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1、Unit 10拓展模块high 与 highly 的用法区别l 1. high 用作副词，通常表示具体的高，主要修饰动词。 如：lHe climbed high. 他爬得很高。lI cant jump any higher. 再高些我跳不了啦。l注：有时用于比喻义。如：lHe never got very high in the company. 他在公司里 所担任的职务从来就不是很高。l注意以下用于比喻义的常见固定搭配：lpay high 付出高价 llive high 过富裕生活laim high 目标高 lstand high in sbs favour 为某人所赏识l2. highly
2、 主要表示很高的程度，除修饰动词(如 speak, praise, think of等)外，还通常用于修饰 分词或形容词(尤其是那些由动词派生而来的形容 词, 有时相当于 very 或 much)。如：lHe speaks very highly of you. 他十分赞赏你。lIts a highly amusing film. 那是部很有趣的电影 。lThe people were highly pleased. 人们都很高 兴。lHis report is highly scientific. 他的报告是很科 学的。lShe is a highly educated woman. 她是受
3、过高 等教育的女人。l3. 在用连字符构成的复合形容词中，通常用 high。如：lhigh-grade 优质的 lhigh-rise 高层的，高耸的lhigh-priced 高价的 lhigh-ranking 级别高的l比较(是复合形容词和非复合形容词，注意词尾 - ly 以及连字符的有无)：lHe is a high-priced lawyer. 他是个收费很高的律 师。lThe goods on display are all very highly priced. 展出的物品都非常昂贵。l类似的这类词主要有wide，widely；close， closely ；high，highly等
4、等，l这类词含义及用法上的主要特点是： l不带-ly的副词表示具体的行为和动作，说明 的动作或状况有可测 量性和可见性； l而 以-ly结尾的同源副词所表达的常常是抽 象性的行为和状况。 l “设法完成” “经过努力最后终于完成”lmanage to do sth .ltry to do sth. lEg：He (escape) from the fire , but was badly burnt . 他设法从大火中逃出来， 但还是被烧成重伤。lHe (escape) from the fire and finally succeeded . 他设法从大火中逃出 来，终于成功了。tried
5、to escapemanaged to escape“即使，尽管” leven though = even if lTheyll stand by you even though you dont succeed .l即使你不成功，他们也会支持你的。endurel后跟名词、不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语。lEg：I cant endure (that woman) . l我对那个女人忍无可忍。lI cant endure to see/seeing children suffer . l看着儿童受苦，我可受不了。lShe couldnt endure to hear/hearing about
6、 it . l听到这事，她难以忍受。lThe Indians endured (much pain) . l印第安人忍受了很多痛苦。remainl 停留 与stay同义，可以换用l 作连系动词， “继续保持，仍然处于某种 状态” lEg：Please remain here till I return .l 请呆到我回来。lIf you dont eat youll just have to remain hungry . l如果你不吃东西，你就得继续挨饿。“适应（新环境等）”ladapt tolHe has not yet the climate . 他还不适应这种气候。lOur eyes
7、slowly the dark . 我们的眼睛慢慢地适应了黑暗的环 境。l她很快地适应了新的气候。lShe adapted quickly to the new climate . adapted toadapted toskinned adj. “有某种皮肤的”l Tom is a dark skinned person .l 汤姆是一个黑皮肤的人。“暴露” exposure un.lexposure tolEg：Her skin was dry after the wind . l风吹后，她的皮肤干燥了。 exposure tovary lV. 有差异，会变化lvarious lPeopl
8、e vary much in their ideas .l人们在想法上差异很大。lThat sort of thing varies from person to person .l那种事情因人而异。同位语从句l这种差别可以用这样的事实解释：个子大 的人的皮肤与其体重相比较要比个子小的 的人少一些。lThis different might be explained by the fact that big people have less skin compared to weight than do small people.l句中由that引导的从句，说明前面名词fact 的内容，是同位
9、语从句。同位语从句l在英语的某些名词，如：fact，hope，belief， doubt，idea，news，possibility，thought 等后面，有时可见到that引导的同位语从句。lEg：The text tells us a fact that smoking does great harm to peoples health . l这篇课文告诉我们一个事实：吸烟有害于人体健 康。lI had no idea that he had already gone abroad . l我不知道他已经出国了。“与有关的”lrelative tolHe said nothing his
10、plans about returning . l他没说什么与他返回的计划有关的。lWe didnt know the facts the problem . l我们不知道与这个问题有关的事实。relative torelative to将某人/某物限制在一定范围内lconfine sb./sth. to sth. lI wish the speaker would himselfl the subject . l我希望演讲者不要离题。lJohn was bed for a week with his cold. l约翰感冒卧床一周了。toconfineconfined to“所谓的”lso-
11、calledlWhere are your friends now ？l你那些所谓的朋友，现在都在哪儿了？so-calledIt is true that l这是一个由形式主语it引导的句子，其句型 结构为It is + adj. + that-clause，真正的主 语是后面的that从句。l用于该结构的形容词有：possible， impossible，necessary，important等等。lEg：It is possible that it will snow tomorrow .l明天有可能下雪。“过着的生活”live a lifellive a happy lifellive
12、a hard life llive a better life llive a miserable lifel过着幸福的生活l过着艰苦的生活l过着较好的生活 l过着悲惨的生活“承认是”“认出是”lrecognize aslEg：They will him one of the best singers . l他们承认他是最好的歌手之一。lHe is an excllent student . l人们承认他是一个优秀的学生。recognizeasrecognized asevery + 基数词+复数名词 “每的”lEg：Take the medicine 。l 每四小时吃一次药。lThey us
13、ually come home 。 l 他们通常每两周回家一次。every four hoursevery two weeksnotuntil“直到时候，才”lI didnt feel happy not 【until I saw her the next morning 】直到第二天早晨见到她我才感到 高兴。lIt is/was not untilthat是 not until用 于强调句型的结构。lIt was not until I saw her the next morning that I felt happy . l一直到你回来我才离开。 lIt is not until you
14、 come back that I will leave . “与联系到一起”“与相配合”lbe associated withlEg：I didnt want to it at all . l我根本不想与这事有联系。lIn the childrens minds summer 。picnics . l在孩子们的心中，夏天是和野餐联系在一起的。lI wished to forget everything 。 him . l我希望忘掉一切与他有关的事情。be associated withis associated withassociated withConcern 使担心，使关注 v.lShe is always concerning herself about other peoples business .l她总是关心别人的事情。lA good doctor should concern himself with your health .l一个好医生是应该关注你的健康的。lBe concerned about/withl请不要为我担心。lPlease dont be concerned a
