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1、动词不定式作后置定语的语态形式,不定式作后置定语常表示动作将要发生,它的语态和时态在一般情况下是容易掌握的。,They are looking for a place to live. 他们正在寻找一个住处。 This is the best way to relax. 这是最好的放松办法。,但不定式作后置定语还有几种特殊情况: 1、当不定式与所修饰的名词(直接宾语)为动宾关系,而间接宾语是不定式的逻辑主语时,此不定式宜用主动形式。,Would you bring me a chair to sit on? 请你给我拿张椅子坐好吗? Please lend me a pen to write
2、with. 请借支钢笔给我用。,2、当不定式的动作与所修饰的名词(直接宾语)为动宾关系,且句中又无不定式的逻辑主语时,此不定式宜用被动形式(该不定式短语相当于一个 含被动语态的宾语从句)。,Are you going to the meeting to be held ( which is to be held ) tomorrow. 你打算去参加明天举行的会议吗? The medical team to be sent ( which is to be sent ) to the flooded-stricken areas will start off next month. 派往洪灾地区
3、的医疗队下个月即将起程。,3、当不定式与所修饰的名词是get, need, have等动词的宾语,且不定式与所修饰的名词也有动宾关系时,此不定式即可用主动形式,也可用被动形式,但其含义有所不同。,Do you have a letter to post? 你有信要寄吗?(to post的动作执行者是you),Do you have a letter to be post? 你有信要(我或别人)寄吗?(to be post的动作执行者不是you;而是I或someone else),Have you got anything to do this afternoon? 今天下午你有什么事要做吗?(
4、自己做) Have you got anything to be done this afternoon? 今天下午你有什么事要人做吗?(别人做),4、在there be 句型中,修饰主语的不定式如果与主语有逻辑上的动宾关系,此不定式即可用主动形式,也可用被动形式,但其含义有所不同。,There are three experiments to do / to be done. 有三个实验要做。用to do表示说话人做;用to be done表示要别人做。,There is nothing to do now. = We have nothing to do now. 没有事情可干。,There is nothing to be done now. = We can do nothing now. 我们对此事毫无办法。,