它！,听说你回来了，我们极其高兴。,morethan,1). 本身用作比较级：把more看成many或much的比较级，后接名词，表示“比更多”。如： Statistics show that there are more boys than girls at school. 统计数字表明学校的男生比女生多。 2). 后接多音节形容词和副词：more后接多音节形容词或副词，前
7、后是两个或两类人或物进行比较时，表示“比更”。如： Airports were more closely watched than anyplace else. 飞机场比任何其他地方看守得更严密。 All human beings are much more intelligent than animals. 所有人类的智力都比动物高得多。,3). 对同一对象的两个方面进行比较：若是对同一个人或物在不同方面进行取舍时，意为“与其说倒不如”，。如： He is more hungry than tired. 与其说他累了，倒不如说他饿了。 I was more annoyed than worr
8、ied. 我与其说是着急，不如说是生气。,not +比较级+ than / no +比较级+than 不如； 和 一样不,比较级前加not，表示前者不如后者，与not asas相当； 比较级前加no是对两者的否定，意为“和一样不”，与neithernor或“as+相反意义的形容词或副词+as”相当。如： He is not taller than me. 他不如我高。 He is no taller than me. 他同我一样不高。(即一样矮),His English is not better than mine. His English is no better than mine.Yo
9、u are not more careful than he is. You are no more careful than he is.,他的英语不如我的英语好。,他的英语同我的英语一样不好。(即一样差),你不如他细心。,你和他一样不细心。(即一样粗心),no morethan与not (any) morethan “同一样不”； “不如”、“不及”,两者均可用于比较，前者表示对两者都否定，意为“同一样不”(=neither . nor)；而后者则指两者虽都具有某种特征，但程度不同，意为“不如”、“不及” He is no more a writer than a painter. 他不是
10、画家，也不是作家。(= He is neither a painter nor a writer.) Hes no more able to read Spanish than I am. 他和我都读不懂西班牙语。(=Neither he nor I am not read Spanish.) This book is not more difficult than that one. 这本书不比那本书更难。(This book is not so difficult as that one.),no more than与not more than “仅仅”、“只不过”； “不多于”、”至 “
11、多,This test takes no more than thirty minutes. He has not more than three children.,这个测验只需30分钟,他最多 3 个孩子。,注意：以拉丁文-ior结尾的形容词本身含有比较意义，后接to 而不是than，这些词有： superior, inferior , senior , junior , prior1. He is three years senior to me.他比我年长3岁。2. This type of computer is superior to that type. 这型号计算机比那型号要先
12、进。,最高级用于三者以上的事物之间的比较。比较的范围表示地方用介词in; 表示所属关系和人物比较用介词 of。( 即the +最高级in /of ) 1.The Yangtze River is the longest river in China, but it is the third longest river in the world.2.Of all the metals, silver is the best conductor. 在所有的金属中，银是最好的导体。.,考点三：英语中有一小部分表示绝对意义的形容词没有比较级和最高级。如：deaf, empty, perfect, complete, right, wrong , round, square, dead,
